全文获取类型
收费全文 | 992篇 |
免费 | 193篇 |
国内免费 | 291篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 44篇 |
大气科学 | 340篇 |
地球物理 | 247篇 |
地质学 | 480篇 |
海洋学 | 90篇 |
天文学 | 29篇 |
综合类 | 123篇 |
自然地理 | 123篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 7篇 |
2023年 | 12篇 |
2022年 | 56篇 |
2021年 | 49篇 |
2020年 | 52篇 |
2019年 | 72篇 |
2018年 | 67篇 |
2017年 | 75篇 |
2016年 | 80篇 |
2015年 | 54篇 |
2014年 | 76篇 |
2013年 | 43篇 |
2012年 | 59篇 |
2011年 | 62篇 |
2010年 | 53篇 |
2009年 | 57篇 |
2008年 | 35篇 |
2007年 | 52篇 |
2006年 | 41篇 |
2005年 | 49篇 |
2004年 | 32篇 |
2003年 | 26篇 |
2002年 | 27篇 |
2001年 | 21篇 |
2000年 | 30篇 |
1999年 | 68篇 |
1998年 | 43篇 |
1997年 | 31篇 |
1996年 | 30篇 |
1995年 | 20篇 |
1994年 | 20篇 |
1993年 | 20篇 |
1992年 | 18篇 |
1991年 | 10篇 |
1990年 | 8篇 |
1989年 | 8篇 |
1988年 | 4篇 |
1987年 | 2篇 |
1986年 | 1篇 |
1985年 | 1篇 |
1984年 | 1篇 |
1983年 | 1篇 |
1982年 | 1篇 |
1980年 | 1篇 |
1958年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有1476条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
921.
1970—2018年秦岭南北冷季降雪量时空变化及其影响因素 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
基于72个气象站点逐日观测数据,对1970/1971—2018/2019年秦岭南北冷季(11月~次年5月)降水类型(降雪、降雨和雨夹雪)进行识别;重点关注降雪时空变化特征,探讨降雪与气温、湿球温度的响应关系;依据“夏季-秋季-冬季”Niño 3.4区海温异常状态,细化4种不同发展过程的厄尔尼诺-南方涛动(ENSO)事件,分析降雪异常与不同ENSO事件的对应关系。结果表明:① 相比气候平均态(1970—2000年),1990—2018年,秦岭南坡(山地暖温带)降雪量下降了3.1 mm,基本与关中平原降雪量(17.1 mm)持平;② 空间趋势上,低海拔河谷地带降雪量以年代波动为主,山地高海拔地区为降雪下降区;③ 秦岭高山地区气温或湿球温度每升高1.0℃,降雪量分别下降23.1 mm和24.3 mm;从地带性角度分析,由北向南气温或湿球温度每升高1.0℃,秦岭南北降雪量分别下降3.0 mm和2.8 mm;④ 当厄尔尼诺/拉尼娜持续型发生时,关中平原降雪异常偏多;当拉尼娜发展型发生时,秦岭山地和大巴山区降雪异常偏少。当厄尔尼诺发展型发生时,秦岭南北降雪异常呈现“东西分异”,秦岭山地东部和关中平原为降雪异常偏少区。 相似文献
922.
植被覆盖度是监测生态系统及其功能的关键参数,如何提高大区域植被覆盖度的反演精度,对生态脆弱区环境可持续发展至关重要。本研究基于人工神经网络、支持向量回归和随机森林等机器学习方法,利用无人机、Worldview-2与Landsat 8 OLI遥感数据,对科尔沁沙地植被覆盖度进行多尺度反演。结果表明:随机森林模型比人工神经网络、支持向量回归模型表现佳,可在单元(试验区)、区域(研究区)尺度上较高精度地反演沙地的植被覆盖度,反演值与无人机实测值均在线性水平上呈显著相关(P<0.01);在单元、区域尺度上,构建的植被覆盖度反演模型测试集R2分别为0.84、0.80,MSE分别为0.0145、0.0370,一致性指数d分别为0.9576、0.8991。利用多源遥感数据和机器学习方法,通过局部区域的高精度反演逐步实现低空间分辨率遥感影像的大区域植被覆盖度反演,不仅可有效提高沙地植被覆盖度的反演精度(R2=0.78,大于0.63),也为区域生态环境监测与生态系统健康评价提供支持。 相似文献
923.
Weili Duan Bin He Kaoru Takara Pingping Luo Daniel Nover Yosuke Yamashiki Wenrui Huang 《Natural Hazards》2014,73(3):1255-1267
During July 11–14, 2012, deadly floods and landslides triggered by a series of unprecedented heavy rains hit Kyushu, Japan, causing at least 32 deaths and around 400,000 evacuations. We focus on synoptic anomalies identified after inspecting rainfall patterns and documenting the conditions associated with this tragic event using data combined from the Global Rainfall Map in Near Real Time data, the NCEP/NCAR Reanalysis dataset, and the global forecast system. Rainfall maps indicated that there were many heavy rains in Kyushu in these days and this disaster was associated with the pattern of forecasts and standardized anomalies. A weather trough with positive height anomalies appeared, the center of which moved to the north of Japan over this period, which might cause wind anomalies and whereby lots of water vapor were transported to Kyushu area with up to 90 m s?1, and high values of precipitable water formed with up to 60 mm. These results suggest that a larger-scale pattern is conducive for heavy rainfall and the anomalies put the pattern in context as to the potential for an extreme rainfall event, which can provide insights and methods for predicting extreme events’ or something similar. 相似文献
924.
