Societal Responsibility and Development Trends of Global Soil Studies and the Provisions for China: Lessons from the Status of the 《World’s Soil Resources Report》     

Zhang Xuhui  Shao Qianqian  Ding Yuanjun  Cheng Kun  Bian Rongjun  Liu Xiaoyu  Zheng Jufeng  Li Lianqing  Pan Genxing 《地球科学进展》2016,31(10):1012-1020

2015 is the International Year of Soil (IYS) adopted by the 378th Congress of the United Nations. The Status of the World’s Soil Resources was released by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, which was the policy report about the status of the world soil resources for the first time. The universal values of the global community were strengthened by the challenges for the global society from the risk and safety of the change of soil quality, functions, services and soil health. One third of the world soil resources were suffering serious degradation, which could affect the food security in the future, regional development and local conflicts in the report. The major task of the global monitoring, regulation and management of the world soil resources and the social responsibility of supporting the sustainable soil management by education, research and technology development were highlighted. The social responsibility and global development trends of soil science and management strategies were discussed by the keywords, the distribution of contributing authors and the citation of the references, as well as the main contents of the report. The keywords distribution of the report showed that the focus of the soil research included the change of soil quality, processes, functions and services induced by the natural driving forces, human’s activity and soil degradation, as well as the hotspots covered soil carbon/nitrogen-water-biological pool and distribution related with the biogeochemistry, global climate change and ecosystem functions and human health. The number and structure of the cited papers showed that the integration research based on the mega-data analysis were the prominent development trend of the soil science. The geographic distribution of all the contributing authors showed that dominant discourse of the global soil science were grasped by the developed countries including Europe and the United States, China had just limited effects on the global soil science. It is urgent to promote China’s soil science research and the services for global society.  相似文献   

互花米草入侵下福建漳江口红树林湿地土壤生态化学变化   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张祥霖  石盛莉  潘根兴  李恋卿  张旭辉  李志鹏 《地球科学进展》2008,23(9):974-981

采集了福建云霄漳江口米草入侵下红树林自然湿地保护区内红树林群落、米草群落、红树林—米草交互群落以及光滩的剖面土壤样品,分析了土壤的总养分库、有效养分库及微生物活性等指标。结果表明,不同植被群落下土壤理化性质均存在明显差异。土壤有机质、全氮、全磷、阳离子交换量和微生物生物量碳、氮在同一深度的含量变化为：红树林>红树林—米草混作>米草>光滩;土壤蔗糖酶、脲酶、磷酸酶、过氧化氢酶和多酚氧化酶等酶活性指标也表现出相似的变化趋势。从深度变化而言,上述各项土壤质量指标均随剖面深度而降低。米草入侵后土壤的各项养分指标均有明显下降,湿地土壤生态化学性质发生了明显的退化。土壤有机碳、土壤微生物生物量碳、氮含量以及土壤蔗糖酶与磷酸酶活性对滨海湿地土壤退化的反映最为强烈, 可以作为指示性指标。  相似文献   

Generalization of PhaseNet in Shandong and its application to the Changqing M4.1 earthquake sequence          下载免费PDF全文

Zonghui Dai  Lianqing Zhou  Xuhui Hu  Junhao Qu  Xia Li 《地震科学（英文版）》2023,36(3):212-227

Waveforms of seismic events, extracted from January 2019 to December 2021 were used to construct a test dataset to investigate the generalizability of PhaseNet in the Shandong region. The results show that errors in the picking of seismic phases(P-and S-waves) had a broadly normal distribution, mainly concentrated in the ranges of-0.4–0.3 s and-0.4–0.8 s, respectively. These results were compared with those published in the original PhaseNet article and were found to be approximately 0.2–0.4 s l...  相似文献   

