GPS radio holography as a tool for remote sensing of the atmosphere, mesosphere, and terrestrial surface from space     

Alexander Pavelyev  Yuei-An Liou  Christoph Reigber  Jens Wickert  Kiyoshi Igarashi  Klemens Hocke  Cheng-Yung Huang 《GPS Solutions》2002,6(1-2):100-108

GPS radio occultation (RO) signals are highly coherent and precise, and thus sufficient for holographic investigation of the atmosphere, ionosphere, and the Earth's surface from space. In principle, three-dimensional radio-holographic remote sensing is possible by using new radio holographic equations to retrieve the radio field within the atmosphere from a radio field known at some interface outside the atmosphere. A simplified two-dimensional form of the radio-holographic equations which are developed under an assumption of local spherical symmetry can be used to obtain two-dimensional radio images of the atmosphere and terrestrial surface. To achieve this, radio holograms recorded by a GPS receiver onboard a low earth orbit (LEO) satellite at two GPS frequencies can be used and focused synthetic aperture principle applied. Analysis of GPS/MET RO data is presented to show the effectiveness of a radio-holographic approach. It is shown that the amplitude of GPS radio signals (in addition to phase data) can be used to obtain detailed altitude profiles of the vertical gradient of refractivity in the atmosphere and electron density in the mesosphere. The results demonstrate the applicability of GPS radio holography for a detailed global study of the natural processes in the atmosphere and mesosphere. Electronic Publication  相似文献   

对江西晚白垩世赣州群茅店组的重新厘定   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4       下载免费PDF全文

衷存堤  徐平　肖晓林王迪文龙　天 《中国地质》2002,29(3):271-274

根据1：5万区调最新成果资料，对《江西省岩石地层》中的赣州群茅店组进行了重新厘定，在原茅店组正层型剖面上，识别出了5种不同性质的沉积界面，即沉积不整合界面、超覆不整合界面、平行不整合界面、相转变面、同相叠复面，从而将原茅店组划分为两个不同的组级岩石地层单位。按照岩石地层单位的命名原则，超覆不整合面之下的原茅店组中下部层位划归赣州群茅店组，其中发育的一套玄武岩－火山碎屑沉积岩组合单独划出，新建为陈坑火山岩段；超覆不整合面之上的原茅店组上部层位的粗碎屑沉积岩，则划归晚白垩世灌溪群宏冈组。重新厘定的茅店组仅相当于原正层型茅店组的中、下部层位，且可细分为下段、陈坑火山岩段和上段。  相似文献   

江西陆相红盆岩石地层划分与对比     

廖瑞君  衷存堤  肖晓林 《江西地质》2001,15(3):166-170

本文论述了江西陆相红盆地正式和非正式岩石地层划分的原则和方法；从构造界面、岩性岩相、古生物等7个方面阐述了陆相红盆地之间的岩石地层可进行对比。  相似文献   

Cases-97: Late-Morning Warming And Moistening Of The Convective Boundary Layer Over The Walnut River Watershed     

Margaret A. LeMone  Robert L. Grossman  Robert T. Mcmillen  Kuo-Nan Liou  S.C. Ou  Stuart Mckeen  Wayne Angevine  Kyoko Ikeda  Fei Chen 《Boundary-Layer Meteorology》2002,104(1):1-52

Aircraft, radiosonde, surface-flux, and boundary-layer windprofiler data from the Cooperative Atmosphere Surface Exchange Study's 1997 field project, CASES-97, are combined with synoptic data to study the evolution of the vertically-averaged mixed-layerpotential temperature []and mixing-ratio [Q] onthree nearly-cloudless days from 1000 CST to 1200CST (local noon is approximately 1230 CST). This was achieved through examination of the terms in the time-tendency (`budget')equations for []and [Q]. We estimate three of the terms –local time rate of change, vertical flux divergence, andhorizontal advection. For the [Q]-budget, vertical flux divergence usually dominates, buthorizontal advection is significant on one of the three days. The [Q]-budget balances for two of the three days to within the large experimental error. For the -budget,vertical flux divergence accounts for most of the morningwarming, with horizontal advection of secondary importance.The residual in the -budget has the same sign for all three days, indicating that not all the heating is accounted for. We can balance the []-budgets to within experimental error on two of the three days by correcting the vertical-flux divergence for apparent low biases in the flux measurements of one of the aircraft and in the surface fluxes, and accounting for direct heating of the mixed layer by radiative flux divergence allowing for the effects of carbonaceous aerosols. The [];-budget with these corrections also balances on the third day if horizontal gradients from synoptic maps are used to estimate the horizontal advection. However, the corrected budget for this day does not balance if the horizontal gradient in the advection term is estimated using CASES-97aircraft and radiosondes; we suggest that persistent mesoscale circulations led to an overestimate of the horizontal gradient andhence horizontal advection.  相似文献   

