基于机器学习模型的青藏高原日降水数据的订正研究     

陈浩  宁忱  南卓铜  王玉丹  吴小波  赵林 《冰川冻土》2017,39(3):583-592

选择了5种机器学习模型,即k最近邻方法（KNN）、多元自回归样条方法（MARS）、支持向量机（SVM）、多项对数线性模型（MLM）和人工神经网络（ANN）,利用海拔、相对湿度、坡向、植被、风速、气温和坡度等因子订正ITPCAS和CMORPH两种常用的青藏高原日降水数据集。五折交叉验证表明,KNN的订正精度最高。在三个验证站点（唐古拉、西大滩和五道梁）的误差分析,以及对青藏高原年降水量的空间分析均表明,KNN对CMORPH的订正效果显著,对ITPCAS在局部区域有一定订正效果,ITPCAS及其订正值的降水空间分布准确度高于CMORPH的订正值。主成分分析法表明降水订正是气象和环境因子综合作用的结果。  相似文献   

南海西北部半日内潮参量次谐频不稳定生成的近惯性波研究     

陈子飞  任强  胡贺岗  陈永华  王蓓  于非  南峰  王建丰  唐瑛 《海洋与湖沼》2022,53(1):62-73

为了研究非临界纬度上参量次谐频不稳定(parametric subharmonic instability,PSI)过程生成的近惯性波(near-inertial wave,NIW),本文基于国家重点研发项目的 准实时传输深海潜标资料,对内波速度谱、近惯性流速和动能、D2-f(半日频减惯性频)流速和动能、半日内潮流速和...  相似文献   

玛纳斯河流域地貌与地下水的关系   总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6  

史兴民  杨景春  李有利  南峰 《地理与地理信息科学》2004,20(3):56-60

以玛纳斯河流域为例,研究地貌和地下水的特点及其关系。结果表明,水文地质单元的界线明显与地貌单元的界线一致,地下水的类型、贮存和循环方式受地貌单元的控制。形成这种现象的原因是,地貌单元内第四纪沉积物的岩性、厚度、密度和裂隙等决定了地下水的赋存状态和循环方式。  相似文献   

Cryospheric change in China   总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16  

Xin Li  Guodong Cheng  Huijun Jin  Ersi Kang  Tao Che  Rui Jin  Lizong Wu  Zhuotong Nan  Jian Wang  Yongping Shen   《Global and Planetary Change》2008,62(3-4):210-218

This paper provides an overview of the current status of the cryosphere in China and its changes. Up-to-date statistics of the cryosphere in China are summarized based on the latest available data. There are 46,377 glaciers in China, covering an area of 59,425 km². The glacier ice reserve is estimated to be about 5600 km³ and the annual glacier runoff is about 61.6 × 10⁹ m³. The continuous snow cover extent (> 60 days) in China is about 3.4 × 10⁶ km² and the maximum water equivalent is 95.9 × 10⁹ m³ yr^− 1. The permafrost area in China is about 1.72 × 10⁶ km². The total ground ice reserve on the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau is estimated to be about 10,923 km³. Recent investigations indicated that glacier areas in China have shrunk about 2–10% over the past 45 yr. Total glacier area has receded by about 5.5%. Snow mass has increased slightly. Permafrost is clearly degrading, as indicated by shrinking areas of permafrost, increasing depth of the active layer, rising of lower limit of permafrost, and thinning of the seasonal frost depth. Some models predict that glacier area shrinkage could be as high as 26.7% in 2050, with glacier runoff increasing until its maximum in about 2030. Although snow mass shows an increasing trend in western China, in eastern China the trend is toward decreasing snow mass, with increasing interannual fluctuations. Permafrost degradation is likely to continue, with one-third to one-half of the permafrost on the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau anticipated to degrade by 2100. Most of the high-temperature permafrost will disappear by then. The permafrost in northeastern China will retreat further northward.  相似文献   

PM10 Observed at a Meteorological Station in Beijing: Historical Trend and Implications     

南雪景  林伟立  贺晓雷  雷勇  安德里·梅隆 《热带气象学报(英文版)》2022,28(2):207-217

Inhalable particles(PM₁₀), with aerodynamic equivalent diameters that are generally 10 micrometers or smaller, are basic pollutants in many areas, especially in northern China, and thus the pollution from PM₁₀inhalable particulate matter is a growing concern for public health. Independent long-term observations are necessary to evaluate the efficacy of PM₁₀reduction actions. Variations in the PM₁₀concentration from 2006 to 2017 at an observation statio...  相似文献   

Comparative Studies on Phosphorus Uptake and Growth Kinetics of the Microalga Tetraselmis subcordiformis and the Macroalga Ulva pertusa     

