Mainshock-aftershock state-dependent fragility curves: A case of wood-frame houses in British Columbia,Canada     

Lizhong Zhang  Katsuichiro Goda  Flavia De Luca  Raffaele De Risi 《地震工程与结构动力学》2020,49(9):884-903

During a mainshock-aftershock (MSAS) sequence, there is no time to retrofit structures that are damaged by a mainshock; therefore, aftershocks could cause additional damage. This study proposes a new approach to develop state-dependent fragility curves using real MSAS records. Specifically, structural responses before and after each event of MSAS sequences are used to obtain statistical relationships among the engineering demand parameter prior to the seismic event (pre-EDP), the intensity measure of the seismic event (IM), and the engineering demand parameter after the seismic event (post-EDP). The developed fragility curves account for damage accumulation, providing the exceeding probability of damage state (DS) given the IM of the event and the DS of the structure prior to the seismic excitation. The UBC-SAWS model, which was developed for wood-frame houses in British Columbia, Canada, is considered as a case study application. Results indicate that for the examined structural typology, state-dependent fragility curves based on residual interstorey drift ratio (pre-EDP), peak ground velocity (IM), and maximum inter-storey drift ratio (post-EDP) are the best choice to characterise the cumulative damage effect. An illustration of the developed fragility curves is provided by considering a hypothetical MSAS scenario of a M_w 9.0 Cascadia mainshock triggering a M_w 6.0 crustal event in the Leech River fault, affecting wooden houses in Victoria, Canada. The MSAS scenario increases Yellow tags (restricted access) by 12.3% and Red tags (no access) by 4.8%.  相似文献   

Environmental Hazard of Capable Faults: The Case of the Pernicana Fault (Mt. Etna,Sicily     

Azzaro  Raffaele  Ferreli  Luca  Michetti  Alessandro Maria  Serva  Leonello  Vittori  Eutizio 《Natural Hazards》1998,17(2):147-162

When dealing with hazard, the concept of fault capability (the probability of significant surface displacement in the near future) is more useful than the generic and often misleading concept of fault activity. The example of the Pernicana fault, located in the north-eastern flank of the Mt. Etna volcano is used here to illustrate the damage which can be expected in an urbanised area from a capable fault, in this case characterized by 'aseismic creep along part of its length. Along this fault, buildings, roads and other essential lifelines are being affected by slow, left-lateral displacement. The Pernicana fault is only one of a set of structures in the area whose movement, either connected to seismicity or not, is producing severe damage. First identified at the end of the last century, this source of hazard is, nevertheless, still poorly considered by planners and technicians. In Italy fault creep is quite rare outside the Etna region, but fault capability associated with strong earthquakes is relatively frequent, based on historical and palaeoseismological data, and is a feature that should be taken into account for hazard reduction programs.  相似文献   

The absolute magnitude of field metal-poor horizontal branch stars     

Raffaele G. Gratton 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》1998,296(3):739-745

Hipparcos satellite parallaxes for 22 metal-poor field horizontal branch stars with V ₀<9 are used to derive their absolute magnitude. The weighted mean value is M_V =+0.69±0.10 for an average metallicity of [Fe/H]=−1.41; a somewhat brighter average magnitude of M_V =+0.60±0.12 for an average metallicity of [Fe/H]=−1.51 is obtained by eliminating HD 17072, which might be on the first ascent of the giant branch rather than on the horizontal branch. The present values agree with the determinations based on proper motions and application of the Baade–Wesselink method to field RR Lyraes; they are 0.1–0.2 mag fainter than those based on calibration of cluster distances obtained by using local subdwarfs and on alternative distance calibrators for the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC). The possibility that there is a real difference between the luminosity of the horizontal branch for clusters and the field is briefly commented on.  相似文献   

The magnetohydrodynamic turbulent cascade in the ecliptic solar wind: Study of Ulysses data   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Raffaele Marino  Luca Sorriso-Valvo  Pierluigi Veltri  Roberto Bruno 《Planetary and Space Science》2011,59(7):592-597

The occurrence of a nonlinear turbulent energy cascade in solar wind plasma has been recently established through the observation of an exact law from spacecraft measurements. The main results obtained in the fast, polar wind measured by Ulysses spacecraft are reviewed here. In particular, the turbulent cascade is seen as the mean to provide the energy necessary for the local heating in the non-adiabatic expansion of the solar wind. The importance of the density fluctuations in enhancing the turbulent energy transport is also evidenced. The ecliptic wind data measured by Ulysses are studied here in the same framework. This has been done by separating fast and slow streams, in order to avoid mixing of different physical conditions. The results further support the need for separate analysis of the two types of wind.  相似文献   

