渭河流域"2005·10"暴雨洪水分析     

庞雷 《水文》2007,27(2)

2005年9～10月渭河流域中、下游发生持续性降雨过程,致使渭河下游形成了自1981年以来最大的洪水。本文分析了降雨洪水成因、特点和对下游河道的影响,并提出了几点认识和建议。  相似文献   

基于多因子非线性叠套模型的雷电潜势预报     

高菊霞  庞亚峰  武麦凤 《陕西气象》2007,(4):3-6

利用统计学原理和数学分析理论,建立以雷电为预报对象的多因子非线性叠套模型,试图从理论和实践两方面,避免统计学的线性假设和模式输出值物理意义不明确的统计预报问题。特别是针对雷电这种小概率事件的预报问题,通过统计分析建模,并对24 h雷电潜势预报结果检验,该模型预报效果较好,能够业务使用。  相似文献   

Zircon U–Pb Ages and Lu–Hf Isotope of the Dongchuan Group in Central Yunnan, China, and their Geological Significance     

HAN Kunying  ZHANG Heng  DING Xiaozhong  REN Liudong  SHI Chenglong  PANG Jianfeng 《《地质学报》英文版》2020,94(4):1093-1116

On the southwestern margin of the Yangtze Block, the Dongchuan Group consists of slightly metamorphosed sedimentary rocks, including silty slate, argillaceous slate, clayey slate, arkose, dolomite, and minor volcanic rocks. To date, it is still a controversy over the depositional age and stratigraphic sequence of the Dongchuan Group. In this study, we analyzed five samples of meta-sedimentary rocks and one sample of meta-tuff from the Yinmin, Luoxue and Etouchang Formations of the Dongchuan Group in the Yuxi region for detrital zircon U-Pb ages and Lu-Hf isotope. The detrital zircon ages of the meta-sediments vary from 3073 to 1703 Ma, mainly clustered at three periods, from 1889 to 1840, 2490 to 2008 and 2878 to 2844 Ma. The youngest age peak of all the samples is ～1859 Ma, with the εHf(t) values of the zircons ranging from-20.3 to +4.3 and more than 90% being negative, indicating that the Paleoproterozoic crustal accretion on the southwestern margin of the Yangtze Block was dominated by reworking of the ancient crustal materials involved in the assembly and breakup of the Columbia supercontinent. Another important age range is between 2490 Ma and 2008 Ma, with εHf(t) values from-14.7 to +8.9 and 70% of them are negative, suggesting that the magmatism in the source area was also dominated by reworking and recycling of the ancient crustal materials, with minor juvenile mantle substances added. The detritus was probably derived from the Paleoproterozoic crystalline basement in the southern Yuxi region. The oldest peak age is ～2847 Ma and the εHf(t) values are from-7.7 to +7.0 with 50% of both positive and negative values, demonstrating a possible ～2.85 Ga ancient continental nucleus on the southwestern margin of the Yangtze Block and substantial growth in juvenile crust materials during this period. Besides, the weighted average age of the zircons from the meta-tuff of the Etouchang Formation is 1677 ± 14 Ma. Combining the previous research data and this study, we can constrain the depositional age of the Dongchuan Group in central Yunnan Province to the period from the late Paleoproterozoic to early Mesoproterozoic, slightly earlier than that of the Dongchuan Group in the Dongchuan area near to the southwestern Sichuan Province. The depositional age of the Dongchuan Group is older than that of the Kunyang Group.  相似文献   

应用物化探方法开展地热普查          下载免费PDF全文

庞绪贵 《山东国土资源》1990,(2)

本文以近几年开展地热物化探试验研究和地热物化探普查所取得的资料为基础,以文登县洪水岚温泉外围,济南地区和安丘县温泉乡为例,概述了应用物化探方法开展地热普查的前提,分析并肯定了应用物化探方法进行地热普查所取得的地质效果。根据自己的体会,总结出一套应用物化探方法寻找地下热水的工作程序。  相似文献   

