鄂尔多斯盆地长7段页岩生烃活化能分布及其对页岩原位转化的启发     

郑瑞辉  李志鹏  曾文人  余麒麟  满凯旋  肖伟  张枝焕 《地质学报》2023,97(1):197-209

鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系延长组7段(长7段)中—低熟(R_o<1.0%)页岩面积占该段页岩总面积的90%左右,中—低熟页岩油/油页岩资源丰富,原位转化作为实现其工业开采的有效途径日益受到各方的关注。生烃转化率和活化能是影响页岩原位转化和开采潜力的关键因素,前人研究表明研究区长7段页岩生烃活化能分布特征存在较大的差别,但其分布规律及其控制因素尚不清楚,尤其是有机质丰度、成熟度等对页岩生烃特征和动力学过程的控制作用及其成因机制尚不明确,这必将制约研究区页岩原位转化条件和资源潜力的评价。本次研究选取了长7段成熟度相近、不同有机质丰度的5块页岩样品以及有机质丰度相近、不同成熟度的5块页岩样品,通过开放热模拟实验确定了样品的生烃动力学参数,讨论了有机质丰度和成熟度对长7段页岩动力学特征的影响。根据烃源岩生烃过程的时间-温度补偿原理,将实验室条件下获得的动力学参数外推至页岩原位转化条件下,分析了有机质丰度和成熟度对长7段页岩原位转化温度区间的影响。结果表明,在成熟度相近的情况下,受有机质中藻类体等腐泥组的富集程度影响,烃源岩的生烃活化能随有机质丰度的增大而增大;在有机质丰度相近...  相似文献   

多普勒雷达资料同化在“7.21”北京特大暴雨个例中的应用   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4       下载免费PDF全文

王洪  王东海  万齐林 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2015,73(4):679-696

基于WRF(Weather Research Forecast)模式和GSI(Gridpoint Statistical Interpolation)同化系统,研究了同化4部多普勒雷达探测资料对"7.21"北京特大暴雨过程中降水预报的改善作用。GSI系统直接同化径向风,而采用云分析的方式间接同化反射率。2012年7月20日21时—21日00时(世界时)雷达探测资料同化试验采用30 min循环同化径向风和反射率资料。结果表明,循环同化雷达探测资料改善了短时(0—6 h)和短期(0—24 h)降水预报,ETS评分提高了约0.2。同化反射率资料增加了初始场的水凝物,改善了温度场分布,直接影响了降水的形成,同时还使650—250 hPa位势高度的均方根误差平均降低了8 gpm。直接同化径向风资料对中尺度风场产生了一定影响。ETS评分结果表明:同化反射率资料的效果要优于同化径向风。  相似文献   

一种改进的华西秋雨指数及其气候特征   总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6  

蒋竹将  马振峰  刘佳  李奇临 《大气科学》2014,38(1):32-44

利用1960～2011年中国601站9～10月逐日降水量、日照时数资料,针对他人提出的华西秋雨指数,并结合华西秋雨的天气气候特征,改进建立了一种新的华西秋雨指数,并与他人提出的指数做了对比分析。结果表明：改进的华西秋雨指数能够相对更好的反映华西秋雨易发地区的地理分布及其强度变化,更准确地表征华西秋雨的年际、年代际变化特征;利用新指数发现华西秋雨的全区一致性特征明显,并呈现准6年周期的年际变化,其年代际变化特征明显,1960年代到1970年代初,1980年代到1990年代初偏强,1970年代中后期和1990年代后期偏弱,进入21世纪,呈现出由弱转强的趋势。  相似文献   

近岸海洋气象平台涡动相关数据处理与质量控制   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

赵中阔  廖菲  刘春霞  毕雪岩  王介民  万齐林  黄建 《地球科学进展》2011,26(9):954-964

涡动相关方法在海洋—大气界面通量过程的观测研究中得到广泛应用。通量观测的数据质量很大程度上取决于环境条件和订正方法的正确应用,因此需要对数据进行处理与质量控制。基于博贺海洋气象平台上方2层涡动相关系统约7个月的湍流观测数据,分析了目前未能在数据采集平台上实时运行的几种订正方法对通量结果的影响。分析表明：在通量值较小时,...  相似文献   

Improvement of the Surface Pressure Operator in GRAPES and Its Application in Precipitation Forecasting in South China   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

HUANG Yanyan  XUE Jishan  WAN Qilin  CHEN Zitong  DING Weiyu  ZHANG Chengzhong 《大气科学进展》2013,30(2):354-366

