Mapping the Risk of Burning in the Brazilian Amazon with the Use of Logistic Regression and Fuzzy Inference   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Camil Wadih Salame  Joaquim Carlos Barbosa Queiroz  Gilberto de Miranda Rocha  Mario Miguel Amin 《Mathematical Geosciences》2012,44(3):241-256

Through the PRODESDIGITAL Project, the National Institute for Space Research (INPE) has been mapping vegetal coverage in the Brazilian Legal Amazon using Landsat satellite images. INPE not only identifies deforested areas but also releases a daily map of burning areas. Burning is frequently used as the cheapest way to deforest, to clear areas for farming and to increase the soil’s fertility in a short period of time. In many instances, these fires get out of control and end up accidentally invading areas of forest exploited by the lumber industry, agricultural plantations and pastures. However, the deforestation and burning area maps alone are insufficient for monitoring and control on a regional scale. It is necessary to know in an analytical way how actions (deforestation and burnings) that characterize human occupation are occurring in a region. In this research, two methods are used that allow the inclusion of co-variation in the estimation of variables of interest: logistic regression, which is a statistical method that considers a categorical or discrete response variable and discrete and/or continuous co-variation; and fuzzy logic, which makes use of artificial intelligence methods to incorporate into computational models information based on the knowledge or experience of a specialist. In both methods, the response variable may be related to the probability of occurrence of the environmental variable under study.  相似文献   

Agrometeorological models for forecasting the qualitative attributes of “Valência” oranges     

Victor?Brunini?MoretoEmail author  Glauco?de Souza?Rolim  Bruno?Gustavo?Zacarin  Ana?Paula?Vanin  Leone?Maia?de?Souza  Rodrigo?Rocha?Latado 《Theoretical and Applied Climatology》2017,130(3-4):847-864

Forecasting is the act of predicting unknown future events using available data. Estimating, in contrast, uses data to simulate an actual condition. Brazil is the world’s largest producer of oranges, and the state of São Paulo is the largest producer in Brazil. The “Valência” orange is among the most common cultivars in the state. We analyzed the influence of monthly meteorological variables during the growth cycle of Valência oranges grafted onto “Rangpur” lime rootstocks (VACR) for São Paulo, and developed monthly agrometeorological models for forecasting the qualitative attributes of VACR in mature orchard. For fruits per box for all months, the best accuracy was of 0.84 % and the minimum forecast range of 4 months. For the relation between °brix and juice acidity (RATIO) the best accuracy was of 0.69 % and the minimum forecast range of 5 months. Minimum, mean and maximum air temperatures, and relative evapotranspiration were the most important variables in the models.  相似文献   

Mercury in itabirite-hosted soft hematite ore in the Quadrilátero Ferrífero of Minas Gerais     

Alexandre Raphael Cabral  Orlando Garcia Rocha Filho  Richard David Jones 《Journal of Geochemical Exploration》2008,96(1):69-76

Mercury contents in Precambrian banded iron formation-hosted hematite ores are virtually unknown. In an attempt to provide information on the abundance and distribution of Hg in Fe ore, we present analyses for Hg in samples of high-grade soft hematite ore from Gongo Soco, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Bulk samples contain from <  5 to 25  ppb Hg without obvious correlation with major elements. Granulometric fractions of follow-up samples have amounts of Hg from 6 to 48  ppb and display positive linear correlations with total Mn as MnO (r = 0.87), LOI (r = 0.87) and SiO₂ (r = 0.76), as well as a negative linear correlation with total Fe as Fe₂O₃ (r = −  0.87). The correlations suggest that Hg is associated with a hydrated ferruginous groundmass bearing residual Mn, Al and Si, which replaced gangue minerals in itabirite in the process of formation of the Gongo Soco soft hematite ore.  相似文献   

Characterization of polysomatism in biopyriboles: Double-/triple-chain lamellar intergrowths     

Mark D. Welch  João Rocha  Jacek Klinowski 《Physics and Chemistry of Minerals》1992,18(7):460-468

