Identification of Anomalous Aluminium Contents in Surface and Ground Water in the Alba Territory (NW Italy)     

Massimo Civita  Adriano Fiorucci  Roberta Miè 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2001,25(2-3):431-439

Aluminium was determined in surface and ground waters in the Alba region of NW Italy to provide information on natural and anthropogenic sources of contamination. Determinations were made by a spectrophotometric method based on the aluminium-pyrocatechol complex. The total aluminium content of waters was determined as well as the toxic form of monomeric aluminium, obtained from samples that had been passed through 0.20 μm cellulose filters to remove colloidal and particulate material. Results were correlated with mortality data associated with Alzheimer's disease. There appeared to be a correlation between mortality data and areas having the highest aluminium content of water.  相似文献   

Morphological response to river engineering and management in alluvial channels in Italy   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

Nicola Surian  Massimo Rinaldi   《Geomorphology》2003,50(4):307-326

In response to various types of human disturbance, most Italian rivers have experienced considerable channel adjustment during the last centuries and in particular in the last decades. This paper reviews all existing published studies and available data, and aims to reconstruct a general outline of the main channel adjustments that have occurred in Italian rivers during the past 100 years.Two main types of channel adjustment have been recognized: (a) incision, which is commonly on the order of 3–4 m, but in some cases is even more than 10 m; (b) narrowing, with channel width reduction up to 50% or more. In some reaches, these adjustments have led to changes in channel pattern in particular from braided to wandering.Such channel adjustments are due to several types of human intervention, particularly sediment extraction, dams and channelization. A strong temporal relationship (specifically, short reaction times) between human disturbance and channel adjustment can be inferred, but trends of adjustment are available for only a few rivers (e.g. the Po, the Arno and the Piave Rivers). These trends show that incision and/or narrowing are more intense immediately after the disturbance and then slow and become asymptotic; the same trends also suggest that larger rivers could have longer relaxation times.The results of this study are synthesised in a general classification scheme that summarises the main styles of adjustment observed in Italian rivers. According to the scheme, braided rivers adjust through prevalent narrowing with varying rates of incision, whereas single-thread rivers adjust mainly through a more pronounced incision accompanied by various amounts of narrowing. The scheme, representing initial and final (present) morphologies and not including intermediate stages of channel adjustment, will need to be tested on the basis of more detailed data to have a wider application both to the Italian context and to fluvial systems elsewhere, affected by similar types of human disturbance causing a reduction of sediment supply.  相似文献   

Preface | Physics and Chemistry of the Earth,Parts A/B/C - Volume 27, Issue 36     

Massimo Arattano 《Physics and Chemistry of the Earth》2002,27(36):1533

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Tectono‐sedimentary evolution of the northern Iranian Plateau: insights from middle–late Miocene foreland‐basin deposits          下载免费PDF全文

Paolo Ballato  Francesca Cifelli  Ghasem Heidarzadeh  Mohammad R. Ghassemi  Andrew D. Wickert  Jamshid Hassanzadeh  Guillaume Dupont‐Nivet  Philipp Balling  Masafumi Sudo  Gerold Zeilinger  Axel K. Schmitt  Massimo Mattei  Manfred R. Strecker 《Basin Research》2017,29(4):417-446

Sedimentary basins in the interior of orogenic plateaus can provide unique insights into the early history of plateau evolution and related geodynamic processes. The northern sectors of the Iranian Plateau of the Arabia–Eurasia collision zone offer the unique possibility to study middle–late Miocene terrestrial clastic and volcaniclastic sediments that allow assessing the nascent stages of collisional plateau formation. In particular, these sedimentary archives allow investigating several debated and poorly understood issues associated with the long‐term evolution of the Iranian Plateau, including the regional spatio‐temporal characteristics of sedimentation and deformation and the mechanisms of plateau growth. We document that middle–late Miocene crustal shortening and thickening processes led to the growth of a basement‐cored range (Takab Range Complex) in the interior of the plateau. This triggered the development of a foreland‐basin (Great Pari Basin) to the east between 16.5 and 10.7 Ma. By 10.7 Ma, a fast progradation of conglomerates over the foreland strata occurred, most likely during a decrease in flexural subsidence triggered by rock uplift along an intraforeland basement‐cored range (Mahneshan Range Complex). This was in turn followed by the final incorporation of the foreland deposits into the orogenic system and ensuing compartmentalization of the formerly contiguous foreland into several intermontane basins. Overall, our data suggest that shortening and thickening processes led to the outward and vertical growth of the northern sectors of the Iranian Plateau starting from the middle Miocene. This implies that mantle‐flow processes may have had a limited contribution toward building the Iranian Plateau in NW Iran.  相似文献   

