贺兰山东麓极端暴雨的中尺度特征   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

陈豫英  苏洋  杨银  张肃诏  杨婧 《高原气象》2021,40(1):47-60

利用近10年宁夏逐时自动气象站降水、银川CD雷达、FY-2、探空和ECMWF再分析0.125°x 0.125°等高分辨率多源气象资料,在中尺度系统分型基础上,对比分析贺兰山东麓6次极端暴雨的中尺度特征.结果表明:(1)低空偏(东)南急流夜间增强并配合贺兰山地形,在东坡山前触发或增强了暴雨中小尺度系统,造成地形处降水增幅...  相似文献   

Unique achondrite Northwest Africa 11042: Exploring the melting and breakup of the L chondrite parent body     

Zoltn Vci  Carl B. Agee  Munir Humayun  Karen Ziegler  Yemane Asmerom  Victor Polyak  Henner Busemann  Daniela Krietsch  Matthew Heizler  Matthew E. Sanborn  Qing‐Zhu Yin 《Meteoritics & planetary science》2020,55(3):622-648

Northwest Africa (NWA) 11042 is a heavily shocked achondrite with medium‐grained cumulate textures. Its olivine and pyroxene compositions, oxygen isotopic composition, and chromium isotopic composition are consistent with L chondrites. Sm‐Nd dating of its primary phases shows a crystallization age of 4100 ± 160 Ma. Ar‐Ar dating of its shocked mineral maskelynite reveals an age of 484.0 ± 1.5 Ma. This age coincides roughly with the breakup event of the L chondrite parent body evident in the shock ages of many L chondrites and the terrestrial record of fossil L chondritic chromite. NWA 11042 shows large depletions in siderophile elements (<0.01×CI) suggestive of a complex igneous history involving extraction of a Fe‐Ni‐S liquid on the L chondrite parent body. Due to its relatively young crystallization age, the heat source for such an igneous process is most likely impact. Because its mineralogy, petrology, and O isotopes are similar to the ungrouped achondrite NWA 4284 (this work), the two meteorites are likely paired and derived from the same parent body.  相似文献   

发展地理学视角下中国多维贫困测度及时空交互特征   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1  

金贵  邓祥征  董寅  吴锋 《地理学报》2020,75(8):1633-1646

探索贫困监测评估指标体系及区域间贫困时空交互动态特征对当前中国可持续减贫研究具有重要意义。基于发展地理学视角,引入面板向量自回归（PVAR）模型并结合人类发展分析路径与SDGs全球指标框架识别影响中国贫困的致贫和减贫因素,以此测度多维贫困指数,进而采用探索性时空数据分析（ESTDA）方法揭示多维贫困的时空交互特征。结果表明:① 中国当前贫困监测评估的致贫因子包括农作物受灾比和社会总抚养比,减贫因子则涉及人均GDP、人均社会保障支出、人均公共卫生支出、每万人医院数、新型农村合作医疗参合率、植被覆盖率、人均教育支出、高校数量、人均科学研究与试验发展支出、人均文化事业经费。② 2007—2017年中国省域收入贫困、健康贫困、文化贫困及多维贫困状况得到显著改善,全国综合贫困程度年均下降5.67%,部分省域的不同维度贫困内部出现差异化。③ 研究期内省域间多维贫困局域空间格局表现为较强的空间动态性,并呈现由东部向中、西部增大的变化态势;省域间多维贫困指数随时间演变呈现强的空间依赖关系,形成以西北和东北为高值区向四周递减的变化格局。④ 邻接省域多维贫困交互的时空网络以负向关联为主,仅有陕西与河南、陕西与宁夏、青海与甘肃、湖北与安徽、四川与贵州、海南与广东形成空间上较强的减贫协同关系。研究成果对当前中国精准扶贫战略实施尤其是2020年后预防返贫具有重要的参考价值。  相似文献   

Small‐area patch‐merging method accounting for both local constraints and the overall area balance     

Chengming Li  Yong Yin  Zhaoxin Dai  Wei Wu 《Transactions in GIS》2020,24(4):1098-1118

Small‐area patch merging is a common operation in land use data generalization. However, existing research on small‐area patch merging has mainly focused on local compatibility measures, which often lead to area imbalances among land use types from a global perspective. To address the shortcomings of previous studies by resolving local and global concerns simultaneously, this article proposes a merging method that considers both local constraints and the overall area balance. First, a local optimization model that considers three constraints—namely, the areas of neighboring patches, the lengths of shared arcs, and semantic similarity—is established. The areas of small patches are first pre‐allocated. Subsequently, in accordance with an area change threshold for individual land use types, land use types with area changes that exceed this threshold are identified. The patches corresponding to these land use types are subjected to iterative adjustments while considering the overall area balance. Based on their area splitting abilities, the split lines for small‐area patches are determined, and small‐area patches are merged. Finally, actual data from Guangdong Province are used for validation. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method is capable of preserving the local compatibility of patches while balancing the overall area associated with each land use type.  相似文献   

A probabilistic framework for improving reverse geocoding output     

Zhengcong Yin  Daniel W. Goldberg  Tracy A. Hammond  Chong Zhang  Andong Ma  Xiao Li 《Transactions in GIS》2020,24(3):656-680

