Factorial Design Methodological Approach for Enhanced Cadmium Ions Bioremoval by Opuntia Biomass          下载免费PDF全文

Marta Rosique  José M. Angosto  Eric Guibal  María J. Roca  José A. Fernández‐López 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2016,44(8):959-966

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Tropical and Extra-Tropical Influences on the Distribution of Free Tropospheric Humidity Over the Intertropical Belt     

Rémy Roca  Rodrigo Guzman  Julien Lemond  Joke Meijer  Laurence Picon  Hélène Brogniez 《Surveys in Geophysics》2012,33(3-4):565-583

Free tropospheric humidity (FTH) is a key parameter of the radiation budget of the Earth. In particular, its distribution over the intertropical belt has been identified as an important contributor to the water vapour feedback. Idealized radiative transfer computations are performed to underscore the need to consider the whole probability distribution function (PDF) rather than the arithmetical mean of the FTH. The analysis confirmed the overwhelming role of the dry end of the PDF in the radiative perturbation of the top of atmosphere longwave budget. The physical and dynamical processes responsible for the maintenance of this dry part of the FTH distribution are reviewed, and the lateral mixing between the tropics and the extra-tropics is revealed as a major element of the dry air dynamics. The evolution of this lateral mixing in the framework of the global warming is discussed, and perspectives of work are listed as a mean of a conclusion.  相似文献   

Increased predation of juvenile European spiny lobster (Palinurus elephas) in a marine protected area     

David Díaz  Mikel Zabala  Cristina Linares  Bernat Hereu  Pere Abelló 《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2013,47(2):447-453

One of the aims of Mediterranean marine protected areas (MPAs) is to increase populations of exploited species, such as the European spiny lobster (Palinurus elephas), which is considered a key species for its commercial and ecological value. Monitoring of temporal patterns in abundance of early benthic stages of P. elephas indicated that predation may be higher inside the Medes Islands MPA relative to adjacent control sites. Tethering experiments were performed to test whether predation rates actually differed within and outside the MPA. Relative mortality of recently‐settled juveniles inside the MPA was much higher than in control sites in adjacent non‐protected areas. Treatments with and without shelter indicated that predation on recently‐settled juvenile spiny lobsters was moderated by the availability of suitable shelter. The decline or absence of fish predators in the fished area may be the reason why juvenile lobsters outside the MPA experience lower predation than within the MPA.  相似文献   

The West African monsoon onset in 2006: sensitivity to surface albedo, orography, SST and synoptic scale dry-air intrusions using WRF     

Emmanouil Flaounas  Serge Janicot  Sophie Bastin  Rémy Roca 《Climate Dynamics》2012,38(3-4):685-708

In order to test the sensitivity of the transitional phase of the 2006 West African monsoon (WAM) onset to different mechanisms, weather research and forecasting (WRF) model simulations have been carried out addressing the role of the Saharan heat low (SHL) and its sensitivity to the albedo field and to the northern Africa orography, and the role of the sea surface temperature (SST) in the eastern tropical Atlantic and Mediterranean. Lowering albedo over the desert region induces a northward location of the inter-tropical convergence zone (ITCZ), while removing mountains in North Africa reduces rainfall over West Africa. Shifting SST forward by 15?days leads to a northward location of the ITCZ before the WAM onset. However none of these factors modifies the timing of the WAM onset in 2006. The transitional phase of the 2006 WAM onset has been examined in more detail. The enhancement of SHL intensity, combined with the development of the oceanic cold tongue in the Guinea gulf, leads to low-level moisture flux divergence in the ITCZ reducing rainfall and increasing low-level humidity over the Sahel. However, weakening of convection can be clearly attributed to dry-air intrusions in mid-levels, originating from the subtropical westerly jet and associated with Rossby wave pattern over North Africa. Sensitivity tests on the synoptic scale forcing outside of the WRF model domain confirm the dominating role of large-scale dynamics to control the transitional phase of the WAM onset and its timing. However it is shown that the regional factors can modulate this larger scale forcing.  相似文献   

Holocene intramontane lake development: A new model in the Jáchal River Valley, Andean Precordillera, San Juan, Argentina     

Ferran Colombo  Pere Busquets  Nuria Sole de Porta  Carlos Oscar Limarino  Nemesio Heredia  Luis Roberto Rodriguez-Fernandez  Joaquina Alvarez-Marron 《Journal of South American Earth Sciences》2009,28(3):229-238

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First View of the Solar Core from Golf Acoustic Modes     

S. Turck-Chièze  S. Basu  A. S. Brun  J. Christensen-Dalsgaard  A. Eff-Darwich  I. Lopes  F. Pérez Hernández  G. Berthomieu  J. Provost  R. K. Ulrich  F. Baudin  P. Boumier  J. Charra  A. H. Gabriel  R. A. Garcia  G. Grec  C. Renaud  J. M. Robillot  T. Roca Cortés 《Solar physics》1997,175(2):247-265