Oceanic noise is the background interference in sonar performance prediction and evaluation at high sea states. Statistics of underwater ambient noise during Typhoons Soulik and Nida were analyzed on the basis of experimental measurements conducted in a deep area of the Philippine Sea and the South China Sea. Generated linear regression, frequency correlation matrix (FCM), Burr distribution and Gumbel distribution were described for the analysis of correlation with environmental parameters including wind speed (WS), significant wave height (SWH), and the inter-frequency relationship and probability density function of noise levels (NLs). When the typhoons were quite close to the receivers, the increment of NLs exceeded 10 dB. Whilst ambient noise was completely dominated by wind agitation, NLs were proportional to the cubic and quintic functions of WS and SWH, respectively. The fitted results between NLs and oceanic parameters were different for “before typhoon” and “after typhoon”. The fitted slopes of linear regression showed a linear relationship with the logarithm of frequency. The average observed typhoon-generated NLs were 5 dB lower than the Wenz curve at the same wind force due to the insufficiently developed sea state or the delay between NLs and WS. The cross-correlation coefficient of FCM, which can be utilized in the identification of noise sources in different bands, exceeded 0.8 at frequencies higher than 250 Hz. Furthermore, standard deviation increased with frequency. The kurtosis was equal to 3 at >400 Hz approximately. The characteristics of NLs showed good agreement with the results of FCM. 相似文献
925.
926.
Kinetic Alfven waves (KAWs) driven by the diamagnetic drift instability that is excited by the density inhomogeneity in low-β plasmas, such as plasmas in the auroral region, are investigated by adopting the particle aspect analysis and loss-cone distribution function. The results obtained in this paper indicate that the propagation and evolution of kinetic Alfven waves decrease and the kinetic Alfven wave excitation becomes not easier with increasing loss-cone index J. But the spatial scales of the perpendicular perturbation driving kinetic Alfven waves have a decreasing tendency with the larger values of J, which perhaps is in relation with the decreasing width of loss-cone. A single hump appears in the plots of the growth rate of the instability when J=2. But the hump cannot emerge when J=0 or J=1. The density inhomogeneity of ions plays an important role in driving KAWs and it cannot be ignored. KAWs can be easier driven and KAWs can propagate and evolve faster with the increasing level of density inhomogeneity. However, the range of the perpendicular wave number of the wave instability decreases, namely, the longer the scale of perpendicular disturbance the easier the excitation of KAW. As the density inhomogeneity increases, the tendency of numerical solutions of the dispersion relation is similar to that obtained by the kinetic theory and Maxwellian distribution function (Duan and Li, 2004). But the profiles of the plots of numerical solutions are different. This means that the velocity distribution function of particles is important for KAW driven in magnetoplasmas, especially in the active regions of the magnetosphere, such as auroral region, and plasma sheet boundary. 相似文献
927.
B.Y. Duan Y.Y. Qiu Y.X. Su W.L. Wang R.D. Nan B. Peng 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2001,278(1-2):237-242
An innovative design for a feed support structure for the next generation large radio telescope, based on the idea of integrating
mechanical, electronic and optical technologies(OPTOMECHATRONICS), is considered. Theoretical analyses and simulations are
carried out. A 5 m experimental model is built to demonstrate the idea.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
928.
Based on DNA extraction and optimization of random amplified reaction (RAPD) to the gametophytes and sporophytes of Kelp “901”
strain, genetic study on variation was conducted to its parents and offsprings of F6, F7, F8, and F9 generation. RAPD results have shown that among 30 selected primers for gametophytes, 297 loci ranging from 200 to 3 000 bp
were obtained in the average of 9.9 loci for each primer. This indicated a high polymorphic rate with RAPD detection. UPGMA
(unweighted pair-group method arithmetic average) analysis showed that each male and female gametophyte of a generation could
be clustered into one pair separately. The genetic distances of the Kelp 901 generation were 0.3212–0.4767, and the maximum
was between F7 and F8 (0.4767). Identity analysis showed that F6 generation was more close to the female parent (0.6593), and F7 generation was more close to the male parent (0.578 8). To the sporophytes study in 24 selected primers for RAPD amplification,
191 loci ranging from 230–2800 bp were obtained, in the average to each primer of 8.0 loci. The heterozygosity to six populations
were male parent (0.2239), female parent (0.1072), F6 (0.2164), F7(0.2286), F8(0.2296) and F9(0.3172). The nearest genetic distance was 0.083 5(F8, F9). Total heterozygosity (HT) of F6, F7, F8 and F9 generations was 0.3186, the average heterozygosity (HS) for F6, F7, F8 and F9 generations was 0.2480, and deduced coefficient of population differentiation (Gst) was 22.2%. Six sequence characterized amplified regions (SCAR) were preliminary screened through RAPD analysis. It needed
to be verified in detail as they are significant for molecular marker assistance in breeding and selectingLaminaria. 相似文献
929.
930.
MULTI-SCALE DECOMPOSITION OF BOUGUER GRAVITY ANOMALY AND SEISMIC ACTIVITY IN NORTH CHINA 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Fang Shengming Zhang Xiankang Jia Shixu Duan Yonghong Yang Zhuoxin Qiu Shuyan 《大地测量与地球动力学》2003,23(Z1)
1 IntroductionThecrustalstructureofNorthChinahasbeenstudiedalotwithgravitymethod[1 ,2 ] .Theresultsareundoubtedlyofgreatsignificancetoabetterun derstandingofthecrustalstructureofthisregion .Butsofar,neithervertical/lateraldistributionscalesnorcharacteristicsofanomalousdensitybodiesofrockmediaintheregionhavebeenrevealedsystem aticallyintermsofrockdensity .Assurfacegravityanomalyreflectstheoveralleffectofgravityanoma liesofsubsurfaceanomalousgeologicalbodiesatdif ferentdepths,ondifferentscales… 相似文献