毛乌素沙地臭柏、油蒿细根分解过程中养分与能量的变化     

秦艳  胡永宁  王林和  那日苏  张国盛 《中国沙漠》2010,30(6):1341-1347

应用埋袋法对毛乌素沙地天然分布的优势种臭柏、油蒿细根分解进行研究。对两年的实验数据进行分析,结果显示,臭柏、油蒿细根分解过程中C、P、K、Mg均表现为释放,释放率油蒿＞臭柏,元素重量损失率K＞P＞C＞Mg;N在臭柏分解中表现为积累,在油蒿分解中表现为释放;Ca在臭柏、油蒿细根分解中都表现为积累的趋势,积累率为油蒿＞臭柏;能量在臭柏、油蒿细根分解过程中表现为释放。该研究为沙区土壤库中的能量转化和流动过程提供了理论依据。  相似文献   

兼容光学雷达影像及地形辅助数据的扎龙湿地遥感分类     

刘蕾  臧淑英  那晓东  裴雪原 《地理与地理信息科学》2013,29(1):36-40,1

结合Landsat TM影像、Envisat ASAR的C波段雷达影像和地形辅助数据,采用决策树方法,包括分类回归树(C1assification and Regression Tree,CART)和随机森林(Random Forest,RF)算法,对扎龙湿地进行遥感分类。用实测GPS样本点对分类结果进行精度验证,并与最大似然监督分类方法(Maximum Likelihood Classification,MLC)对比。结果表明,地形辅助数据和雷达后向散射系数对湿地分类精度的提高起重要作用。基于RF算法分类结果的总精度和Kappa系数分别为92.6%和0.901,沼泽湿地的分类精度达到96.3%,较CART算法和MLC监督分类方法有明显提高。该研究提供了一种快速、高效的内陆淡水沼泽湿地遥感分类技术。  相似文献   

Interactions between river flows and colonizing vegetation on a braided river: exploring spatial and temporal dynamics in riparian vegetation cover using satellite data     

W. Bertoldi  N. A. Drake  A. M. Gurnell 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2011,36(11):1474-1486

Field, laboratory, and numerical modelling research are increasingly demonstrating the potential of riparian tree colonization and growth to influence fluvial dynamics and the evolution of fluvial landforms. This paper jointly analyses multi‐temporal, multispectral ASTER data, continuous river stage and discharge data, and field observations of the growth rates of the dominant riparian tree species (Populus nigra) along a 21 km reach of the Tagliamento River, Italy. Research focuses on the period 2004–2009, during which there was a bankfull flood on 24 October 2004, followed by 2 years with low water levels, nearly 2 years with only modest flow pulses, and then a final period from 15 August 2008 that included several intermediate to bankfull flow events. This study period of increasing flow disturbance allows the exploration of vegetation dynamics within the river's active corridor under changing flow conditions. The analysis demonstrates the utility of ASTER data for investigating vegetation dynamics along large fluvial corridors and reveals both spatial and temporal variations in the expansion, coalescence, and erosion of vegetated patches within the study reach. Changes in the extent of the vegetated area and its dynamics vary along the study reach. In sub‐reaches where riparian tree growth is vigorous, the vegetated area expands rapidly during time periods without channel‐shaping flows, and is subsequently able to resist erosion by bankfull floods. In contrast, in sub‐reaches where tree growth is less vigorous, the vegetated area expands at a slower rate and is more readily re‐set by bankfull flood events. This illustrates that the rate of growth of riparian trees is crucial to their ability to contribute actively to river corridor dynamics. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Early Cambrian Mollusc Watsonella crosbyi: A Potential GSSP Index Fossil for the Base of the Cambrian Stage 2     

LI Guoxiang  ZHAO Xin  Alexander GUBANOV  ZHU Maoyan  NA Lin 《《地质学报》英文版》2011,85(2):309-319

The mollusc Watsonella crosbyi was studied on the basis of material from the lower Cambrian Dahai Member of the Zhujiaqing Formation in eastern Yunnan, China and the Pestrotsvet Formation of the Aldan River region in the Siberian Platform. This fossil had been excessively described under different names in the literature, such as Heraultia varensalensis Cobbold, 1935, H. sibirica Missarzhevsky, 1974, Heraultipegma yunnanensis He and Yang, 1982, H. yannanese He and Yang, 1982, Watsonella yunnanensis, W. crosbyi Grabau, 1900, etc. Taxonomic revision shows that other species are junior synonyms of W. crosbyi. Analysis of functional morphology implies that W. crosbyi may be rather a helcionelloid than a rostroconch since its univalved conch is untorted endogastric and lacks a rostrum and a true internal pegma. Replicas of the original microstructures preserved on the surfaces of phosphatic internal moulds confirm that the shell consists of two layers. The inner layer is lamello-fibrillar, and the outer layer is spherulitic prismatic. The widespread geographical occurrences in both siliciclastic and carbonate rocks of the late Terreneuvian indicate that W. crosbyi is an important index fossil for global correlations and subdivision of the Cambrian Series 1 (Terreneuvian). The first appearance datum (FAD) of W. crosbyi is suggested to be a potential GSSP (Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point) candidate marker for defining the base of the Cambrian Stage 2.  相似文献   