中国区域地壳稳定性编图研究   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

李晓  易明初  王连庆  乔子江 《地质力学学报》1995,1(3):23-29

中国区域地壳稳定性评价图,是根据"安全岛"理论,采用网格划分,逐层应用模糊综合评判和图象识别,以及区域地壳稳定性评价专家系统的步骤和方法编制完成的。该图预测评价的极不稳定区和极次不稳定区,已被近期在中国云南孟连、甘肃永登两地分别发生的中、强地震震中定位所证实。因此,介绍区域地壳稳定性评价的定量化编图理论和方法以及它在实际应用中的作用和意义,即是本文阐述的重点内容。   相似文献   

Temporal and Spatial Images of Ambient Noise Intensity in the Chinese Mainland     

Zhou Lianqing  Song Xiaodong  Zhao Cuiping 《中国地震研究》2017,31(3):289-308

Successive waveforms of the vertical component recorded by 888 broadband seismic stations in the China Seismography Network from January,2010 to June,2011 are used to investigate the temporal and spatial distribution of ambient noise intensity,and the images of ambient noise intensity at the period of 10 s in the Chinese Mainland are obtained. The temporal variation of ambient noise intensity shows some seasonal and periodic characteristics. The maximum ambient noise intensity occurred from January,2011 to March,2011. The spatial distribution images of ambient noise intensity show obvious zoning features,which doesnt correlate with surface geology,suggesting that the noise field is stronger than the site factors. The strength in southeastern coastal areas reaches its maximum and generally decreases toward to inland areas,and arrives at the minimum in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. The zonal intensity distribution is probably correlated with ocean tides from the Philippine Ocean and the Pacific Ocean. It also shows that the influence from the Indian Ocean seems small. However, the ambient noise intensity increases to a certain degree in the Xinjiang area,indicating that the main source of ambient noise in the western area of the Chinese Mainland is not derived from the East and South China Sea,but rather from the deep interior of the Eurasian continent. The ambient noise intensity obtained in this study can supply reference for seismology research based on ambient noise correlation. Moreover,it can supply basic data for attenuation research based on ambient noise, and thus help achieve the object of retrieving the attenuation of Rayleigh waves from ambient noise.  相似文献   

六盘山东麓朝那剖面红粘土-年代及其构造意义   总被引：34，自引：8，他引：26       下载免费PDF全文

宋友桂  方小敏  李吉均  安芷生  杨东  吕连清 《第四纪研究》2000,20(5):457-463

黄土高原地区黄土之下的红粘土的年代和形成可为六盘山隆起、鄂尔多斯夷平面解 体以及青藏高原隆升等构造事件提供重要证据。六盘山东麓厚达303m的朝那黄土-红粘土剖面的磁性年代地层学表明：朝那红粘土开始堆积于8．1MaB．P．,是目前黄土高原上发现的最老的红粘土。8.1MaB.P．前后一次强烈构造运动使得鄂尔多斯夷平面解体,相对下沉地区接受红粘土沉积,六盘山地区开始隆起,这可能与青藏高原强烈的构造抬升事件有关。  相似文献   

利用背景噪声数据提取地震台站间面波的可靠性分析——以中国大陆中东部地区的宽频带台站为例          下载免费PDF全文

郑现  赵翠萍  周连庆  郑斯华 《地震学报》2013,35(2)

利用中国大陆中东部地区以国家台网为主的100个分布均匀的宽频带地震台记录到的21个月的连续波形数据,经过单台数据处理和互相关叠加计算后,由时频分析法提取了研究区各台站对间瑞雷波的格林函数.为了检验经验格林函数的可靠性和稳定性,对沿部分路径的经验格林函数和频散曲线进行了质量评估.检测结果表明,自21个月叠加的台站对间背景噪声中提取的经验格林函数与实际的地震面波一致,提取的格林函数可靠.此外,统计了使用从3 21个月不同长度数据叠加后,经验格林函数信噪比大于10的频散曲线数目.结果表明,至少要使用12个月的数据才能提取到信噪比足够大,数目足够多,可用于反演面波速度结构的经验格林函数;12个月的叠加时长,可以保证30 s以下周期的频散曲线在时间上稳定.  相似文献   

