青海省道路结冰变化时空分布特征及其影响等级划分   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

保广裕  王文英  张景华  张静  马守存  裴少阳 《气象科技》2016,44(1):104-110

利用2004—2012年10月至次年4月青海省主要公路沿线自动气象站逐时气象资料,分析了青海省道路结冰的时空分布特征,讨论了道路结冰与地面和气温之间的变化关系,以及积雪深度与地面最高温度的关系。分析表明,青海省道路结冰的空间分布为从东南向西北逐渐减少,结冰时间主要集中在1—4月。由于道路结冰主要取决于气温和积雪深度变化,而地面温度与气温,积雪深度与地面最高温度之间存在显著的线性相关关系,因此分别建立了地温和积雪深度预报模型,从而对道路结冰进行预警。根据道路结冰的持续时间,将道路结冰对交通安全影响程度划分为4个气象等级,分别为极严重、严重、较重和轻度道路结冰。  相似文献   

2013年夏季黄、渤海颗粒有机碳分布及来源分析   总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0  

张海波  杨鲁宁  王丽莎  裴绍峰  石晓勇 《海洋学报》2016,38(8):24-35

本文根据2013年夏季黄、渤海海域航次获得的颗粒有机碳(particulate organic carbon, POC)、叶绿素a(chlorophyll a, Chl a)和总悬浮颗粒物(total suspended particles, TSP)数据,结合同步获得的水文环境参数,综合探讨该区夏季POC时空分布特征,以及在不同温盐深水团中POC的主要影响因素。结果表明:在整个研究区POC的浓度范围为102.3～1850.0 μg/L,平均值为(383.7±269.6) μg/L,分布呈现出近岸高、远海低、表层低、底层高的特征。苏北外浅滩海域和北黄海东北区域的10 m层和底层为POC高值区,苏北外海域受到陆源输入、沿岸流混合作用和浮游植物光合作用的影响,POC上下混合均匀且浓度高;南黄海中部因受黄海环流的影响,水体中浮游植物生产力水平低,POC浓度较低。在垂直分布上,近岸海域受陆源输入和再悬浮影响POC浓度高,上下混合均匀;在南黄海和北黄海中部受到黄海环流和黄海冷水团的控制,浮游植物生产力水平低,POC浓度低。对不同温盐水团中POC的影响因素分析发现,在高温低盐水团中,POC受浮游植物初级生产和陆源输入的共同影响;在温盐适中区真光层海水中,浮游植物的初级生产是POC的主要来源;底层的冷水团区,POC主要来源为上层海水中颗粒物的沉降和底层再悬浮作用。  相似文献   

南北构造带北部香山地区中-新生代构造抬升事件   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1  

赵晓辰  刘池洋  王建强  赵岩  张东东  王磊  邓煜  郭佩 《岩石学报》2016,32(7):2124-2136

南北构造带北部位于鄂尔多斯地块和阿拉善地块,秦祁褶皱造山带和兴蒙褶皱带四大构造单元的结合交汇部位,演化历史复杂。本文以南北构造带北部香山地区为研究对象,探讨该区中-新生代的隆升过程和阶段。对采自香山地区的9件样品分别进行了锆石、磷灰石裂变径迹测年及热历史模拟分析。香山地区的裂变径迹年龄主要分布在4个区间,对应地质时代分别为晚三叠世末-早侏罗世、晚侏罗世末-早白垩世初、晚白垩世和始新世,反映出香山地区在这4个时期内发生了明显的冷却事件。而这4期冷却抬升事件与区域构造背景及野外地质特征均有很好的响应关系。同时热历史模拟表明,香山地区晚白垩世以来整体上经历了2期快速隆升事件,其中始新世的快速隆升主要是该区对鄂尔多斯地块新生代周缘裂陷解体事件的响应。值得注意的是,香山地区并未反映出8Ma左右的快速隆升,说明青藏高原隆升对该区的影响是较为有限的。  相似文献   

