磴口县景观格局演变特征及生态网络构建   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

于强  岳德鹏  张启斌  吕奇  李宁  侯宏冰 《中国沙漠》2017,37(3):601-609

城市生态基础设施是城市可持续发展的基础,西部干旱区生态脆弱性大,县域尺度的生态基础设施网络是保证干旱区城市稳定与发展的重要保障。在快速城市化的背景下,选择西部典型生态脆弱区磴口县为研究区,运用景观格局指数、景观转移网络及核密度分析等方法,分析景观格局演变,在此基础上确定生态源地并分级,基于Cost Path模型提取生态廊道与生态节点,构建城市化背景下基于景观格局演变的磴口县生态基础设施网络。结果表明：2014年磴口县域景观破碎化程度高,景观生态流流动性差,城市与建设用地、荒漠灌木林地、耕地、沙漠之间的转移情况决定了磴口县整体景观变化的特征,2001-2014年共存在28种景观转移关系;基于Cost Path模型构建的县域尺度生态基础设施优化网络共包含391块生态源地、47 466条生态廊道和799个生态节点。针对干旱区构建的县域尺度的城区防护型生态网络,能够为磴口县城市化发展提供重要保障,对干旱区城市生态规划具有重要的参考价值。  相似文献   

The Neoproterozoic continental rift magmatism of the eastern Jiangnan orogen: new evidence from the mafic sheets in northern Zhejiang Province,South China     

Xiao-Xiong Ma  Chao Zhou  Qing Lv  Hong-Yan Gu  Wei-Wei Wu 《International Geology Review》2017,59(7):829-844

Massive mafic sheets were recently recognized intruding the Neoproterozoic strata in Fuyang area, eastern Jiangnan orogen. Geochronological, geochemical, and isotopic studies were carried out to understand their mantle source, crust–mantle interaction, and tectonic setting. LA-ICP-MS U-Pb zircon data indicate that the sheets were generated at 808 ± 7 Ma. The mafic sheets consist of two groups: high Ti and low Ti. They are enriched in light rare earth elements (LREE; 3.3–5.3 ppm) and show negligible Eu anomalies (δEu = 0.77–1.12). They also have strong large-ion lithophile element (LILE; Sr, K, Rb, Ba) enrichment, moderately strong high-field-strength element (HFSE) enrichment (except for Nb-Ta depletion), and positive εNd(t) (5.1–9.1). Geochemical and isotopic data indicate that the mafic sheets were generated from a depleted asthenospheric mantle source. The high-Ti mafic sheets have higher HFSE contents and less Nb-Ta depletion than the low Ti series, indicating a lower degree of partial melting and crustal contamination. The mafic sheets grew in a within-plate setting, concurrent with the ~820–750 Ma rifting events in the eastern Jiangnan orogen. They are likely related to the breakup of the Rodinia supercontinent.  相似文献   

