Age of the Solomon Sea Basin from magnetic lineations     

Masato Joshima  Yoshihisa Okuda  Fumitoshi Murakami  Kiyoyuki Kishimoto  Eiichi Honza 《Geo-Marine Letters》1987,6(4):229-234

Magnetic anomalies measured in the central to western half of the Solomon Sea, when considered with other magnetic data, reveal the existence of linear patterns. Magnetic lineation anomaly models of the Cenozoic, 65 to 0 Ma, suggest that an age between 34 and 28 Ma and a half-rate spreading speed of 5.8 cm/yr for the northern flank of a former spreading center best fits our present magnetic data in the Solomon Sea Basin. Heat flow and bathymetry data support this preferred model.  相似文献   

T_BB资料揭示的亚澳季风区季节转换及亚洲夏季风建立的特征   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

何金海  朱乾根  M. Murakami 《热带气象学报》1996,12(1):34-42

发展了一个用于台风路径预报的初始场人造台风方案。该方案除包含对称台风环流外,也考虑了非对称风的作用。使用双向移动套网格模式作的试验预报结果表明,初始场中引入人造台风后能明显提高径预报的水平。  相似文献   

NATURE OF PRECIPITATION AND ACTIVITY OF CUMULUS CONVECTION DURING THE 1991 MEIYU SEASON OF CHANGJIANG-HUAIHE RIVER BASIN          下载免费PDF全文

陆尔  丁一汇 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》1998,(1)

Seasonal variability regarding the nature of precipitation and the activity of cumulus convectionduring the 1991 Meiyu season of Changjiang-Huaihe River Basin(Jianghuai)has been investigatedby calculating apparent heat source/apparent moisture sink and analyzing TBB(cloud-topblackbody radiation temperature)data.It is found that three periods of strong ascending motionduring the Meiyu season lead to three episodes of heavy rain,and the latent heat due to theprecipitation is of the sole heat source of the atmosphere.The nature of precipitation showsdistinct seasonal variability,from frontal precipitation of the first episode to the extremely strongconvective precipitation of the third episode.TBB field of East Asia may well reflect not only theintensity of convection and rainfall,but also the movement of rain belt and convection belt.In thewhole Meiyu season.convection belt mainly stays in Jianghuai.but may shift within the domain ofEast Asia.Its locating in Jianghuai or not determines the maintenance or break of Meiyu.In thethird episode,the narrow convection belt over Jianghuai is mainly caused by southwest monsoonwhich takes moist and convective atmosphere from tropical ocean.  相似文献   

Vertical structure of hard X-ray flare     

S. Tsuneta  T. Takakura  N. Nitta  K. Ohki  K. Makishima  T. Murakami  M. Oda  Y. Ogawara 《Solar physics》1983,86(1-2):313-321

This paper presents studies of the vertical structure of hard X-ray flares for two contrasting examples. The 1981 May 13 flare contained a coronal hard X-ray source which was located above 50000 km above the photosphere. On the other hand, the 1981 July 20 flare had a chromospheric double source structure in the initial phase. Electrons in this case were able to stream freely from the corona to the chromosphere.  相似文献   

Outflow of water from Funka Bay,Hokkaido, during early spring     

Hideo Miyake  Iori Tanaka  Takashi Murakami 《Journal of Oceanography》1988,44(4):163-170

Observations were made to study the oceanographic structure of the dense water formation and its outflow from Funka Bay, Hokkaido, during early spring. The winter Funka Bay water, which was transformed from the warm water of the Tsugaru Current, due to cooling and deep convection during the winter, flowed from the bay, while forming a frontal structure. The width and inclination of the density front were about 3 n. miles and 1.4×10^?2, respectively, during the early spring of 1982. These values roughly coincided with calculated values of 2.6 n. miles and 1.7×10^?2 using the sill flow model proposed by Whiteheadet al. (1974). Observed current speeds and directions were also similar to those predicted by the model. The renewal time of bay water with this flow was estimated to be about 51 days, which is consistent with the results of previous studies.  相似文献   

Retrieval of chlorophyll-a concentration via linear combination of ADEOS-II Global Imager data     

Robert Frouin  Pierre-Yves Deschamps  Lydwine Gross-Colzy  Hiroshi Murakami  Takashi Y. Nakajima 《Journal of Oceanography》2006,62(3):331-337