In this study we investigated the problems involved in assimilating surface pressure in the current global and regional assimilation and prediction system, GRAPES. A new scheme of assimilating surface pressure was proposed, including a new interpolation scheme and a refreshed background covariance. The new scheme takes account of the differences between station elevation and model topography, and it especially deals with stations located at elevations below that of the first model level. Contrast experiments were conducted using both the original and the new assimilation schemes. The influence of the new interpolation scheme and the updated background covariance were investigated. Our results show that the new interpolation scheme utilized more observations and improved the quality of the mass analysis. The background covariance was refreshed using statistics resulting from the technique proposed by Parrish and Derber in 1992. Experiments show that the updated vertical covariance may have a positive influence on the analysis at higher levels of the atmosphere when assimilating surface pressure. This influence may be more significant if the quality of the background field at high levels is poor. A series of assimilation experiments were performed to test the validity of the new scheme. The corresponding simulation experiments were conducted using the analysis of both schemes as initial conditions. The results indicated that the new scheme leads to better forecasting of sea level pressure and precipitation in South China, especially the forecast of moderate and heavy rain.  相似文献   

江苏典型地区河流沉积物重金属元素分布特征及其污染来源   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

廖启林  任静华  姜丽 《江苏地质》2018,42(4):651-661

通过对河流沉积物等地表沉积物中重金属元素分布等环境地球化学调查数据的统计分析,总结了江苏典型地区河流沉积物中重金属元素的分布特点与规律:江苏局部地区河流沉积物中,Cd、Pb、Zn、Cr、Cu、Ni、Hg等相对富集趋势明显,Cd最大富集倍数 100;不同河流沉积物的重金属元素分布存在差异,与其污染来源密切相关;工业排放是导致河流重金属污染的主要原因,使用含Cd的颜料作为调色剂导致部分河流出现严重Cd污染;与土壤等其他地表沉积物相比,河流沉积物中重金属元素的分布更不均衡。查明河流沉积物的重金属元素分布可为相关农产品安全性预测、确定重金属污染来源、追踪涉重产业的发展历程、防治局部耕地重金属污染等提供科学依据。  相似文献   

Spatial pattern of heavy metal concentration in the soil of rapid urbanization area: a case of Ehu Town,Wuxi City,Eastern China   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Jianguo Li  Lijie Pu  Ming Zhu  Qilin Liao  Haiyan Wang  Fangfang Cai 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2014,71(8):3355-3362

Urbanization has an important effect on the soil ecosystem. Anthropogenic activities during urban sprawl are the sources and methods of migration, transition, and concentration of heavy metals in the soil. In this paper, the Yangtze River delta, the fastest urbanization area in China, was selected to study the influence of urbanization on heavy metal concentration in the soil. The analysis was performed on 218 samples collected from a typical industrial town in the delta. The content of six heavy metals (Hg, Cd, As, Pb, Cu, and Zn) was measured, which showed that the soil was seriously polluted by heavy metals, particularly Hg. In the study area, human activities were the major factors for the heavy metal concentration in the soil. The average content of Hg in the 0–500 m zone from the urban core was 1.4 mg/kg, about five times higher than the grade II threshold of the Chinese Environmental Quality Standard for Soils. The content of Hg, Cd, Pb, and Cu decreased gradually with increasing distance from the core of the built-up area, especially Hg. The influence of the anthropogenic activities was found to be anisotropic, and effects in the direction of 315° and 225° were most significant. Hg pollution in the 225° direction of the study area was more serious. These results suggested that the urbanization process affects not only the content but also the spatial pattern of heavy metal concentration in the soil.  相似文献   