As a first step towards accurate quantification of the polysomatic states of biopyriboles, we have studied the polysomatic transformation between amphibole and hydrous triple-chain silicate (TCS) in the synthetic system Na₂O-MgO-SiO₂-H₂O (NMSH). The reaction is: 4Na₂Mg₄Si₆O₁₆(OH)₂ TCS 3Na_2.67Mg_5.33Si₈O_21.33(OH)_2.67. Amphibole We have characterised a polysomatic intergrowth of amphibole and TCS (synthesized at 2 kbar/(653° C) by X-ray diffraction (XRD), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), infrared spectroscopy and ²⁹Si magic-angle-spinning (MAS) NMR spectroscopy. The sample is a fine-scale lamellar intergrowth of double- and triple-chain structures; lamellae are 27 Å to hundreds of Ångströms wide. The ²⁹Si MAS NMR spectrum of the intergrowth is explicitly a superposition of the individual amphibole and TCS spectra. By ensuring that the recycle delay time used considers the longest spin-lattice relaxation time (ca. 900 s), the relative amounts of double- and triple-chain structures can be quantified by simple deconvolution of the spectrum. The relative amounts of double- and triple-chain structures are 42 ± 5 and 58 ± 5 mol%, respectively. With regard to quantifying populations of chain multiplicities in biopyriboles, we believe that ²⁹Si NMR is more accurate than the conventional HRTEM fringe-counting method (Maresch and Czank 1983, 1988), and is far superior to XRD and infrared spectroscopy, which suffer from high sensitivity to particle size and calibration problems. ²⁹Si MAS NMR can provide an accurate means of monitoring the progress of polysomatic reactions in biopyriboles. It is likely to be most effective for samples containing only a few different chain multiplicities (e.g. m = 1, 2, 3 and perhaps 4), such as occur in natural pyroxenes and amphiboles.  相似文献   

Suspended-sediment response to pulses in river flow and semidiurnal and fortnightly tidal variations in a mesotidal estuary     

Carlos Vale  Carlota Corteso  Odete Castro  Ana M. Ferreira 《Marine Chemistry》1993,43(1-4)

The effects of the tidal regime and high river flows on the suspended sediment concentration field have been separated and the retention time of fluvial sediment has been determined. The study was carried out in the upper Sado estuary, Portugal, and included surveys at high and low tide in different semidiurnal tide ranges every month for 1 year, including contrasting freshwater discharge. DDT and its metabolites (DDD and DDE) were determined in the suspended sediment and in the whole soft tissues of oysters, and they have been used as tracers of the derived flood material in the upper estuary. The tide is responsible for the relatively slow relaxation time following a winter runoff event.  相似文献   

The 2014 southeast Brazil austral summer drought: regional scale mechanisms and teleconnections     

Caio A. S. Coelho  Cristiano Prestrelo de Oliveira  Tércio Ambrizzi  Michelle Simões Reboita  Camila Bertoletti Carpenedo  José Leandro Pereira Silveira Campos  Ana Carolina Nóbile Tomaziello  Luana Albertani Pampuch  Maria de Souza Custódio  Lívia Marcia Mosso Dutra  Rosmeri P. Da Rocha  Amanda Rehbein 《Climate Dynamics》2016,46(11-12):3737-3752

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Climate change in the Iberian Upwelling System: a numerical study using GCM downscaling     

Ana Cordeiro Pires  Rita Nolasco  Alfredo Rocha  Alexandre M. Ramos  Jesus Dubert 《Climate Dynamics》2016,47(1-2):451-464

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Combining coastal geoscience mapping and photogrammetric surveying in maritime environments (Northwestern Iberian Peninsula): focus on methodology     

Ana Pires  Helder I. Chaminé  Francisco Piqueiro  Augusto Pérez-Alberti  Fernando Rocha 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2016,75(3):196

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Future surface temperature changes for the Iberian Peninsula according to EURO-CORDEX climate projections     

Carvalho  D.  Cardoso Pereira  S.  Rocha  A. 《Climate Dynamics》2021,56(1-2):123-138

Climate Dynamics - Future changes in the mean, maximum and minimum temperature in the Iberian Peninsula were investigated using bias-corrected EURO-CORDEX climate projections. The results show that...  相似文献   

Using a regional frequency analysis approach for calculating the Standardized Precipitation Index: an operational approach based on the two-parameter gamma distribution     

dos Santos Junior  Edimar Pereira  Xavier  Ana Carolina Freitas  Martins  Letícia Lopes  da Rocha Sobierajski  Graciela  Blain  Gabriel Constantino 《Theoretical and Applied Climatology》2022,148(3-4):1199-1216

Theoretical and Applied Climatology - The Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) is a worldwide used probability-based drought index. Considering that the two-parameter gamma distribution (gam) is...  相似文献