伊犁盆地南缘有机-无机流体耦合铀成矿作用   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

丁 波刘红旭李 平王毛毛蒋宏张  晓潘澄雨修晓茜 《地质科学》2017,(3):871-894

伊犁盆地是中国西北部重要的产铀盆地,虽然前人对其成矿流体进行过较为系统的研究,但成矿流体的组分、来源等依然存在较大分歧,尤其是该区成矿流体与蚀变特征、铀成矿的内在联系研究较少。利用偏光显微镜、扫描电镜、电子探针等手段对含矿层砂岩蚀变特征进行系统分析,并通过分析流体包裹体特征、流体-围岩相互作用形成的蚀变矿物中稳定同位素的组成特征及该区构造演化特征,对有机-无机流体耦合铀成矿作用进行示踪。研究表明：该区流体包裹体主要含有气烃包裹体、液烃包裹体和盐水包裹体;与砂岩型铀矿有关的蚀变类型主要有黏土化、碳酸盐化、硅化及金属矿化,其中黏土化以高岭石化为主;高岭石δ¹⁸O_V-SMOW 为11.8‰～13.7‰,δD_V-SMOW 为-93‰～-48.3‰,与高岭石平衡流体的δ¹⁸O_{（水）V-SMOW}为-10.3‰ ～-5.1‰ ; 方解石胶结物δ¹³C^V-PDB 为-18.2‰ ～-7.2‰ , δ¹⁸O_V-PDB 为-14.5‰ ～-5.8‰ ,δ¹⁸O_V-SMOW 为15.9‰～24.9‰;黄铁矿δ³⁴S_V-CDT为-32.21‰～1.2‰。上述特征揭示,伊犁盆地南缘砂岩型铀矿成矿流体是由大气降水性质的地表水（无机）和煤系地层有机质热演化脱羧基作用产生的有机酸及伴生的CH₄ 等还原性气体（有机）两部分组成,铀矿体与蚀变矿物皆是有机-无机流体混合及其与周围砂岩相互作用的结果,且此过程伴有微生物的参与。  相似文献   

宁夏沿黄经济区蒸散量变化特征及水均衡方法验证   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

薛阳  金晓媚  朱晓倩 《水文地质工程地质》2017,(3):27-32

在干旱的内陆地区,蒸散是地表水和地下水主要的排泄方式之一,准确估算地表蒸散量为干旱区水资源合理开发利用、生态环境保护提供理论依据。基于MODIS遥感数据,应用SEBS模型估算了宁夏沿黄经济区2001—2014年的区域蒸散量,分析了其影响因素,并应用水均衡原理对蒸散量计算结果的可靠性进行了验证。结果表明:沿黄经济区的年蒸散量在2001—2014年间总体上是逐渐增加的,从2001年的434.27 mm增加为2014年的517.82 mm;研究区主要的蒸散量为耕地蒸散量,农业占据了全区近2/3的耗水量;SEBS模型与水均衡原理计算的蒸散量结果吻合度较高,很好地验证了SEBS模型计算区域地表蒸散量的可靠性。  相似文献   

南堡滩海大位移井钻井关键因素优化设计          下载免费PDF全文

朱宽亮  吕艳  胡中志  周岩  刘永辉 《探矿工程》2017,44(1):33-36

大位移井钻井实施过程中表现最为突出的问题是摩阻扭矩大,它制约着井眼轨迹的有效延伸,尤其在常规钻完井技术时表现得更为明显。冀东油田近年来基于常规钻完井技术条件下,通过对井眼轨道优化设计、钻具组合优化、摩阻扭矩精细预测与控制、井眼延伸极限评估等方面的精细研究与优化设计,有效地模拟分析和论证了南堡滩海中深层大位移井钻井井筒力学行为,提升了对大位移井钻井实践可行性认识和指导了钻完井方案的设计。在南堡滩海成功实施了几十口水平位移大于3000 m的大位移井,最大水平位移达4940 m,为南堡滩海在常规经济技术条件下大位移井的钻井实施提供了技术支持。  相似文献   

Atmospheric Disturbance Characteristics in the Lower-middle Stratosphere Inferred from Observations by the Round-Trip Intelligent Sounding System (RTISS) in China     

Yang HE  Xiaoqian ZHU  Zheng SHENG  Wei GE  Xiaoran ZHAO  Mingyuan HE 《大气科学进展》2022,39(1):131-144

Through multi-order structure function analysis and singularity measurement,the Hurst index and intermittent parameter are obtained to quantitatively describe the characteristics of atmospheric disturbance based on the round-trip intelligent sounding system(RTISS)in the lower-middle stratosphere.According to the third-order structure function,small-scale gravity waves are classified into three states:stable,unstable,and accompanied by turbulence.The evolution of gravity waves is reflected by the variation of the third-order structure function over time,and the generation of turbulence is also observed.The atmospheric disturbance intensity parameter RT is defined in this paper and contains both wave disturbance(H₁)and random intermittency(C₁).RT is considered to reflect the characteristics of atmospheric disturbance more reasonably than either of the above two alone.In addition,by obtaining the horizontal wavenumber spectrum from the flat-floating stage and the vertical wavenumber spectrum from the ascending and descending stages at the height range of18-24 km,we found that when the gravity wave activity is significantly enhanced in the horizontal direction,the amplitude of the vertical wavenumber spectrum below is significantly larger,which shows a significant impact of gravity wave activity on the atmospheric environment below.  相似文献   