A conceptual and numerical model for groundwater management: a case study on a coastal aquifer in southern Tuscany, Italy   总被引：5，自引：3，他引：2  

Piero Barazzuoli  Monica Nocchi  Roberto Rigati  Massimo Salleolini 《Hydrogeology Journal》2008,16(8):1557-1576

Ongoing hydrogeological research aims to develop a correct management model for the Plio-Pleistocene multi-aquifer system of the Albegna River coastal plain (southern Tuscany, Italy); overexploitation of this aquifer for irrigation and tourism has caused seawater intrusion. The conceptual model is based on field and laboratory data collected during the 1995–2003 period. Meteoric infiltration and flows from the adjoining carbonate aquifer recharge the aquifer. Natural outflow occurs through a diffuse flow into the sea and river; artificial outflow occurs through intensive extraction of groundwater from wells. Water exchanges in the aquifer occur naturally (leakage, closing of aquitard) and artificially (multiscreened wells). The aquifer was represented by a three-dimensional finite element model using the FEFLOW numerical code. The model was calibrated for steady-state and transient conditions by matching computed and measured piezometric levels (February 1995–February 1996). The model helped establish that seawater intrusion is essentially due to withdrawals near the coast during the irrigation season and that it occurs above all in the Osa-Albegna sector, as well as along the river that at times feeds the aquifer. The effects of hypothetical aquifer exploitation were assessed in terms of water budget and hydraulic head evolution.  相似文献   

The filters for EPIC: Optimized design     

Nicola La Palombara  Carlo Musso  Massimo Conte  Marco Barbera 《Astrophysics and Space Science》1996,239(2):281-296

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On the reliability of the Th-U dating method applied to young volcanic rocks — reply     

Giuseppe Capaldi  Massimo Cortini  Raimondo Pece 《Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research》1985,26(3-4)

Hemond and Condomines (1985) claim that our results on zero age volcanic materials of Vesuvius and Etna are incorrect, that no disequilibrium exists in those materials and that the validity of the ²³⁰Th-²³⁸U dating method is thus confirmed. We show that other researchers obtained similar results in zero age rocks. The validity of the ²³⁰Th-²³⁸U dating method is simply ruled out by a comparison of the ages obtained by this method with those obtained on the same samples by different methods.  相似文献   

New material of Laophis crotaloides,an enigmatic giant snake from Greece,with an overview of the largest fossil European vipers     

Georgios L. Georgalis  Zbigniew Szyndlar  Benjamin P. Kear  Massimo Delfino 《Swiss Journal of Geoscience》2016,109(1):103-116

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Stress interaction between seismic and volcanic activity at Mt Etna     

Nathalie Feuillet  Massimo Cocco  Carla Musumeci  Concetta Nostro 《Geophysical Journal International》2006,164(3):697-718

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Origin and timing of the post-Variscan gabbro–granite complex of Porto (Western Corsica)     

Maria Rosaria Renna  Riccardo Tribuzio  Massimo Tiepolo 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》2007,154(5):493-517

The post-Variscan complex of Porto consists of metaluminous to slightly peraluminous A-type biotite granites mingled with gabbro-dioritic rocks, and late dykes with basaltic to trachyandesitic composition. U-Pb zircon dating by LA-ICP-MS on two mafic intrusive samples constrains the time of the gabbro–granite crystallisation at 281 ± 3 Ma and 283 ± 2 Ma. Hornblende ⁴⁰Ar-³⁹Ar ages from a late trachyandesite dyke date the dyking event at 280 ± 2 Ma, which is within error the U-Pb zircon ages of the intrusives. Biotite granites show variable major and trace element compositions and similar initial ε_Nd (−0.3 to +0.9). Whole rock chemistry variations and trace element compositions of plagioclase and allanite indicate that the granites are genetically linked, essentially through fractional crystallisation of feldspars and minor allanite. On the basis of whole-rock chemistry e.g. initial ε_Nd +4.9 to +1.7 and trace element clinopyroxene compositions, we have ascertained that the mafic intrusives and basic dykes formed from isotopically depleted mantle source-derived melts with similar trace element signature. These basic melts experienced slightly different evolutionary histories, controlled by fractional crystallisation and crustal contamination, mainly by the acid magma that gave rise to the associated biotite granites, but also by the enclosing older Variscan granitoids. U-Pb zircon data suggest that the Porto complex was affected by hydrothermal fluid circulation at 259 ± 9 Ma.  相似文献