贵州金沙县安洛煤矿仁和勘查区试井曲线分析          下载免费PDF全文

岑明峰  黄培  任平 《贵州地质》2016,33(1):36-43

本文以安洛煤矿仁和勘查区为研究区,以地质勘探资料、现场样品分析及实验室测试成果为基础,通过注入/压降现场测试,使用saphir软件做了相关试井解释分析,选用具有井筒储集效应+表皮效应+径向复合井的模型,数值模拟了26-4孔特征鲜明的4#、8#和13#煤层,浅析该区煤储层基本地层特征。分析发现:注入初期压力波动大,压降阶段出现"回吐"现象,分析认为这可能与地层(煤层)具有较强的塑性且地层渗透性较差有关。从双对数曲线的开口较大,半对数曲线呈"厂"字形的形态看,本井煤层存在一定程度的污染。半对数曲线斜率发生变化,导数曲线上翘,并非反应某种边界,而是由于超过注水时间造成的。在试井过程中,储层渗透率受煤层有效厚度、流体水粘度控制极为显著;孔隙度和综合压缩系数对除储层渗透率以外其它储层参数的控制作用较为明显;流体地层体积系数在实际工作中可以忽略。  相似文献   

Erratum to: Carbon Sequestration and Soil Accretion in Coastal Wetland Communities of the Yellow River Delta and Liaohe Delta,China     

S. Ye  E. A. Laws  N. Yuknis  X. Ding  H. Yuan  G. Zhao  J. Wang  X. Yu  S. Pei  R. D. DeLaune 《Estuaries and Coasts》2016,39(1):294-294

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Mineralogy and Geochemistry of the High‐Cr Podiform Chromitite from the Cuobuzha Ophiolite,Yarlung Zangbo Suture Zone,Western Tibet,China: Implication for its Origin     

ZHAO Hui  YANG Jingsui  LIU Fei  XIONG Fahui  LIAN Dongyang  YAO Hu 《《地质学报》英文版》2020,94(1):75-89

The Cuobuzha high-Cr chromitites in the western segment of Yarlung Zangbo Suture Zone of Tibet are mainly hosted in the harzburgites as massive type, which are characterized by high concentrations of platinum group elements (PGE) ranging from 380 to 577 ppb, and low Pd/Ir ratios (<0.1). In mid-ocean ridge basalts (MORB)-normalized spidergrams, chromites of the Cuobuzha chromitites are depleted in Al, Ga, V, Mg and Zn, and enriched in Mn and Cr, sharing similar patterns with those of ophiolitic boninites in the Bonin and Thetford Mines. Approximately 20 platinum group mineral (PGM) grains were discovered from the samples, including laurite, erlichmanite, Os-Fe alloy, cuproiridsite, and irarsite. The PGM assemblages indicate that sulfur fugacity was initially low enough to allow the precipitation of Os-Fe alloy and increased thereafter, with the fall in temperature. Primary Fe-Ni and Fe-Cr alloys, which are stable in a highly reduced environment, occur as inclusions within chromites or clinopyroxenes. Calculated results show that the parental magma has an intimate affinity with boninites. Based on our observations, a model is proposed wherein the Cuobuzha chromitites contain high-pressure and low-pressure chromites. Low-pressure chromites were formed via reaction between boninitic melts and peridotites, during which the high-pressure chromites hosting highly reduced minerals were mobilized by melts and were reallocated to podiform chromitites.  相似文献   

Ore-forming Fluid and Metallogenic Mechanism of Wolframite–Quartz Vein-type Tungsten Deposits in South China     

