鄂西秭归盆地中三叠世-早侏罗世沉积记录及其对秦岭印支碰撞造山作用的启示     

柴嵘  杨江海  杜远生  丁典识 《地质科技情报》2016,(4):43-49

随着印支期南秦岭勉略洋盆闭合,华南和华北两大块体最终拼贴、构成中国大陆的基本轮廓。普遍认为这一洋陆转换、碰撞造山发生在三叠纪,但具体时间和空间过程仍存在较多争议。秭归盆地位于秦岭逆冲褶皱带东段南缘,是扬子北缘前陆盆地系统的重要组成,在沉积序列和碎屑来源上与秦岭印支期造山作用密切相关。该盆地经历早中三叠世滨-浅海相到晚三叠世-早侏罗世三角洲-河流相的沉积转变,中三叠统巴东组和上三叠统九里岗组之间发育平行不整合。不整合面之上的上三叠统-下侏罗统砂岩在碎屑组分上不仅含有泥岩、粉砂岩等沉积岩岩屑和千枚岩、板岩和片岩等中-低级变质岩岩屑,而且还见有中酸性火山岩岩屑。结合碎屑锆石颗粒U-Pb定年和古流向数据,这些火山岩岩屑揭示北部的秦岭造山带源区在晚三叠世(225~200Ma)存在火山活动,与同期的花岗质侵入岩一起反映秦岭印支期的同碰撞造山岩浆活动。  相似文献   

Study on the Global Carbon Assimilation System Based on Multisource Remote Sensing Data     

Ju Weimin  Fang Hongliang  Tian Xiangjun  Jiang Fei  Zhan Wenfeng  Liu Yang  Wang Zhengxing  He Jianfeng  Wang Shaoqiang  Peng Shushi  Zhang Yongguang  Zhou Yanlian  Jia Binghao  Yang Dongxu  Fu Yu  Li Rong  Liu Jingxian  Wang Haikun  Li Guicai  Chen Zhuoqi 《地球科学进展》2016,31(11):1105-1110

The Paris agreement signed in April, 2016 aims to balance global anthropogenic carbon emissions and terrestrial carbon sinks by the middle of the 21^st century. To fulfill this goal, it is necessary to calculate carbon fluxes of different regions reliably. The global carbon assimilation system is an effective technique for achieving this goal. The Ministry of Science and Technology of China supports the project entitled as study on the global carbon assimilation system based on multisource remote sensing data through the national key research and development programs for global change and adaptation during the thirteen-five period. This project will develop synergic inversion techniques for retrieving key parameters of biological and atmospheric cycles and for assimilating multisource remote sensing and ground based data. Then, the high resolution global carbon assimilation system coupled with an ecological model will be constructed. This system is able to assimilate jointly multisource observation data and to optimize key model parameters, photosynthesis and respiration carbon fluxes of global terrestrial ecosystems, and anthropogenic carbon emission fluxes of key regions. This system will be used to study quantitatively the spatial and temporal patterns of carbon fluxes of global terrestrial ecosystems and anthropogenic carbon emission fluxes of key regions and to identify the mechanisms driving the global terrestrial carbon sinks and sources. The outputs of this study will be helpful for the fulfillment of the key research and development programs for global change and adaptation and provide valuable data and technical support for the decision-making in China.  相似文献   

黄、东海陆架2011年秋季活体浮游有孔虫生态分布     

吕红红  向荣 《海洋学报》2016,38(2):93-103

现代活体浮游有孔虫的生态研究是其古环境重建应用的重要基础。根据黄、东海陆架2011年秋季采集的20个垂直浮游拖网样品,分析了该海域浮游有孔虫的秋季生态分布特征。结果表明,黄海秋季基本上没有浮游有孔虫的出现。东海共发现13种活体浮游有孔虫,主要优势属种依次为Globigerinoides sacculifer、Pulleniatina obliquiloculata、Globigerina bulloides、Neogloboquadrina dutertrei和Globigerinoides ruber。浮游有孔虫丰度整体上呈现东南高,西北低的分布格局,这种分布格局反映了浮游有孔虫在黄、东海陆架区的分布主要受外海水影响强弱控制。浮游有孔虫主要属种在东海陆架呈现明显的区域分布差异:暖水种G. sacculifer是秋季陆架海区的主要优势种,其分布格局与总丰度基本一致,相对含量从南至北、从东至西逐渐降低,主要受区域表层海水温度变化的控制。G. bulloides与G. sacculifer呈相反的含量分布变化,其高含量主要出现在东海中陆架,从北往南逐渐降低,此外,在闽浙沿岸也有较高含量,表明了温度和生产力是影响G. bulloides在黄、东海陆架分布的主要因素。秋季P. obliquiloculata和N. dutertrei的高含量主要出现在东海南部中陆架区和济州岛西南黄海暖流影响区,可能受暖水与生产力的共同制约。  相似文献   

Modern modes of provenance and dispersal of terrigenous sediments in the North Pacific and Bering Sea: implications and perspectives for palaeoenvironmental reconstructions   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Rong Wang  Boris K. Biskaborn  Arne Ramisch  Jian Ren  Yongzhan Zhang  Rainer Gersonde  Bernhard Diekmann 《Geo-Marine Letters》2016,36(4):259-270