从土壤腐殖质分组到分子有机质组学认识土壤有机质本质   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

潘根兴  丁元君  陈硕桐  孙景玲  冯潇  张晨  Marios Doross  郑聚锋  张旭辉  程琨  刘晓雨  卞荣军  李恋卿 《地球科学进展》2019,(5):451-470

梳理了与土壤生态系统功能相联系的,特别是对固碳减排的土壤有机质本质认识的研究进展及路径,探讨了经典腐殖质学说存在的问题,概述了新近的有机质保护稳定学说及腐殖质组学学说,并追溯了生物标志物有机质分子研究,最后从土壤学的基本理念和理论出发讨论和重新认识土壤有机质的本质及其价值。从形成条件、分离条件和分子鉴定等多方面分析,土壤腐殖质形成和稳定学说越来越显示出局限性;而面向气候变化的碳固定研究可以深入探析土壤有机质的复杂存在状态。越来越认识到土壤有机质是投入土壤的有机物质经不同程度生物利用或降解的产物残留,只是被土壤不同程度地区隔和封闭,本质上仍是分子量变化极大的生命源有机物的集合。因此,可通过生物标志物分子作为靶标在土壤中提取和识别,该技术的发展将孕育萌生土壤有机质分子组学。后者可以用于判读土壤有机质的结构支撑、反应活性和促生功能等方面的本质差别,这些差别可能是由有机分子组成结构及存在状态所决定而不是由有机分子稳定性决定的。从这个概念出发,类似于土壤微生物分子生态,土壤有机质的丰度、组成、结构与功能间的联系可能是土壤有机质本质的核心问题。对这种关系的量化和参数化表征可用以探索土壤有机质永续固定,且可以保持生命活性的土壤有机质的管理策略及技术,并配合土壤的团聚体理论诠释土壤的本质和生态系统功能服务,这将是未来土壤学服务人类可持续发展的理论立足点。  相似文献   

MICAPS4网络平台设计与实现          下载免费PDF全文

胡争光  高嵩  薛峰  于连庆 《应用气象学报》2018,29(1):45-56

针对多源、海量、实时气象数据的特点和高交互天气预报预警的业务需求,设计开发了MICAPS4网络平台,该平台包括服务器和网络前端结构,该平台可以实现网络气象数据叠加显示和交互分析等功能。该平台基于统一气象数据模型和分布式实时计算处理框架对多源海量、实时气象数据进行快速处理、计算分析、网络传输和发布,基于HTML5渲染绘制技术实现了浏览器端气象数据的标准实时渲染绘制和交互操作等。MICAPS4网络平台及基于该平台搭建的国家级、省级专业气象网络应用业务系统运行稳定,实现了海量气象数据的网络快速处理分析、高效渲染绘制、预报预警制作交互操作等功能,对建设国家级和省级气象网络应用系统具有重要意义。  相似文献   

利用背景噪声数据提取地震台站间 面波的可靠性分析 以中国大陆中东部地区的宽频带台站为例     

郑现  赵翠萍  周连庆  郑斯华 《地震学报》2013,35(2):218-228

利用中国大陆中东部地区以国家台网为主的100个分布均匀的宽频带地震台记录到的21个月的连续波形数据, 经过单台数据处理和互相关叠加计算后, 由时频分析法提取了研究区各台站对间瑞雷波的格林函数. 为了检验经验格林函数的可靠性和稳定性, 对沿部分路径的经验格林函数和频散曲线进行了质量评估. 检测结果表明, 自21个月叠加的台站对间背景噪声中提取的经验格林函数与实际的地震面波一致, 提取的格林函数可靠. 此外, 统计了使用从3—21个月不同长度数据叠加后, 经验格林函数信噪比大于10的频散曲线数目. 结果表明, 至少要使用12个月的数据才能提取到信噪比足够大, 数目足够多, 可用于反演面波速度结构的经验格林函数; 12个月的叠加时长, 可以保证30 s以下周期的频散曲线在时间上稳定.   相似文献