Crustal structure and mantle transition zone thickness beneath a hydrothermal vent at the ultra-slow spreading Southwest Indian Ridge (49°39′E): a supplementary study based on passive seismic receiver functions     

Aiguo Ruan  Hao Hu  Jiabiao Li  Xiongwei Niu  Xiaodong Wei  Jie Zhang  Aoxing Wang 《Marine Geophysical Researches》2017,38(1-2):39-46

As a supplementary study, we used passive seismic data recorded by one ocean bottom seismometer (OBS) station (49°41.8′E) close to a hydrothermal vent (49°39′E) at the Southwest Indian Ridge to invert the crustal structure and mantle transition zone (MTZ) thickness by P-to-S receiver functions to investigate previous active seismic tomographic crustal models and determine the influence of the deep mantle thermal anomaly on seafloor hydrothermal venting at an ultra-slow spreading ridge. The new passive seismic S-wave model shows that the crust has a low velocity layer (2.6 km/s) from 4.0 to 6.0 km below the sea floor, which is interpreted as partial melting. We suggest that the Moho discontinuity at ~9.0 km is the bottom of a layer (2–3 km thick); the Moho (at depth of ~6–7 km), defined by active seismic P-wave models, is interpreted as a serpentinized front. The velocity spectrum stacking plot made from passive seismic data shows that the 410 discontinuity is depressed by ~15 km, the 660 discontinuity is elevated by ~18 km, and a positive thermal anomaly between 182 and 237 K is inferred.  相似文献   

Study on Potential Strong Earthquake Risks Around the Mabian Area,Southern Sichuan     

Yi Guixi  Wen Xueze  Zhang Zhiwei  Long Feng  Ruan Xiang  Du Fang 《中国地震研究》2010,24(4):478-490

Based on seismic data from the regional network for the last 34 years,we analyzed the present fault behavior of major fault zones around the Mabian area,southern Sichuan,and identified the risky fault-segments for potential strong and large earthquakes in the future.The method of analysis is a combination of spatial distribution of b-values with activity background of historical strong earthquakes and current seismicity.Our results mainly show:(1) The spatial distribution of b-values indicates significant heterogeneity in the studied area,which reflects the spatial difference of cumulative stress levels along various fault zones and segments.(2) Three anomalously low b-value areas with different dimensions were identified along the Mabian-Yanjin fault zone.These anomalies can be asperities under relatively high cumulated stress levels.Two asperities are located in the north of Mabian county,in Lidian town in western Muchuan county,and near Yanjin at the south end of the fault zone.These two areas represent potential large earthquake seismogenic sites around the Mabian area in the near future.Besides them,the third relatively smaller asperity is identified at southern Suijiang,as another potential strongearthquake source.(3) An asperity along the southwestern segment of the Longquanshan fault zone indicates the site of potential moderate-to-strong earthquakes.(4) The asperity along the segment between Huangmu town in Hanyuan county and Longchi town in Emeishan city on Jinkouhe-Meigu fault has potential for a moderate-strong earthquake.  相似文献   

海平面上升背景下上海市长江口水源地供水安全风险评估及对策     

程和琴  塔娜  周莹  朱建荣  阮仁良  陈吉余 《气候变化研究进展》2015,11(4):263-269

分析和甄别上海市需水系统和长江口水源地供水系统风险因子,建立基于水资源供需平衡的上海市水源地供水安全风险评估模型,并采用系统动力学预测模型和高分辨率非正交曲线网格移动潮滩边界的长江河口盐水入侵三维数值模型,分别计算分析2030年人口增长、径流减少和海平面上升等3种风险因子叠加作用下的上海市需水量与长江口陈行、东风西沙和青草沙3个水源地的可供原水量,并进行供需比较分析和供水安全风险评估。结果表明：在海平面分别上升10和25 cm、枯季平均径流和没有新增水源条件下,2020年的缺水量分别为39万和74万m³/d,特枯水文年供水能力降低19万m³/d;若新增没冒沙水源300万m³/d,可缓解上海市2020年的缺水状况。  相似文献   

A more accurate relocation of the 2013 M s7.0 Lushan,Sichuan, China,earthquake sequence,and the seismogenic structure analysis     

F. Long  X. Z. Wen  X. Ruan  M. Zhao  G. X. Yi 《Journal of Seismology》2015,19(3):653-665

  相似文献   

Rupture parameters of three M _S≥5.0 Ludian, Yunnan, earthquakes     

阮祥  程万正 《地震学报(英文版)》2008,21(1):98-104

Introduction Identifying rupture directions of earthquakes is one of important aspects in focal mechanism research. For moderate-strong events, at present, directions of their main ruptures are usually extrapolated from focal mechanism solutions by combining information about distributions of aftershocks and surface ruptures, or/and extends of iso-seismal major axes. However,  相似文献   

四川长宁盐矿井注水诱发地震研究   总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3  

阮祥  程万正  张永久  李军  陈银 《中国地震》2008,24(3)

根据现场调查资料、矿区地质构造资料和数字地震记录,研究了四川长宁盐矿井注水诱发的地震活动.研究发现,2006年4月前矿井注水与出水量相当,地震活动平稳;之后注水量远超过出水量,在注水量和出水量相差较大时,浅层中小地震频次急剧增加.长时间的大量注水可能渗入先存的长宁背斜内的小断裂及微裂缝带,加速附近区域微构造地层的破裂,引发了小震群活动.利用数字地震波形资料计算的Q值显示该地区地下介质较不均匀;小震精定位结果显示震源深度较浅,主要分布在2～3km;震源机制解表明,浅层地震呈正倾滑特征.这些都表现出矿井注水诱发地震活动的某些特征.  相似文献   