Reverse geocoding, which transforms machine‐readable GPS coordinates into human‐readable location information, is widely used in a variety of location‐based services and analysis. The output quality of reverse geocoding is critical because it can greatly impact these services provided to end‐users. We argue that the output of reverse geocoding should be spatially close to and topologically correct with respect to the input coordinates, contain multiple suggestions ranked by a uniform standard, and incorporate GPS uncertainties. However, existing reverse geocoding systems often fail to fulfill these aims. To further improve the reverse geocoding process, we propose a probabilistic framework that includes: (1) a new workflow that can adapt all existing address models and unitizes distance and topology relations among retrieved reference data for candidate selections; (2) an advanced scoring mechanism that quantifies characteristics of the entire workflow and orders candidates according to their likelihood of being the best candidate; and (3) a novel algorithm that derives statistical surfaces for input GPS uncertainties and propagates such uncertainties into final output lists. The efficiency of the proposed approaches is demonstrated through comparisons to the four commercial reverse geocoding systems and through human judgments. We envision that more advanced reverse geocoding output ranking algorithms specific to different application scenarios can be built upon this work.  相似文献   

海洋中的烃及其迁移和衰变   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

崔仙舟  尹相淳 《海岸工程》1995,14(4):25-32

对海洋中有关烃类的研究工作进行回顾和总结，分别介绍海洋中烃的来源，迁移和衰变及石油对海洋的污染。  相似文献   

尼罗罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus)不同月龄性状的主成分与判别分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

唐瞻杨  肖俊  李莉萍  朱佳杰  罗永巨  黄姻  甘西 《海洋与湖沼》2012,43(2):288-293

采用主成分与判别分析的方法,研究尼罗罗非鱼形态性状的增长规律,并判定其最佳生长季节体格与月龄的关系。选择2—5月龄尼罗罗非鱼各100尾,测量体长、头长、躯干长、体高、尾柄长、尾柄高、体宽和体重共8个性状,并对其进行主成分与判别分析。主成分分析结果表明:尼罗罗非鱼各月龄的体型特征参数间均有不同程度的正相关(P<0.05),体重与体长、体高的相关性最显著;不同月龄尼罗罗非鱼性状的主成分有所不同,主成分1:2—5月龄均相同为增重因子;主成分2:2—4月龄均为尾柄因子,而5月龄是躯干因子;主成分3:2月龄是头部因子,3—4月龄是躯干因子,5月龄是尾柄因子。通过建立判别式来判断错过最佳生长季节尼罗罗非鱼的体格与大小相符的月龄,判别结果表明,总的判别准确率为99.25%,其中2—4月龄尼罗罗非鱼的判别准确率为100%。  相似文献   

Spatial and temporal variations of mesozooplankton in the Pearl River estuary, China   总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10  

K.Z. Li  J.Q. Yin  L.M. Huang  Y.H. Tan   《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2006,67(4):543-552

This paper examines spatial and temporal variations of mesozooplankton abundance, biomass and community structure during three cruises of July 2002 (summer), January 2003 (winter), and April 2003 (spring) in the Pearl River estuary, China. Zooplankton abundance and biomass fluctuated widely and showed distinct heterogeneity in the Pearl River estuary. A total of 154 species were identified during three surveys. The number of zooplankton species richness was strongly linked to salinity. Hierarchical cluster analysis identified three zooplankton groups during this study. Estuarine, neritic and pelagic groups corresponded to the upper, middle and lower reaches in the Pearl River estuary. The difference among groups could be mainly ascribed to changes in the relative contributions of the dominant species. The fluctuations in the zooplankton abundance, biomass and community structure were determined by the interactive effects of freshwater inflow, tidal and coastal currents, chlorophyll a, salinity and temperature. Significant spatial variability in the distribution of zooplankton species, abundance and biomass can be ascribed to the virtual presence of a horizontal gradient in salinity.  相似文献   

Erratum to: Relationships between intensity of the Kuroshio current in the East China Sea and the East Asian winter monsoon     

Ming Yin  Xin Li  Ziniu Xiao  Chongyin Li 《海洋学报(英文版)》2018,37(9):119-119

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Experimental Study on Sloshing Characteristics in the Elastic Tank Based on Morlet Wavelet Transform     

Mei-rong Jiang  Wen-jun Zhong  Jian-xing Yu  Pei-lin Liu  Han-jun Yin  Shou-dong Wang  Yu-xiang Ma 《中国海洋工程》2018,32(4):400-412

Hydroelastic effect of sloshing is studied through an experimental investigation. Different excitation frequencies are considered with low-fill-depth and large amplitude. Morlet wavelet transform is introduced to analyze the free surface elevations and sloshing pressures. It focuses on variations and distributions of the wavelet energy in elastic tanks. The evolutions of theoretical and experimental wavelet spectra are discussed and the corresponding Fourier spectrums are compared. Afterwards, average values of the wavelet spectra are extracted to do a quantitative study at various points. From the wavelet analysis, sloshing energies are mainly distributed around the external excitation frequency and expanded to high frequencies under violent condition. In resonance, experimental wavelet energy of the elevation in elastic tanks is obviously less than that in the rigid one; for sloshing pressures, the elastic wavelet energy close to the rigid one and conspicuous impulse is observed. It recommends engineers to concern the primary natural frequency and impulsive peak pressures.  相似文献