During expedition 202 aboard the RV Sonne in 2009, 39 seafloor surface sediment sites were sampled over a wide sector of the North Pacific and adjoining Bering Sea. The data served to infer land–ocean linkages of terrigenous sediment supply in terms of major sources and modes of sediment transport within an over-regional context. This is based on an integrated approach dealing with grain-size analysis, bulk mineralogy and clay mineralogy in combination with statistical data evaluation (end-member modelling of grain-size data, fuzzy cluster analysis of mineralogical data). The findings on clay mineralogy served to update those of earlier work extracted from the literature. Today, two processes of terrigenous sediment supply prevail in the study area: far-distance aeolian sediment supply to the pelagic North Pacific, and hemipelagic sediment dispersal from nearby land sources via ocean currents along the continental margins and island arcs. Aeolian particles show the finest grain sizes (clay and fine silt), whereas hemipelagic sediments have high abundances of coarse silt. Exposed sites on seamounts and the continental slope are partly swept by strong currents, leading to residual enrichment of fine sand. Four sediment sources can be distinguished on the basis of distinct index minerals revealed by statistical data analysis: dust plumes from central Asia (quartz, illite), altered materials from the volcanic regions of Kamchatka and the Aleutian Arc (smectite), detritus from the Alaskan Cordillera (chlorite, hornblende), and fluvial detritus from far-eastern Siberia and the Alaska mainland (quartz, feldspar, illite). These findings confirm those of former studies but considerably expand the geographic range of this suite of proxies as far south as 39°N in the open North Pacific. The present integrated methodological approach proved useful in identifying the major modern processes of terrigenous sediment supply to the study region. This aspect deserves attention in the selection of sediment core sites for future palaeoenvironmental reconstructions related to aeolian and glacial dynamics, as well as the recognition of palaeo-ocean circulation patterns in general.  相似文献   

海洋Pseudomonasaeruginosasp.DES-3的鉴定以及基因ap02对其产蛋白酶的影响研究          下载免费PDF全文

刘瑶  陈俊海  肖桂龙  孟灿  曾蓉  武波  蒋承建 《海洋科学进展》2016,34(4):553-559

海洋是地球上最大的生态系统,其多样独特的生态环境造就了其有别于其他环境的微生物资源。本研究利用蛋白酶的活性筛选策略,从辽宁省营口市某海洋淤泥中分离得到一株产蛋白酶的优势菌株DES-3。通过微生物形态学特征、生理生化性质和16SrDNA基因鉴定以及系统发育进化关系的分析,将该菌株鉴定为铜绿假单胞菌属,命名为Pseudomonas aeruginosa sp.DES-3。其胞外蛋白酶的最适反应温度和最适pH分别为55℃和9.0。将来自于碱性污染土壤宏基因组文库的编码碱性蛋白酶基因ap02与广宿主表达载体pBBR1MCS-5连接,转化至野生型菌株P.aeruginosasp.DES-3细胞中,成功构建了基因工程菌株P.aeruginosasp.DES-3/pBBR1MCS-5-ap02。基因工程菌株的最适反应温度为60℃,较野生型菌株提高了5℃。本研究构建基因工程菌株的策略可为菌株的改造和相应工业应用提供一定的技术参考。  相似文献   

Geochemistry and geochronology of Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous intrusions related to some Au (Sb) deposits in southern Anhui: a case study and review     

Qing Hu  Huangling Gu  Xiaoyong Yang  Yisu Ren  Ergen Gao  Zhangxing Nie 《中国地球化学学报》2018,37(3):360-383

Some Au deposits in southern Anhui Province have recently been found to be closely associated with Late Mesozoic intrusions. Typical examples include the Huashan Au (Sb) deposit and Au deposits at Zhaojialing, Wuxi, and Liaojia. In order to understand the mechanisms that led the formation of these Au deposits, we make detailed reviews on the geological characteristics of these Au deposits. Specifically, we present new LA-ICP-MS zircon U–Pb dating, along with elemental and Hf isotopic data from the Huashan Au (Sb) deposit. Our data suggests that the Huashan ore-related intrusions were emplaced during the Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous periods (144–148 Ma). They are characterized by arc-magma features and high oxygen fugacity and are rich in inherited zircons. Zircon U–Pb ages and Lu–Hf isotopes from intrusions suggest that Proterozoic juvenile lithosphere is the main source of these intrusions. The regional geological history implies that lithosphere beneath southern Anhui was produced during a Proterozoic subduction and was fertilized with Au (Cu) in the process. Integrated with the results of previous studies, we inferred that Late Mesozoic intrusions formed by the remelting of the lithosphere could provide the metal endowment for the Au-rich deposits in southern Anhui.  相似文献   