After 8 months of nearly continuous measurements the GOLF instrument, aboard SOHO, has detected acoustic mode frequencies of more than 100 modes, extending from 1.4 mHz to 4.9 mHz. In this paper, we compare these results with the best available predictions coming from solar models. To verify the quality of the data, we examine the asymptotic seismic parameters; this confirms the improvements achieved in solar models during the last decade. Using the GOLF set of frequencies for l=0, 1, 2, 3 combined with the LOWL second year data set for l > 3 we then carry out inversions to infer properties of the solar core. This largely confirms the previous results down to around 0.1 R⊙, while there remain differences, even closer to the centre, where the present study shows an extreme sensitivity of the inversion results to the values of the frequencies. We finally consider physical processes which may influence directly or indirectly the solar core structure.  相似文献   

Global Oscillations at Low Frequency from the SOHO mission (GOLF)     

A. H. Gabriel  G. Grec  J. Charra  J. -M. Robillot  T. Roca Cortés  S. Turck-Chièze  R. Bocchia  P. Boumier  M. Cantin  E. Cespédes  B. Cougrand  J. Crétolle  L. Damé  M. Decaudin  P. Delache  N. Denis  R. Duc  H. Dzitko  E. Fossat  J. -J. Fourmond  R. A. García  D. Gough  C. Grivel  J. M. Herreros  H. Lagardère  J. -P. Moalic  P. L. Pallé  N. Pétrou  M. Sanchez  R. Ulrich  H. B. van der Raay 《Solar physics》1995,162(1-2):61-99

The GOLF experiment on the SOHO mission aims to study the internal structure of the sun by measuring the spectrum of global oscillations in the frequency range 10^–7 to 10^–2 Hz. Bothp andg mode oscillations will be investigated, with the emphasis on the low order long period waves which penetrate the solar core. The instrument employs an extension to space of the proven ground-based technique for measuring the mean line-of-sight velocity of the viewed solar surface. By avoiding the atmospheric disturbances experienced from the ground, and choosing a non-eclipsing orbit, GOLF aims to improve the instrumental sensitivity limit by an order of magnitude to 1 mm s^–1 over 20 days for frequencies higher than 2.10^–4 Hz. A sodium vapour resonance cell is used in a longitudinal magnetic field to sample the two wings of the solar absorption line. The addition of a small modulating field component enables the slope of the wings to be measured. This provides not only an internal calibration of the instrument sensitivity, but also offers a further possibility to recognise, and correct for, the solar background signal produced by the effects of solar magnetically active regions. The use of an additional rotating polariser enables measurement of the mean solar line-of-sight magnetic field, as a secondary objective.  相似文献   

Holocene environmental changes of Lake Geneva (Lac Léman) from stable isotopes (δ13C, δ18O) and trace element records of ostracod and gastropod carbonates     

Pere Anadón  Andrea Moscariello  Julio Rodríguez-Lázaro  M. L. Filippi 《Journal of Paleolimnology》2006,36(1):117-117

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Holocene Environmental Changes of Lake Geneva (Lac Léman) from Stable Isotopes (δ13C, δ18O) and Trace Element Records of Ostracod and Gastropod Carbonates     

Pere Anadón  Andrea Moscariello  Julio Rodríguez-Lázaro  M. L. Filippi 《Journal of Paleolimnology》2006,35(3):593-616

Stable isotopes and trace-element contents of ostracod (Candona neglecta) valves mostly from the Holocene portion of two assembled cores from Petit Lac (Lake Geneva, Switzerland-France) were analysed in order to depict the geochemical record of post-glacial environmental changes of this lake. Additional stable isotope and trace element data from the gastropod Bithynia tentaculata (shells and opercula) from some intervals of these cores, as well as previous data from bulk carbonate from the lower part of the studied intervals were also considered. Mg/Ca and Sr/Ca molar ratios for the Holocene lake water have been estimated from evaluations of the partitioning coefficients for Mg and Sr for C. neglecta and B. tentaculata taking into account the modern-lake water composition. This study shows an overall gentle trend to higher δ¹⁸O values in C. neglecta valves from the Boreal interval (mean −8.44‰) to the upper part of the core (mean −8.11‰). This trend is superimposed to higher frequency oscillations of stable isotope values and trace element ratios, especially through the upper Older Atlantic and the Subboreal. The overall isotopic oxygen trend includes several shifts in δ¹⁸O of about 1‰. These shifts are interpreted as major regional-global climate changes that have also been observed in other coeval δ¹⁸O and pollen records which reflect the Holocene climate variability in other European basins. Especially well-defined peaks in some episodes like Older Atlantic (~8200 yr BP), Younger Atlantic – Subboreal transition (~5600 yr BP) and early Subatlantic (~ 2500 yr BP) correspond to well-recognized events in globally-distributed records. Some of these shifts are correlated with pulses in the lake-level curve of the Lake Geneva. An erratum to this article is available at .  相似文献   

The transition from thick-skinned to thin-skinned tectonics in the Basque-Cantabrian Pyrenees: the Burgalesa Platform and surroundings     

Eloi Carola  Josep Anton Muñoz  Eduard Roca 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》2015,104(8):2215-2239

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