青海大柴旦断裂古地震特征   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

庞炜  何文贵  袁道阳  张波  吴赵 《地球科学与环境学报》2015,(3):87-103

通过卫星影像解译发现,青海海西地区大柴旦东侧山前洪积扇上发育了一条影像特征清晰、连续性较好的活动断裂带,被称为大柴旦断裂。野外追踪调查确认该断裂为一条总体走向NNW(340°左右),长度约125km的活动断裂带。该断裂属柴达木盆地北缘断裂系的重要组成部分,晚第四纪构造活动具挤压逆冲特征兼右旋走滑分量。山前冲洪积扇保存有多级较小的断层陡坎、断层沟槽和冲沟右旋等断错地貌现象。利用差分GPS技术对断层陡坎进行测量,单条小陡坎的高度一般为0.5~1m,多条陡坎组合累积高度为3~5m。通过对2个天然古地震剖面和3个探槽剖面进行综合分析,最前缘的主控断层为逆冲断层,后缘表现为张性正断层的组合形式,断裂新构造活动具有逐渐向山前扩展的特征。根据样品14C测年结果大致确定了5次古地震事件,其中全新世以来有4次;古地震时间具有准周期性,其复发间隔约为2 000年。最近一次古地震事件的离逝时间是(1 935±60)a B.P.之后,说明大柴旦断裂离逝时间与复发间隔较接近,地震危险性比较高。  相似文献   

滦河流域碳、水循环和能量平衡遥感综合试验总体设计     

阎广建  赵天杰  穆西晗  闻建光  庞勇  贾立  张永光  陈德清  姚崇斌  曹志宇  雷永荟  姬大彬  陈良富  柳钦火  吕利清  陈镜明  施建成 《遥感学报》2021,25(4):856-870

始于20世纪80年代的系列大型遥感试验开始系统研究地表物质和能量交换过程,对遥感与地球系统科学研究的结合起到重要作用,但是尚无综合利用多源遥感数据解决碳、水、能量循环问题的有效方案。遥感科学国家重点实验室于滦河上游地区组织开展基础性、多学科、多尺度的"碳、水循环和能量平衡遥感综合试验"。本次试验面向地球系统科学对遥感观测的最新要求,以遥感如何服务地—气过程研究为关键科学问题,开展星—机—地多尺度遥感综合观测和地面测量,论证中国自主设计的碳、水、能量相关卫星的技术指标,基于大场景真实结构模拟和多尺度综合观测构建虚拟遥感试验场,验证全波段遥感机理模型和复杂地表辐射传输机理。核心试验区位于地势较为平坦的闪电河流域和地形复杂的小滦河流域。闪电河流域主要地类为农田和草地,开展的试验以水循环和能量平衡遥感综合观测为主。小滦河流域主要地类为森林和草地,以碳循环遥感综合观测为主。两个试验区都开展了系统性的多架次飞行试验,并同步开展地面全波段、主被动协同观测。特别设计了一次长达165 km的大跨度飞行试验,横跨两个试验区,包含了地表类型和海拔高度的逐渐过渡。从2017年的预实验开始,整个试验为期5年。基于科学目标驱动、开放、协作、共享的原则,本次试验吸引了10个大型国家科研项目,4个卫星计划团队,19家单位200人次参加,是中国主导的又一次具有明确科学目标的大型多学科交叉遥感综合试验。  相似文献   

塔里木盆地英买力地区原油地球化学特征与族群划分   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李素梅  庞雄奇  杨海军  肖中尧  顾乔元  张玮娜 《现代地质》2010,24(4)