新疆乌苏市巴音沟煤层气勘探井护壁堵漏技术          下载免费PDF全文

陈磊  赵廷忠  夏荣  尼亮亮 《探矿工程》2018,45(5):50-54

在煤层气勘探井固体岩心钻探施工过程中,遇岩层构造发育、地下水系发达的施工条件,钻进中往往发生钻井多层漏失、护壁困难的情况。因煤层气勘探井对录井工作的特殊要求,护壁堵漏工作的成功与否成为钻探施工的关键。在进行钻井护壁堵漏处理时,因技术方法不得当或未采取正确的计算经常导致护壁堵漏失败,甚至引发重大的钻探事故。通过对工区施工的经验总结,提出了切实可行的护壁堵漏技术措施,为类似地层钻井勘探施工提供借鉴。  相似文献   

川西坳陷新场构造带须家河组超压演化与流体的关系   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

黄丽飞  楼章华  陈明玉  朱蓉  王君 《地质通报》2018,37(5):954-964

沉积盆地超压体系是油气勘探与开发过程中一个不容忽视的问题,不仅影响了地质流体的运移和聚集,更为勘探带来安全隐患。以实测地压和油田水化学数据为基础,对川西坳陷新场构造带须四段和须二段现今地层水矿化度与现今压力系数关系进行比较,结合地层水特征系数和阴阳离子关系,综合前人研究结果,对须四段和须二段压力演化史与地层水演化过程进行分析,考察川西坳陷须家河组超压系统演化与地层水演化的耦合关系。结果表明,须家河组超压发育与地层水具有密切的联系:(1)须家河组储层段压力分布范围较广,在弱超压至超强压之间,须二段属于中超压而须四段属于超高压,平面分布中须二段探测井中矿化度随压力系数增加而减少,须四段则相反;(2)在压实过程中,由于流体排驱受阻导致"欠压实"超压的产生,随着超压的不断积聚,局部出现裂缝,导致地层水更加强烈的混合作用和运移;(3)生烃作用导致自生压力增大,地层水离子水岩作用强烈,造成流体包裹体与现今地层水离子成分分异;(4)构造挤压抬升过程中,须四段裂缝不发育,压力进一步升高,须二段则产生泄压,出现了凝析水和水侵现象,造成须四段和须二段现今地层水特征的差异。  相似文献   

Comparison of single- and dual-permeability models in simulating the unsaturated hydro-mechanical behavior in a rainfall-triggered landslide     

Wei Shao  Zongji Yang  Junjun Ni  Ye Su  Wen Nie  Xieyao Ma 《Landslides》2018,15(12):2449-2464

Landslide-prone slopes in earthquake-affected areas commonly feature heterogeneity and high permeability due to the presence of cracks and fissures that were caused by ground shaking. Landslide reactivation in heterogeneous slope may be affected by preferential flow that was commonly occurred under heavy rainfall. Current hydro-mechanical models that are based on a single-permeability model consider soil as a homogeneous continuum, which, however, cannot explicitly represent the hydraulic properties of heterogeneous soil. The present study adopted a dual-permeability model, using two Darcy-Richards equations to simulate the infiltration processes in both matrix and preferential flow domains. The hydrological results were integrated with an infinite slope stability approach, attempting to investigate the hydro-mechanical behavior. A coarse-textured unstable slope in an earthquake-affected area was chosen for conducting artificial rainfall experiment, and in the experiment slope, failure was triggered several times under heavy rainfall. The simulated hydro-mechanical results of both single- and dual-permeability model were compared with the measurements, including soil moisture content, pore water pressure, and slope stability conditions. Under high-intensity rainfall, the measured soil moisture and pore water pressure at 1-m depth showed faster hydrological response than its simulations, which can be regarded as a typical evidence of preferential flow. We found the dual-permeability model substantially improved the quantification of hydro-mechanical processes. Such improvement could assist in obtaining more reliable landslide-triggering predication. In the light of the implementation of a dual-permeability model for slope stability analysis, a more flexible and robust early warning system for shallow landslides hazard in coarse-textured slopes could be provided.  相似文献   

余姚—丽水断裂带嵊州地区燕山期主要构造特征     

褚平利  陈荣  曾剑威  廖圣兵  杨祝良 《中国地质调查》2018,5(5):49-57

余姚—丽水断裂带是浙东南地区活动时间长、延伸远、发育比较宽的一条NE—NNE展布的断裂构造带,在浙江嵊州地区上火山岩系磨石山群和下火山岩系永康群中构造形迹表现十分明显。余姚—丽水断裂带由一系列NE—NNE向控制区内白垩纪盆地形成与发展的正断层,以及NE—NNE走向、自北西向南东逆冲的叠瓦状断层和轴迹呈NE—NNE向的褶皱组成。通过对其构造活动特征及控制新老地层的时序关系研究,结合区域构造活动规律和时空演化关系等综合分析认为: 正断层形成时间较早,控制白垩纪盆地的形成和发展,与早白垩世岩石圈伸展减薄形成的拉张作用密切相关; 叠瓦状逆冲断层及斜歪褶皱、紧闭同斜褶皱等褶、断构造组合形成于晚白垩世之后,其动力学机制可能与古太平洋构造域向太平洋构造域的转换效应有关。研究成果为深入探讨浙东地区燕山期构造演化提供了新的素材和资料。  相似文献