The Momentum Turbulent Counter-Gradient Transport in Jet-like Flows   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

V. N. Lykossov 《大气科学进展》1992,9(2):191-200

Ⅰ. INTRODUCTIONIt is very well known from the observations that some atmospheric motions are accompanied by jets in the boundary layer, for example, breezes and circulations in the mountain valleys (Gutman, 1969); nocturnal increasing of wind (Byzova et al., 1989); cross-equatorial flow during the summer Indian monsoon (Das, 1986) and others. One of the important questions concerning a mathematical modelling of such motions is the problem of the turbulent closure of the equations set which describes the jet dynamics. It is still popular to use for the momentum turbulent flow (u＇w＇) a closure, based within the framework of K-theory on the Boussinesq hypothesis  相似文献   

热液蚀变火山岩中金和银的活化（实验数据）     

Zhatn.  N 王立华 《国外矿床地质》1995,(4):76-77

  相似文献   

矿产微生物勘探法在美国加州梅斯基特金矿区的应用效果   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

N.L.Parduhn  徐年生 《黄金地质》1993,(2)

近几年来,利用土壤中特有的蜡状芽孢杆菌寻找金矿已获得成功。本文介绍的是应用蜡状芽孢杆菌、壤中金及杂酚油植物金测量的地球化学方法在加州南部梅斯基特浸染型金矿上的试点测量结果。结果表明,蜡状芽孢杆菌孢子密度的增大与已知隐伏浸染型金矿的位量相对应,根据壤中金的含量圈出了地表和深部矿体的走向(但依杂酚油植物中的金,仅能圈定地表的矿化露头)。欲想在本区(极度干旱)寻找隐伏金矿并使之见效,则应在地表植被之下采集土壤样品,分析其金和蜡状芽孢杆菌孢子的含量。  相似文献   

中元古代与新元古代期间碳酸盐岩组分的演化     

Andrej V.Sochava  Victor N.Podkovyrov  张富革 《世界地质》1993,(1)

中元古代与新元古代期间平均组分变化的主要趋势是在对采自乌拉尔,西伯利亚地台及其褶皱带的里菲期、文德期及早寒武世碳酸盐岩1277个样品的化学分析基础上建立起来的。从下里菲统到上里菲统,白云石/石灰石的比例递减,并且在文德统中重新升  相似文献   

(哈萨克斯坦北部)科克切塔夫地块变质岩锆石和石榴石中的金刚石、柯石英及共生矿物包体     

N.V.Sobolev  曲玮 《世界地质》1993,(1)

柯克切塔夫地块中的超高压变质岩石有两个产地,二者相距15km。超高压变质岩石以石榴黑云片麻岩和片岩、辉石碳酸盐岩及石榴辉石岩为代表。锆石中可含有微粒金刚石(5～20μ)和柯石英包体,而石榴石中仅含金刚石。作为石榴石包体的金刚石常与云母片和金红石颗粒共生,多为八面体、立方八面体、立方体和多晶集合体。石榴石和锆石中也含有单斜辉石、蓝晶石、金红石和石榴石包体。  相似文献   

Deriving TDS values in coarse sediments from long normal and electromagnetic logs     

Van Meir N  Lebbe L 《Ground water》2003,41(1):33-40

This paper presents an empirical relationship of quantitatively linked electromagnetic (EM) borehole recordings of the total dissolved solids (TDS) in pore water in the Quaternary deposits of the Belgian coastal plain. First, the long normal (LN) logs are linked to EM logs, then the already developed relationships between LN resistivity measurements and the TDS values are rewritten for EM recordings. The main parameter in these equations is the formation factor, which is derived from ground water analyses and LN logs through Archie's law. The EM recording has several advantages compared to the LN logs. The EM analysis allows measuring in PVC-cased wells and is not hindered by the invasion zone around the well. Furthermore, it has a high vertical resolution. LN logs can be measured only once, after drilling a well; EM recordings can be repeated several times in monitoring wells, which allows the gathering of time-dependent data over a complete vertical cross section. Such data could be obtained with LN logs only in wells with screens over the full-depth interval, which causes a hydraulic short circuit. This short circuit can result in a large artificial flow through the well between different levels, resulting in a salinity profile, which is no longer representative for the studied site. Remediation against short circuiting is a reduction of the screened interval, which strongly reduces the gathered information. The application of the derived equations is one of setting up a monitoring network along the Belgian coast to monitor the trend in salinity levels and comparing present salinity levels with older LN recordings to investigate the salinity changes in the last 30 years. Deep wells already present in the Belgiancoastal plain can then be used to monitor both the fresh water head changes and the salt water evolution. The technique has also been used for parameter identification for which real concentration measurements were needed.  相似文献   