职业教育资源分布影响因素及空间均衡性研究     

曾浩淼  张学敏  任启琳  吴锋 《地理学报》2022,77(12):3180-3193

厘清中、高等职业教育资源分布及其影响因素是完善中国职业教育体系、推动职业教育区域均衡发展的重要命题。本文针对县域尺度上职业教育资源空间分布特征及影响因素认识的不足,收集制备了县域尺度多要素匹配数据集,解析了2000—2020年间中国中等与高等职业教育资源的空间分布特征及其与经济社会发展指标的关系,进而从分布均衡性、产业匹配的角度诊断了中国职业教育资源的布局优化方向,提炼了优化发展建议。研究表明,中国中等与高等职业教育资源在不同空间尺度上均呈现以“胡焕庸线”为界东密西疏的分布格局。从影响因素差异上看,15岁以下人口占比和二、三产企业数量分别对中职、高职院校规模起到积极正影响。同时,中职教育资源分布显示出普遍性、下沉性及西部欠均衡的特征,而高职教育资源则表现出地级市内部区县间差异占主导,东部地区均衡性弱的特征。因此,研究建议根据地方与周边经济发展、产业和人才需求,优化分级、分类职业教育资源的配置。东部地区合理调控市域间高职院校资源配置,西部地区加大均衡性较差区县的中职教育资源投入,实现跨区协同合作;构建依托高职院校资源聚集的市域,带动周边县域专业相衔接的中职院校发展,持续提升其社会认可度,助力乡村振兴与新型城镇化建设。  相似文献   

Geological and Geochemical Characteristics of the Huangshilao Stratabound Gold Deposit in the Tongguanshan Orefield,Tongling, East‐Central China     

Gongjian Li  Qingfei Wang  Jiaqi Wang  Qilin Fang 《Resource Geology》2013,63(2):141-154

The Huangshilao gold deposit (>13.5 t Au) is comprised of stratabound pyrite‐dominant massive sulfide ores, and is distinguished from the skarn Cu, Au, and Cu–Au deposits that are dominant in the Tongguanshan orefield, Tongling, east‐central China. The stratabound orebodies are situated along flexural slip faults along the unconformity between the Upper Devonian Wutong and the Upper Carboniferous Huanglong Formations. The ores, dominated by crystallized pyrite, colloform pyrite, and pyrrhotite, are systematically sampled from the underground stopes along strike drifts. The δ³⁴S values of ore sulfides yield a wide variation from ?11.3 to 11.4‰, but mostly within 4–8‰, corresponding to the δ³⁴S range (3.4–8.7‰) of the Yanshanian Tongguanshan and Tianshan quartz diorite intrusions in the Tongguanshan orefield, suggesting a magmatic dominated sulfur source. Few obvious negative δ³⁴S values are induced by an involvement of sedimentation‐related biogenic sulfur. The wide δ³⁴S variation denotes an incongruent physical and chemical interaction of the two sources. Combined analysis of gold contents and sulfur isotopes of the sulfides show that the magmatic hydrothermal solution provides primary metals despite a small quantity that may have been contributed by the sedimentary pyrites. The hydrothermal alteration, thermal metamorphism, trace element concentration in pyrites, and existing aeromagnetic data jointly suggest that the hydrothermal fluid migrated vertically from an intrusion below, along the flexural slip faults, but not laterally from the nearby outcrop of Tianshan stock.  相似文献   

再论鄂尔多斯盆地寒武纪岩相古地理及沉积构造演化     

陈启林  白云来  马玉虎  刘晓光 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2013,43(6):1697

鄂尔多斯盆地深部是目前我国石油领域研究的热点。在构造控制沉积的思想指导下,运用层序地层学理论,以野外露头观察、岩心观察、测井和地震剖面研究为基础,以单因素分析-综合编图为方法,以盆地寒武纪构造-沉积演化为主线,以储层-成藏为目标,首次编制了三级层序地层格架下的鄂尔多斯盆地寒武纪岩相古地理图。本区寒武纪具有一个由清水与浑水交替出现的碳酸盐岩缓坡向台地、局限台地演化的动态过程,而且古气候也有一个由干旱向相对潮湿演变的趋势。早期近南北分异,晚期近东西向分异。早期南部存在奥拉谷。中晚期除北部和西缘部分地区外,鄂尔多斯古陆基本被海水覆盖,完成了从陆到海的转变,形成了以陆表海浅水台地为主要特点的古地理格局。“古鄂尔多斯海”的形成是环境变化的转折点。晚期西部发生隆起,这是鄂尔多斯盆地“中央古隆起”的雏形。该隆起走向近南北,与奥陶纪中央古隆起范围基本相同。通过构造沉积-演化分析,首次明确了“中央古陆”最早的形成时间为寒武纪芙蓉世到早奥陶世,也明确了鄂尔多斯盆地寒武纪早期潮坪相为优势相带、而张夏组鲕粒滩具环陆分布特点、三山子多孔白云岩主要发生于寒武系上部,具有全区分布特点。怀远运动是寒武系顶部遭受风化剥蚀而发生岩溶作用的主因。祁连洋的俯冲作用是鄂尔多斯古陆发生变异的主要动力。怀远运动形成的寒武系顶部（包括部分下奥陶统）不整合面可能是最重要的深部勘探方向。  相似文献