东亚地区一次切断低压引起的平流层、对流层交换数值模拟研究   总被引：16，自引：4，他引：12  

杨健  吕达仁 《大气科学》2003,27(6):1031-1044

用中尺度模式(MM5)模拟研究东亚地区(网格中心45°N,120°E)一次强切断低压过程(2000年4月8日～12日)引起的平流层、对流层交换.用Wei公式计算此次过程由平流层到对流层的净交换量为5.0×1014 kg,平均交换通量为-0.72×10-3 kg m-2 s-1.地面锋与高空锋的相互作用,在急流入口处和高空锋区出现对流层顶折叠,并引起平流层、对流层物质交换,其中空气的水平运动起主要作用.利用历史天气图统计东亚地区(20～70°N,80～180°E)切断低压的年平均个数为60,占北半球极区类型切断低压的52%.由此,推断东亚地区的平流层、对流层交换对整个北半球的平流层、对流层交换贡献很大.  相似文献   

城市地籍测量中GPS技术的应用研究     

赵根庄  马旭霞  满树徐  吕从 《国土资源信息化》2005,(6):26-28,15

GPS新技术的出现,可以高精度地测定地物点的坐标。特别是应用RTK新技术,依据一定数量的基准控制点,便可以高精度并快速地测定界址点及地物点的坐标。本文尝试利用GPS技术在城市地籍测量方面的应用做一些探讨。  相似文献   

面向CORS的精密定位服务中间件平台的设计     

李健吕志平  李建伟李凯峰 《测绘科学与工程》2007,27(3):42-46

目前，卫星定位连续运行参考站网相关技术的应用与研究是测绘界研究的热点之一，国内外各类CORS正相继建立。本文针对CORS服务体系的数据共享和服务共享问题，从软件工程角度对CORS的数据采集、处理、计算、分发、服务等方面作了进一步梳理，建立了较完备的网络体系和软件体系模型，提供了一个较完备的面向CORS的中间件平台设计思路。本文的设计成果和实践，可有效地改善当前CORS领域软件开发现状中软件和研究成果保密、软件功能单一、无统一的开发标准和架构模型等问题，具有一定的实用价值。  相似文献   

Geochemical and statistical analysis of trace metals in atmospheric particulates in Wuhan, central China   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Weiwei Lv  Yanxin Wang  Xavier Querol  Xinguo Zhuang  Andrés Alastuey  Angel López  Mar Viana 《Environmental Geology》2006,51(1):121-132

The geochemical characteristics of trace metals (As, Cr, Co, Cd, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, V and Zn) in PM10 in Wuhan, the biggest metropolitan in central China, as well as their sources and contributions were analyzed. As PM10 has been the principal contaminant of air in Wuhan for years, concentrations of trace metals were measured in PM10 using high-volume samplers at one urban (Hankou) and one industrial (Changqian) site in Wuhan between September 2003 and September 2004. Based on the results, PM10 in Wuhan is characterized by relatively high levels of As, Cd, Mn, Pb and Zn compared with other Asian cities. The time-series of these elements indicated that As, Cu and Zn at both sites have similar trends, whereas Pb levels showed different patterns due to different emission sources. Factor analysis was applied to the datasets focusing on the apportionment of the mass of selected trace metals. Results indicate that Pb, Cd and As have a common source (smelting) at both sites, whereas the sources of Ni vary from coal combustion and steel in Changqian to mineral and traffic in Hankou.  相似文献