内蒙古东部地区地震活动演化特征     

朱智勇  张荣莲  娜仁花 《高原地震》2008,20(4):45-49

通过对内蒙古东部中等地震的有序分布、中等地震密集增强、地震从集、空区和条带及显著地震及中强地震迁移背景方面的演化特征研究,分析认为,阿巴嘎旗及邻区、扎兰屯-牙克石、呼伦贝尔-兴安盟-锡盟-通辽交界地区将是未来中强地震的可能区域。通过对2003年8月-2006年3月间发生在东部的中强地震沿大兴安岭对迁特征研究,综合认为,内蒙古东部已成为东北地区中强地震活动主体地区。  相似文献   

活断层数据库在昆明市防震减灾工作中的应用研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

刘娜  张建国  毛燕  楚亮  郭若谨 《地震研究》2009,32(Z1)

简要介绍了活断层数据库的数据成果,并对活断层数据库的成果在昆明市城市规划及生命线工程等重要设施的避让距离确定等防震减灾工作中的应用进行了初步探讨.  相似文献   

20 世纪科尔沁的人口变化及其特征分析   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

乌兰图雅  乌敦  那音太 《地理学报》2007,62(4):418-426

利用蒙、汉、日语多种文献资料就科尔沁近百年的人口变化进行了分析,结果发现： 一个世纪以来科尔沁人口增加很快,平均人口密度从民国初期的2.40 人/km² 增加到2000 年 的39.72 人/km²,约为世纪初的17 倍;新增人口主要为1949 年前的关内流民、1949 年中华人民共和国成立后的移民以及移民生育;人口增加最高峰出现在1949 年后的计划移民时期, 伪满时期的流民则构成了研究区近百年另一个显著的移民高潮;移入人口在科尔沁的分布受 距离农区的空间间隔、科尔沁自然环境条件及其变化、城镇化等因素影响,人口密度呈现从 科尔沁外围到腹地、从农耕区到农牧交错区和牧区、从城镇到农村牧区逐渐降低的空间分布特征,移入人口成为20 世纪科尔沁的农耕主力军。  相似文献   

宁夏地表湿润状况及极端干湿事件演变规律   总被引：11，自引：5，他引：6  

郑广芬  陈晓光  赵光平  纳丽  孙银川 《中国沙漠》2007,27(2):326-330

利用宁夏1961—2004年月平均气温、月降水量资料,计算了地表湿润指数,以此为基础对宁夏地表湿润状况及极端干湿事件的分布特征进行了较为深入的研究。结果表明:近40多年来,宁夏大致经历了冷湿期、冷干期、暖干期;自20世纪60年代以来,宁夏年极端干旱频率有增加的趋势,极端湿年高频区逐渐缩小; 80年代以来,宁夏极端干旱年事件高频区明显扩大;不同气候型态下,极端干湿事件频率具有明显差异,冷干期极端干旱事件最多,极端湿润事件最少,冷湿期极端干旱频率最小,极端湿润频率最大。  相似文献   

Optical, X-ray and radio observations of HD 61396: a probable new RS CVn-type binary     

Padmakar  K. P. Singh  S. A. Drake  S. K. Pandey 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2000,314(4):733-742

We have carried out BVR photometric and H spectroscopic observations of the star HD 61396 during 1998 March 20 to 1999 April 3. We have discovered regular optical photometric variability from this star, with an inferred period of 31.95±0.10 d, and an amplitude of 0.18 mag. A possible period of 35.34±0.12 d, as determined with Hipparcos , cannot be completely ruled out, however. Modelling of its photometric light curve with two circular spots indicates that 521 per cent of the stellar surface is covered by dark starspots which are 830 K cooler than the surrounding photosphere, and produce the observed rotational modulation of the optical flux. Optical spectroscopy reveals a variable H emission feature, indicating that it is an unusually active star.
In addition, we have analysed archival X-ray data of HD 61396, obtained from serendipitous observations with the ROSAT X-ray observatory, and we also discuss the radio properties of this star, based on both published Green Bank and unpublished VLA observations. The strong photometric variability and H emission, the relatively hard X-ray spectrum, and the high X-ray and radio luminosities imply that HD 61396 is most likely to be a member of the RS CVn class of evolved active binary stars. Its X-ray and radio luminosities place it among the five most luminous active binaries detected so far.  相似文献   

云南天文台主楼局域网(intranet)的建设     

陈东  许华银  周吉光  纳子康  金振宇  单红光  张蜀新 《天文研究与技术》2000,(3):67-76

详细描述了云南天文台主楼局域网的建设。并详细的讨论了一些技术细节。  相似文献