Top-of-atmosphere reflectance measured above the ocean in the visible and near infrared, after correction for molecular scattering, may be linearly combined to retrieve surface chlorophyll-a abundance directly, without explicit correction for aerosol scattering and absorption. The coefficients of the linear combination minimize the perturbing effects, which are modeled by a polynomial, and they do not depend on geometry. The technique has been developed for Global Imager (GLI) spectral bands centered at 443, 565, 667, and 866 nm, but it is applicable to other sets of spectral bands. Theoretical performance is evaluated from radiation-transfer simulations for a wide range of geophysical and angular conditions. Using a polynomial with exponents of −2, −1, and 0 to determine the coefficients, the residual influence of the atmosphere on the linear combination is within ±0.001 in most cases, allowing chlorophyll-a abundance to be retrieved with a root-mean-squared (RMS) error of 8.4% in the range 0.03–3 mgm⁻³. Application of the method to simulated GLI imagery shows that estimated and actual chlorophyll-a abundance are in agreement, with an average RMS difference of 32.1% and an average bias of −2.2% (slightly lower estimated values). The advantage of the method resides in its simplicity, flexibility, and rapidity of execution. Knowledge of aerosol amount and type is avoided. There is no need for look-up tables of aerosol optical properties. Accuracy is adequate, but depends on the polynomial representation of the perturbing effects and on the bio-optical model selected to relate the linear combination to chlorophyll-a abundance. The sensitivity of the linear combination to chlorophyll-a abundance can be optimized, and the method can be extended to the retrieval of other bio-optical variables.  相似文献   

Algorithm and validation of sea surface temperature observation using MODIS sensors aboard terra and aqua in the western North Pacific   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Kohtaro Hosoda  Hiroshi Murakami  Futoki Sakaida  Hiroshi Kawamura 《Journal of Oceanography》2007,63(2):267-280

A regional algorithm to estimate SST fields in the western North Pacific, where small oceanographic disturbance are often found, has been developed using Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometers (MODIS) aboard Terra and Aqua. Its associated algorithm, which includes cloud screening and SST estimation, is based on an algorithm for the Global Imager (GLI) aboard Advanced Earth Observing Satellite-II (ADEOS-II) and is tuned for MODIS sensors. For atmospheric correction, we compare Multi-Channel SST (MCSST), Nonlinear SST (NLSST), Water Vapor SST (WVSST) and Quadratic SST (QDSST) techniques. For NLSST, four first-guess SSTs are investigated, including the values for MCSST, climatology with two different spatial resolutions, and near-real-time objective analysis. The results show that the NLSST method using high-resolution climatological SST as a first-guess has both good quality and high efficiency. The differences of root-mean-square error (RMSE) between the NLSST models using low-resolution climatology and those using high-resolution climatology are up to 0.25 K. RMSEs of the new algorithm are 0.70 K/0.65 K for daytime (Aqua/Terra) and 0.65 K/0.66 K for nighttime, respectively. Diurnal warming and the stratification of the ocean surface layer under low wind are discussed.  相似文献   

Degradation of crude oils byPseudomonas sp. in enriched seawater medium     

Akihiko Murakami  Kazunobu Suzuki  Akiko Yamane  Tadao Kusama 《Journal of Oceanography》1985,41(5):337-344

Microbial degradation of five crude oils such as Arabian light, Berri, Murban, Khafji and Minas crude oil by a pure bacterial strain,Pseudomonas sp. isolated from the sea water sampled at Kawasaki Harbor in Tokyo Bay, was studied experimentally in the enriched seawater medium.The degradation of crude oils was determined in total residual oil and in four fractions of saturated, aromatics, asphaltene and column residue by use of the column chromatography with activated alumina.The saturated fraction was shown to be most biodegradable. The aromatics followed for all five crude oils examined and the asphaltene was biodegradable to some extent. The column residue was not apparently degraded byPseudomonas sp. within 30 days. Each of Arabian light, Berri or Murban crude oil was degraded from 59 to 63.5 %, Khafji crude oil 49 % and Minas crude oil, solid at room temperature, only 33 %. Degradation rate of the five crude oils was determined to be in a range from 2.88 to 17.3 mg-oil 1^–1 hr^–1 or from 6.0×10^–12 to 1.56×10^–10 mg-oil cell^–1 hr^–1. Relative degradation ofn-paraffins of different carbon numbers in the saturated fraction was found to be similar regardless of carbon number for the five crude oils.  相似文献   

Convergent tectonics in the Huon Peninsula region,Papua New Guinea     

H. L. Davies  J. Lock  D. L. Tiffin  E. Honza  Y. Okuda  F. Murakami  K. Kisimoto 《Geo-Marine Letters》1987,7(3):143-152

The anticlinal nappe which forms the Huon Peninsula and adjacent ranges extends offshore as the Huon Ridge. The frontal thrust of the nappe is the Ramu-Markham Fault (onshore) and a deformation front along the line of the Markham Canyon (offshore). The timing and geometry of the Finisterre arc-continent collision is controversial, and the origin of the Finsch Deep is unresolved.  相似文献   

Age of the Solomon Sea Basin from magnetic lineations     

Masato Joshima  Yoshihisa Okuda  Fumitoshi Murakami  Kiyoyuki Kishimoto  Eiichi Honza 《Geo-Marine Letters》1986,6(4):229-234

Magnetic anomalies measured in the central to western half of the Solomon Sea, when considered with other magnetic data, reveal the existence of linear patterns. Magnetic lineation anomaly models of the Cenozoic, 65 to 0 Ma, suggest that an age between 34 and 28 Ma and a half-rate spreading speed of 5.8 cm/yr for the northern flank of a former spreading center best fits our present magnetic data in the Solomon Sea Basin. Heat flow and bathymetry data support this preferred model.  相似文献