鄂尔多斯盆地东胜铀矿床成矿特征与成矿模式   总被引：18，自引：0，他引：18  

向伟东  方锡珩  李田港  陈晓林  庞雅庆  程华汉 《铀矿地质》2006,22(5):257-266

东胜铀矿床产于中侏罗统直罗组下段的辫状河道沉积砂体中,铀矿体受灰色砂岩与灰绿色砂岩的接触带控制。灰绿色砂岩的化学成分中硅酸盐矿物二价铁含量高是该类型砂岩呈现绿色的重要原因。在矿物组成上,灰绿色砂岩主要表现为粘土矿物总量高,特别是绿泥石含量高。岩石学、矿物学和地球化学的证据表明,东胜铀矿区存在后生还原作用。灰绿色砂岩是控矿的古氧化岩石遭受还原性流体改造的产物,后生还原作用掩盖了古氧化蚀变带,并在一定程度上起到了保矿作用。东胜地区后生还原作用在时间上和成因上与河套断陷盆地的产生和形成具有密切联系。铀在矿石中主要呈铀矿物和吸附形式存在。通过电子探针和X射线粉晶分析鉴定,确定东胜铀矿床矿石中的主要铀矿物为铀石,并含有少量钛铀矿和沥青铀矿。富矿石样品中铀石单矿物的铀铅同位素年龄集中分布于20~10 Ma之间。通过研究,建立了鄂尔多斯盆地东胜铀矿床的“多阶段铀成矿模式”,即“成岩期预富集层间渗入成矿再改造富集油气还原保护”的多阶段、多成因流体长期富集改造的铀成矿模式。  相似文献   

GPS民用导航电文CNAV的特点   总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6  

陈南  贾小林  崔先强 《全球定位系统》2006,31(1):1-7

美国政府于2004年底公布了新的GPS接口文件，文件中除了对已使用多年的导航电文（在文件中记做NAV）内容及格式进行规定以外，还规定了一种新的民用导航电文CNAV的格式和内容。介绍了两种导航电文的主要不同之处，并从导航电文的内客构成、卫星位置用户算法和电文编排方式、效率等方面，采用与旧的导航电文NAV对比的方法，分析了新导航电文CNAV的特点和性能。  相似文献   

Cirrus cloud horizontal and vertical inhomogeneity effects in a GCM     

Yu Gu  K. N. Liou 《Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics》2006,91(1-4):223-235

Summary A set of the inhomogeneity factor for high-level clouds derived from the ISCCP D1 dataset averaged over a five-year period has been incorporated in the UCLA atmospheric GCM to investigate the effect of cirrus cloud inhomogeneity on climate simulation. The inclusion of this inhomogeneous factor improves the global mean planetary albedo by about 4% simulated from the model. It also produces changes in solar fluxes and OLRs associated with changes in cloud fields, revealing that the cloud inhomogeneity not only affects cloud albedo directly, but also modifies cloud and radiation fields. The corresponding difference in the geographic distribution of precipitation is as large as 7 mm day⁻¹. Using the climatology cloud inhomogeneity factor also produces a warmer troposphere related to changes in the cloudiness and the corresponding radiative heating, which, to some extent, corrects the cold bias in the UCLA AGCM. The region around 14 km, however, is cooler associated with increase in the reflected solar flux that leads to a warmer region above. An interactive parameterization for mean effective ice crystal size based on ice water content and temperature has also been developed and incorporated in the UCLA AGCM. The inclusion of the new parameterization produces substantial differences in the zonal mean temperature and the geographic distribution of precipitation, radiative fluxes, and cloud cover with respect to the control run. The vertical distribution of ice crystal size appears to be an important factor controlling the radiative heating rate and the consequence of circulation patterns, and hence must be included in the cloud-radiation parameterization in climate models to account for realistic cloud processes in the atmosphere.  相似文献   

离子色谱法测定水果和蔬菜中硝酸盐     

佘小林孙伟  叶晓勤王茜 陶文新 《岩矿测试》2007,26(3):233-234237

利用DIONEX-2020i离子色谱仪、IonPac AS3分离柱对蔬菜和水果中硝酸盐进行测定。通过．等冀合适的前处理方法，获得纯清溶液。提出只使用分离柱，以提高灵敏度、缩短出峰时间和改善峰形。方法精密度好、检出限低、操作简便快速，用于实际样品的检测，10次测定的相对标准偏差小于2％，加标回收率为97％～98％。  相似文献   

华南6月持续性致洪暴雨与孟加拉湾对流异常活跃的关系   总被引：7，自引：1，他引：7  

许晓林  徐海明  司东 《南京气象学院学报》2007,30(4):463-471

利用NCEP/NCAR再分析逐日及逐月资料、NOAA卫星观测的向外长波辐射（Outgoing Long-wave Radiation,OLR）资料、我国160站月降水资料及华南45站逐日降水资料,分析了2005年6月华南持续性致洪暴雨的发生与孟加拉湾对流异常活跃及西太平洋副热带高压演变的关系,并对华南6月有无持续性大范围暴雨年进行合成分析,结果表明华南持续性大范围暴雨发生的年份,孟加拉湾对流相对活跃,西太平洋副高强度偏强、位置偏西;反之亦然。华南6月持续性大范围暴雨发生前,孟加拉湾对流经历了一次活跃过程,同时西太平洋副高也明显经历了一次增强西伸过程。孟加拉湾对流活跃可能通过东西向垂直环流诱使西太平洋副高增强西伸,从而对华南暴雨的形成产生影响。  相似文献   

ELEMENT COMPOSITION OF SARGASSUM THUNBEGII     

严小军  候小林  孙飚  范晓  韩丽君 《中国海洋湖沼学报》1998,(2)

ImODUcrIONSa~ll)lisalargegenerabelongingtothedassofFucales,Whosemembersaremorethan250.SargassumthunbopiiisthemostabundantwhdspedesintheYell0wScacoast,andisWdelydistributedalongtheentireChinacoastcyseng,1983).AlthoughsornestudiesonelemetSinseawtalshavebenTnadebyvariousauth0rspeanetal.,l995,Fanetal.,l996;Yamamotoetal.,l983,Whyte&Englar,l98O)theelementalcomPositioninseawedhasrareybenstudiedindetail.NeutronActivationAnalysis(NNA)isanidealmeth0dforinvestigatingtheelementalcompositioninmar…  相似文献