NANChunrong DONGShuanglin 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2004,3(1):56-59

Short-term uptake experiments and long-term semicontinuous culture experiments were performed under the condition of phosphorus (P) limitation to estimate and compare the P uptake and growth kinetics of the microalga Tetraselmis subcordiformis and the macroalga Ulva pertusa. Two new parameters, the maximum specific uptake rate (Vm^sp) and the maximal growth efficiency (β), are introduced to achieve uniformity for the comparison of nutrient uptake and growth efficiency between microalgae and macroalgae. T. subcordiformis possesses 3 times lower half saturation uptake constant, 4 times higher maximal growth rate and 20 times higher maximum specific uptake rate than U. pertusa, while U. pertusa possesses 4 times higher maximal growth efficiency than T. subcordiformis.  相似文献   

射电宇宙各向同性吗？     

南仁东  蔡正东 《中国天文和天体物理学报》1994,(3)

本文报告了小尺度河外射电源喷流和内禀偏振位置角分布的统计结果。我们发现，毫角秒喷流分布和内禀偏振位置角分布呈各向异性。这一现象的内禀真实性相当值得怀疑，因为它与我们的宇宙学三大基本原则之一相悖，但它在统计上的显著性是相当高的，至少我们可以认为在一些巡天工作中存在某种不清楚的传播效应，选择效应或缺陷  相似文献   

密云232MHz星表的可靠性研究(英文)     

彭勃  曹艾  南仁东  郑怡嘉  颜毅华  田文武  邱育海  张喜镇  朱进  李小聪 《中国天文和天体物理学报》1996,(1)

利用密云综合孔径射电望远镜，在232MHZ频率，对于北纬30°以上天区的巡天已经完成.除了银道面区域（|b|＜10°）的射电源外，密云总星表（MGC）共包含了26957颗射电源．MGC的完整性和均匀性已在另文讨论．本文将利用所有处理完的MSRT资料和其它已发表的主要射电源表，研究密云总星表的可靠性．  相似文献   

基于雷达组合反射率拼图和深度学习的中尺度对流系统识别、追踪与分类方法     

南刚强  陈明轩  秦睿  韩雷  曹伟华 《气象学报》2021,79(6):1002-1021

中尺度对流系统（Mesoscale Convective System,MCS）是很多对流性天气的主要致灾体,可导致严重的气象和水文灾害,如雷暴大风、冰雹、龙卷风和山洪。对MCS进行准确的识别和追踪,并根据追踪轨迹及获得的MCS特征实现MCS的分类,对灾害天气的分析和预报有重要意义。基于京津冀地区2010—2019年的雷达组合反射率拼图资料,分别使用支持向量机（SVM）、随机森林（RF）、极度梯度提升决策树（XGBoost）和深度神经网络（DNN）4种机器学习方法,研发了京津冀地区MCS的自动识别算法。使用时、空重叠追踪法对识别的MCS进行追踪匹配,得到包含强度、时间和空间信息的MCS追踪数据资料。在区分线状对流系统和非线状对流系统的基础上,进一步从经典的尾随层云（Trailing Stratiform,TS）、前导层云（Leading Stratiform,LS）和平行层云（Parallel Stratiform,PS）三类准线性MCS的概念模型和结构特征出发,根据追踪轨迹计算MCS的运动方向和MCS近似长轴两侧层状云和强对流云的面积占比,建立准线性MCS的分类算法。MCS的识别属于二分分类问题,以命中率（POD）、虚警率（FAR）、临界成功指数（CSI）和准确率（ACC）为评价指标,综合对比各项指标发现DNN模型较SVM、RF和XGBoost模型对MCS的识别效果更好。使用时、空重叠追踪法对DNN模型识别的MCS进行追踪,结合对两个追踪实例的分析,发现本研究所用的算法取得了很好的追踪结果,也进一步说明了深度学习方法识别MCS的准确性和优势。根据追踪轨迹计算某时刻MCS的运动方向,结合识别的层状云和强对流云的分布位置,准确实现了TS、LS和PS型准线性MCS的分类,为准线性MCS的生命史预测及其致灾天气特别是短时强降水的强度、位置和持续时间的客观预报提供了一种技术思路。   相似文献   

MICROSCOPICAL STUDY OF THE SHUIKOUSHAN LEAD-ZINC DEPOSIT IN CHANGNING DISTRICT, S. HUNAN     

南延宗 《地质学报》1934,13(1)

INTRODUCTION Shuikoushan is the most important and well known mining district for production of silver, lead, zinc and pyrite in China. It is situated at about 65 li N. E. of Changning, 90 li S. of Hengyang and 620 li from Changsha, the Capital of Hunan.  相似文献