Mechanism for calcite dissolution and its contribution to development of reservoir porosity and permeability in the Kela 2 gas field,Tarim Basin,China   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

BingSong?YuEmail author  HailLiang?Dong  Zhuang?Ruan 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2008,51(4):567-578

This study is undertaken to understand how calcite precipitation and dissolution contributes to depth-related changes in porosity and permeability of gas-bearing sandstone reservoirs in the Kela 2 gas field of the Tarim Basin, Northwestern China. Sandstone samples and pore water samples are col-lected from well KL201 in the Tarim Basin. Vertical profiles of porosity, permeability, pore water chem-istry, and the relative volume abundance of calcite/dolomite are constructed from 3600 to 4000 m below the ground surface within major oil and gas reservoir rocks. Porosity and permeability values are in-versely correlated with the calcite abundance, indicating that calcite dissolution and precipitation may be controlling porosity and permeability of the reservoir rocks. Pore water chemistry exhibits a sys-tematic variation from the Na2SO4 type at the shallow depth (3600-3630 m), to the NaHCO3 type at the intermediate depth (3630―3695 m),and to the CaCl2 type at the greater depth (3728―3938 m). The geochemical factors that control the calcite solubility include pH, temperature, pressure, Ca2 concen-tration, the total inorganic carbon concentration (ΣCO2), and the type of pore water. Thermodynamic phase equilibrium and mass conservation laws are applied to calculate the calcite saturation state as a function of a few key parameters. The model calculation illustrates that the calcite solubility is strongly dependent on the chemical composition of pore water, mainly the concentration difference between the total dissolved inorganic carbon and dissolved calcium concentration (i.e., [ΣCO2] -[Ca2 ]). In the Na2SO4 water at the shallow depth, this index is close to 0, pore water is near the calcite solubility. Calcite does not dissolve or precipitate in significant quantities. In the NaHCO3 water at the intermedi-ate depth, this index is greater than 0, and pore water is supersaturated with respect to calcite. Massive calcite precipitation was observed at this depth interval and this intensive cementation is responsible for decreased porosity and permeability. In the CaCl2 water at the greater depth, pore water is un-der-saturated with respect to calcite, resulting in dissolution of calcite cements, as consistent with microscopic dissolution features of the samples from this depth interval. Calcite dissolution results in formation of high secondary porosity and permeability, and is responsible for the superior quality of the reservoir rocks at this depth interval. These results illustrate the importance of pore water chemis-try in controlling carbonate precipitation/dissolution, which in turn controls porosity and permeability of oil and gas reservoir rocks in major sedimentary basins.  相似文献   

^14C年龄测定中有关问题的探讨     

阮成雯 《内陆地震》1998,12(2):126-132

新疆地震局＾１４Ｃ实验室为提供准确可靠＾１４Ｃ年代 数据,在选择,制备、测量本底苯,制备、测量糖碳苯,分析产品的淬灭对＾１４Ｃ年代的影响等方面进行了有效的试验与探讨。  相似文献   

A model to couple overland flow and infiltration into macroporous vadose zone   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

H. Ruan  T. H. Illangasekare   《Journal of Hydrology》1998,210(1-4):116-127

Most vegetated land surfaces contain macropores that may have a significant effect on the rate of infiltration of water under ponded conditions on the ground surface. Owing to the small-scale variations of the land topography (microtopography), only portions of the land area may get ponded during the process of overland flow. As the macropores transmit water at much higher rates than the primary soil matrix, higher macropore activation in ponded areas produces larger effective infiltration rates into the soil. Therefore, overland flow and infiltration into the macroporous vadose zone are interrelated. Representing the microtopographic variation of the land surface by a simple sine wave function, a method was developed to relate the ponding area to the average ponding depth which was determined by overland flow. A numerical model coupling overland flow and infiltration into the macroporous vadose zone was developed. Overland flow was simulated using the St. Venant equations with the inertia terms neglected. A single macropore model was used to simulate the infiltration into the macroporous vadose zone. The interaction between overland flow and the infiltration into the macroporous vadose zone was analyzed for a hypothetical watershed. The sensitivity analysis revealed that the interaction of macropore flow and overland flow is significant. For the conditions tested, the macropore flow and the overland flow were found to be more sensitive to the macroporosity and less sensitive to the microtopographic surface variation.  相似文献   

Case studies on mesoscale structures of heavy rainfall system in the Yangtze River generated by Meiyu front   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

LIU Liping  RUAN Zheng & QIN Danyu . Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences  Beijing  China  . Nanjing Institute of Meteorology  Nanjing  China 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2005,48(8):1303-1311

The heavy rainfall generated by Meiyu front in the Yangtze River is popular topics in recent years. The heavy rainfall is formed in advantageous weather con-dition and interaction between different mesoscale processes. The previous studies included formation and maintenance of heavy rainfall, atmospheric circu-lation, relationship between the Meiyu frontal and mesoscale disturbance[1]. In recent years, the numer-ous studies and filed experiments are focus at the mesoscale structures of heavy…  相似文献