NI Pei  LI Wensheng  PAN Junyi 《《地质学报》英文版》2020,94(6):1774-1796

South China is endowed with copious wolframite–quartz vein-type W deposits that provide a significant contribution to the world’s tungsten production. Mineralization is spatially associated with highly evolved granites, which have been interpreted as products of ancient crustal anatexis. Ore veins are mainly hosted in low-grade metamorphosed quartz sandstone, slate and granitic rocks. The ore minerals mainly comprise wolframite, cassiterite, scheelite and pyrite, with minor molybdenite, arsenopyrite and chalcopyrite. Typical steeply dipping veins can be divided into five zones from top to the bottom, namely: (I) thread, (II) veinlet, (III) moderate vein, (IV) thick vein, and (V) thin out zones. In general, three types of fluid inclusions at room temperature are commonly recognized in wolframite and/or quartz from these veins: two-phase liquid-rich (type L), two-phase CO2-bearing (type CB), and CO2-rich (type C). Comparative microthermometry performed on fluid inclusions hosted in wolframite and associated quartz indicates that most wolframite was not co-precipitated with the coexisting quartz. Detailed petrographic observation and cathodoluminescence (CL) imaging on coexisting wolframite and quartz of the Yaogangxian deposit, show repeated precipitation of quartz, wolframite, and muscovite, suggesting a more complex fluid process forming these veins. Previous studies of H-O isotopes and fluid inclusions suggested that the main ore-forming fluids forming the wolframite–quartz vein-type deposits had a magmatic source, whereas an unresolved debate is centered on whether mantle material supplemented the ore-forming fluids. The variable CO2 contents in the ore-forming fluids also implies that CO2 might have had a positive effect on ore formation. Fluid inclusion studies indicate that wolframite was most likely deposited during cooling from an initial H2O + NaCl ± CO2 magmatic fluid. In addition, fluid-phase separation and/or mixing with sedimentary fluid might also have played an important role in promoting wolframite deposition. We speculate that these processes determine the precipitation of W to varying degrees whereas the leading mechanistic cause remains an open question. Comprehensive studies on spatial variation of fluid inclusions show that both the steeply and gently dipping veins are consistent with the “five floors” model that may have broader applications to exploration of wolframite–quartz vein-type deposits. Recent quantitative analysis of wolframite- and quartz-hosted fluid inclusions by laser ablation inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry shows enhanced advantages in revealing fluid evolution, tracing the fluid source and dissecting the ore precipitation process. Further studies on wolframite–quartz vein-type W deposits to bring a deeper understanding on ore-forming fluids and the metallogenic mechanism involved.  相似文献   

一种UUV集群抵近目标侦测决策效率评估方法研究          下载免费PDF全文

齐嘉慧  崔培  姜楷娜  吕俊军 《数字海洋与水下攻防》2024,(2):231-235

为实现对不同 UUV 集群自主抵近目标侦测任务中决策效率的评估,分析了被测目标采取不同策略时 UUV 集群决策灵活度,提出了评估 UUV 集群决策效率的 5 个指标：任务准备时间、目标停车集群响应时间、目标转向集群响应时间、目标旋回集群响应时间和目标加速集群响应时间,并建立了评估指标体系。 参考已有试验测试结果,基于字典序法对 5 种类型的 UUV 集群决策效率进行综合评估,并分析了该方法的优缺点,为不同类型 UUV 集群决策效率评估提供了研究思路。  相似文献   

河南省缺水山区的基本找水模式   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1  

裴建国  谢运球  刘新号  袁中侠  谭菊萍 《中国岩溶》1994,13(3):314-321

将系统理论分析方法运用到找水实践中,将水文地质方法与综合物探方法紧密结合,综合考虑各种因素,初步建立了河南省灰岩缺水山区的基本找水模式。它体现了缺水山区地下水赋存的地质－水文地质环境,反映了缺水山区地下水富集的基本特征,是对缺水山区地下水运移规律和赋存特征的高度概括。并在具体找水实践中予以初步应用,取得了较好的效果。   相似文献   

沥青乳液固沙试验     

裴章勤  郭国平  杨发增  刘卫东 《中国沙漠》1983,3(2):23-29

沙埋是沙漠铁路的重要病害形式之一。它是沙漠铁路在运营中造成缓行、停车甚至脱轨的重要原因。我们采用过多种防沙措施, 积累了许多经验, 如: 覆盖沙面、设置沙障、挖截沙沟、固沙造林等。在这些措施中, 以固沙造林效果最好, 具有长期效益, 是治沙的根本途径, 而其它措施只不过是临时性办法, 且要配合使用。  相似文献