Risk Assessment of Aquifer Salinization in a Large‐Scale Coastal Irrigation Scheme,Italy          下载免费PDF全文

Daniele Zaccaria  Giuseppe Passarella  Daniela D'Agostino  Raffaele Giordano  Samuel Sandoval Solis 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2016,44(4):371-382

  相似文献   

Bayesian Cloud Analysis: efficient structural fragility assessment using linear regression   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Fatemeh Jalayer  Raffaele De Risi  Gaetano Manfredi 《Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering》2015,13(4):1183-1203

  相似文献   

Bearing capacity of pile groups under vertical eccentric load     

Di Laora  Raffaele  de Sanctis  Luca  Aversa  Stefano 《Acta Geotechnica》2019,14(1):193-205

The paper deals with the problem of the bearing capacity of pile groups under vertical eccentric load. Widespread practice is to consider the achievement of the axial capacity on the outermost pile as the ultimate limit state of the pile group. However, this approach neglects the ductility of the foundation system and may be thereby overconservative. With the aim of proposing an alternative and more rational approach, a novel formulation for interaction diagrams based on theorems of limit analysis is presented and discussed. The methodology is applicable to the general case of groups of unevenly distributed, dissimilar piles. Piles’ connections to the pile cap are modeled as either hinges or rigid-plastic internal fixities. An application example to a slender structure is also provided, showing that the proposed approach can lead to significant advantages over the traditional design.

  相似文献   

The meromictic alpine Lake Cadagno: Orographical and biogeochemical description     

Claudio Del Don  Kurt W. Hanselmann  Raffaele Peduzzi  Reinhard Bachofen 《Aquatic Sciences - Research Across Boundaries》2001,63(1):70-90

  相似文献   

Biomass composition and methods for the determination of metabolic reserve polymers in phototrophic sulfur bacteria     

Claudio Del Don  Kurt W. Hanselmann  Raffaele Peduzzi  Reinhard Bachofen 《Aquatic Sciences - Research Across Boundaries》1994,56(1):1-15

To study nutrient fluxes within aquatic ecosystems, the synthesis of biomass and of various storage polymers has been analysed in samples from a meromictic alpine lake. Methods are described for the quantitative determination of whole cell biomass, glycogen, polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) and sulfur. Methods were adapted to conditions present in natural environments and tested with samples from blooms of Chromatiaceae and with corresponding laboratory cultures. Dried bacterioplankton-biomass has been analyzed for sulfur, glycogen and polyhydroxyalkanoates, and after complete oxidation for SO ₄ ^2- , NO ₃ ^- and HPO ₄ ^2- . The average elemental composition of biomass from phototrophic sulfur bacteria, depleted of sulfur and carbon storage compounds, was C₃₈₀H₅₈₀O₁₅₃N₆₇P₃S_2.5M, where M stands for the content of the remaining minor elements. C, H, O, N, P and S accounted for 86.7% of the total dry mass. Storage sulfur in natural populations was equivalent to 2.5% to 13.5% of the dry mass; its content varied by 80% within a diurnal cycle. Glycogen contents fluctuated by approximately 50%; they accounted for 7.5% to 15.2% of the dry cell mass. The total content of reserve materials per cell never exceeded 30% of the dry mass. PHA had not been found in appreciable amounts in cells harvested from the natural lake habitat. Under certain conditions in the laboratoryChromatium okenii could be induced, however, to produce polyhydroxyalkanoates. Sulfur, glycogen and PHA contents of 33, 26 and 11%, respectively, were achieved under laboratory-culture conditions. Cells with up to 60% of their dry mass consisting of reserve materials can be obtained under selected laboratory conditions.  相似文献   

Comparaison au moyen de la lysotypie entre souches d'Aeromonas de pisciculture et souches isolées de l'homme     

Par Raffaele Peduzzi  Antonella Demarta 《Aquatic Sciences - Research Across Boundaries》1986,48(2):161-170

The spreading of bacteria of the genusAeromonas in intensive fish rearing tanks was analyzed during one year. Lysotyping has established epidemiologic correlations between the strains ofAeromonas isolated from the aquatic environment and those of clinical (human) origin.

---

---

Dédié à Wolfgang Geiger  相似文献