A statistical estimator of the spatial distribution of the water-table altitude   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Sepúlveda N 《Ground water》2003,41(1):66-71

An algorithm was designed to statistically estimate the areal distribution of water-table altitude. The altitude of the water table was bounded below by the minimum water-table surface and above by the land surface. Using lake elevations and stream stages, and interpolating between lakes and streams, the minimum water-table surface was generated. A multiple linear regression among the minimum water-table altitude, the differerence between land-surface and minimum water-table altitudes, and the water-level measurements from surficial aquifier system wells resulted in a consistently high correlation for all groups of physiographic regions in Florida. A simple linear regression between land-surface and water-level measurements resulted in a root-mean-square residual of 4.23 m, with residuals ranging from -8.78 to 41.54 m. A simple linear regression between the minimum water table and the water-level measurements resulted in a root-mean-square residual of 1.45 m, with residuals ranging from -7.39 to 4.10 m. The application of the multiple linear regression presented herein resulted in a root-mean-square residual of 1.05 m, with residuals ranging from -5.24 to 5.63 m. Results from complete and partial F tests rejected the hypothesis of eliminating any of the regressors in the multiple linear regression presented in this study.  相似文献   

Use of physiological responses in Mytilus trossulus as integrative bioindicators of sewage pollution     

Moles A  Hale N 《Marine pollution bulletin》2003,46(8):954-958

Mussels, Mytilus trossulus (average shell length 43+/-0.8 mm), were sampled from a beach in Alaska that received untreated sewage for several years, a second beach adjacent to a secondary wastewater outfall, and two nearby reference beaches. Survival time in air, byssal thread production rate, and prevalence of trematode parasites were determined for each group. Tolerances to aerial exposure was significantly lower (P<0.05) at both sewage outfall sites than at the reference sites. Mussels exposed to untreated sewage produced fewer byssal threads and had a significantly higher prevalence of encysted trematodes than mussels from the other beaches, including the secondary wastewater site. Survival in air, byssal thread production, and trematode prevalence in mussels may be useful indicators in evaluating the longterm health of beaches exposed to sewage.  相似文献   

Surveillance for previously unmonitored organic contaminants in the San Francisco Estuary     

Oros DR  Jarman WM  Lowe T  David N  Lowe S  Davis JA 《Marine pollution bulletin》2003,46(9):1102-1110

The San Francisco Estuary Regional Monitoring Program initiated surveillance monitoring to identify previously unmonitored synthetic organic contaminants in the San Francisco Estuary. Organic extracts of water samples were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in full scan mode. The major contaminant classes identified in the samples were fire retardants, pesticides, personal care product ingredients, and plasticizers. Evidence from the literature suggests that some of these contaminants can persist in the environment, induce toxicity, and accumulate in marine biota and in higher food chain consumers. The major sources of these contaminants into the marine environment are the discharge of municipal and industrial wastewater effluents, urban stormwater, and agricultural runoff. As a proactive effort, it is suggested that surveillance studies be used routinely in monitoring programs to identify and prevent potential problem contaminants from harming the marine environment.  相似文献   

Trace elements in skin of Dall's porpoises (Phocoenoides dalli) from the northern waters of Japan: an evaluation for utilization as non-lethal tracers     

Yan J  Kunito T  Tanabe S  Amano M  Miyazaki N 《Marine pollution bulletin》2002,45(1-12):230-236

Concentrations of Fe, Zn, Cu, Se, Mn, Mo, Hg, Cd, Cr, Ag, Pb, Sr and V were determined in skins of Dall's porpoises (Phocoenoides dalli) of the Pacific coast truei-type population (PT population) (N=45), and the Sea of Japan-Okhotsk dalli-type population (JD population) (N=31) from the northern waters of Japan. Cutaneous Hg concentrations in both PT and JD populations were significantly correlated with age, indicating a possible alternative method of age estimation. A significant correlation was also noted between Hg concentrations in skin and liver, suggesting that biopsy samples of skin can provide a non-lethal surrogate for monitoring Hg contamination in this species. Trace element accumulation patterns differed strongly between PT and JD populations, when analyzed by principal component analysis, suggesting these patterns could be utilized as non-lethal tracers of population identification.  相似文献