塔里木盆地英买力地区油气成因复杂,采用多馏分、多组分化学成分分析及单体烃碳同位素分析途径,对该区海相、陆相油进行精细分析。结果表明,英买力油田主要有两大类油组,分别是南部YM2井区的海相油(I类)和北部YM7井区的陆相油(Ⅱ类),各自具有典型的海相油与陆相油的特征。进一步分析表明,两大油组内部仍有分异。将第二油组进一步分为两亚类,以中、古生界产层为主的正常黑油和重质油为一类(Ⅱa),以古近系为主的凝析油为另一类(Ⅱb)。两亚类原油正构烷烃单体烃同位素稍有差异,芳烃组成与分布具有显著差异。较之于Ⅱa原油,Ⅱb原油富含联苯系列与氧芴系列、不同类型芳烃系列中以低分子量同系物占绝对优势,其正构烷烃单体烃碳同位素更重,与相邻的羊塔克地区原油表现出一定的相似性,表明两者之间有一定的成因联系,前者可能为混源油,由位于库车坳陷中拜城凹陷提供两种陆相烃源岩。英买力地区陆相油并非以往确认的一种成因类型,可能至少由两套性质迥异的中生界烃源岩供烃。英买力地区第一类海相油(I类)尽管生物标志物特征相近,但分析原油的单体烃碳同位素具有显著差异,同样存在油气混源的可能。英买力地区海、陆相原油特征与成因的深入剖析,对于该区精细油源确认、油气成藏机制乃至油气资源评价具有重要意义。  相似文献   

准东地区吉木萨尔凹陷石炭纪层序划分及重要意义     

贺凯  何治亮  屈伟  庞瑶 《新疆地质》2010,28(2)

吉木萨尔凹陷为准东地区重要含油气单元.吉15井工业油流的获得显示出石炭系具良好的勘探前景.通过对 该区石炭系地震反射特征研究发现其地层超覆、削蚀关系明显,可追踪对比性强,是区内石炭系重要层组划分标志, 可划分出上石炭统巴塔玛依内山组(简称巴山组)和下石炭统,首次对该区石炭系构造单元进行系统划分.  相似文献   

Classification of Complex Reservoirs in Superimposed Basins of Western China   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

PANG Xiongqi  ZHOU Xinyuan  LIN Changsong  HUO Zhipeng  LUO Xiaorong  PANG Hong 《《地质学报》英文版》2010,84(5):1011-1034

<正>Many of the sedimentary basins in western China were formed through the superposition and compounding of at least two previously developed sedimentary basins and in general they can be termed as complex superimposed basins.The distinct differences between these basins and monotype basins are their discontinuous stratigraphic sedimentation,stratigraphic structure and stratigraphic stress-strain action over geological history.Based on the correlation of chronological age on structural sections,superimposed basins can be divided into five types in this study:(1) continuous sedimentation type superimposed basins,(2) middle and late stratigraphic superimposed basins,(3) early and late stratigraphic superimposed basins,(4) early and middle stratigraphic superimposed basins,and(5) long-term exposed superimposed basins.Multiple source-reservoir-caprock assemblages have developed in such basins.In addition,multi-stage hydrocarbon generation and expulsion,multiple sources,polycyclic hydrocarbon accumulation and multiple-type hydrocarbon reservoirs adjustment,reformation and destruction have occurred in these basins.The complex reservoirs that have been discovered widely in the superimposed basins to date have remarkably different geologic features from primary reservoirs,and the root causes of this are folding,denudation and the fracture effect caused by multiphase tectonic events in the superimposed basins as well as associated seepage,diffusion,spilling,oxidation,degradation and cracking.Based on their genesis characteristics,complex reservoirs are divided into five categories:(1) primary reservoirs,(2) trap adjustment type reservoirs,(3) component variant reservoirs,(4) phase conversion type reservoirs and (5) scale-reformed reservoirs.  相似文献   

Accelerating Oil and Gas Exploration in Western China by Studies of Formations of Hydrocarbon Accumulations in Superimposed Basins—A Preface     

PANG Xiongqi 《《地质学报》英文版》2010,84(5):i-ii

<正>The superimposed basins in the western region of China are a hot research topic for earth scientists home and abroad for their vast area and rich oil and gas resources.Their complex geological conditions and resultant great exploration difficulties have received much attention of the scientists.This issue presents the advances of several scholars in their long-term research on the mechanisms of oil and gas accumulation and the patterns of oil and gas distribution.These studies are part of the National 973 Project entitled "Mechanism of Oil and Gas Accumulation and  相似文献