Investigation of the sulfur speciation during chalcopyrite leaching by moderate thermophile Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidans     

Jin-lan Xia  Yi Yang  Huan He  Chang-li Liang  Xiao-juan Zhao  Lei Zheng  Chen-yan Ma  Yi-dong Zhao  Zhen-yuan Nie  Guan-zhou Qiu 《International Journal of Mineral Processing》2010,94(1-2):52-57

The surface sulfur speciation of chalcopyrite leached by moderately thermophilic Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidans was investigated by employing scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and sulfur K-edge X-ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopy (XANES), accompanying with the leaching behavior elucidation. Leaching experiment showed that there was an optimum range of the redox potential for chalcopyrite dissolution. Leaching products were found accumulating during the leaching process, which might be jarosite according to the XRD analysis. The sulfur K-edge spectra indicated that chalcocite might be the intermediate sulfur compound under a critical redox potential, which might explain the existence of optimum range of the redox potential and provide an evidence for the two-step leaching model of chalcopyrite at low Eh. In addition, the results of sulfur K-edge spectra showed jarosite would accumulate on mineral surface, which might be the main component of the passivation layer.  相似文献   

A geochemical survey of trace elements in agricultural and non-agricultural topsoil in Dexing area,China   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Yanguo Teng  Shijun Ni  Jinsheng Wang  Rui Zuo  Jie Yang 《Journal of Geochemical Exploration》2010

In China, soil pollution is very serious, which has jeopardized the ecology, food safety, the people's health, and even the sustainable development of agriculture. In order to investigate the soil pollution situation, a total of 874 agricultural and non-agricultural topsoil samples were collected from Dexing area, northeast of Jiangxi Province, China. The total elemental concentrations of 17 elements (As, Hg, Mo, Cd, Cr, Zn, Cu, Mn, Ti, Pb, Fe, Ca, K, Si, Al, Mg, and Na) were determined. The geochemical background and threshold was predicted with the method of the median ± median absolute deviation (MAD). The agricultural soil median concentration of trace elements was similar to that of the non-agricultural soil. In contrast to Jiangxi soil background of trace elements, the geochemical background of the study area was obviously higher. The maps of the pollution indices for As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Mn, Mo, Pb, Ti and Zn of non-agricultural soil and agricultural soils in the study area, showed that the highest level of pollution is distributed near and along the Lean River, especially in the neighboring and surrounding Dexing and Leping mining area.  相似文献   

鄂尔多斯盆地天环坳陷迁移演化与坳陷西翼油气成藏   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

李相博  刘化清  陈启林  郭彦如  完颜容  魏立花  冯明  廖建波  马玉虎 《地质科学》2010,45(2):490-499

鄂尔多斯盆地是我国陆上最重要的含油气盆地之一,本文以鄂尔多斯盆地西缘为研究对象,以地震反射资料为基础,主要采用地震剖面"层拉平"与"平衡剖面恢复"等技术手段,对天环坳陷形成与迁移演化历史进行了动态分析。研究结果表明:1)天环坳陷最早形成于晚侏罗世,后期由于受燕山晚期及喜马拉雅山期构造运动影响,坳陷核部逐渐向东迁移至现今位置,前后累计迁移距离约30 km;2)当坳陷核部向东迁移至有效烃源岩范围附近时,原先已形成的油气藏发生重新调整,油气向坳陷西翼高部位运移、聚集,从而形成了次生构造油气藏。  相似文献   

南祁连山前区中生代晚期古构造特征的研究     

肖安成  汪立群杨树锋  马立协沈中延  王亮  吴磊  陈元忠 《地质科学》2010,45(1):146-156

南祁连山前区可以分为露头和盆地区两个不同的大地构造单元,本区晚中生代构造活动强烈,控制了新生代的沉积过程和现今中生界残余层序的分布。本文提出了均匀平板状沉积体后期的构造变形可以利用古地质图以及高精度残余地层厚度的变化规律判断古构造带的分析方法,并且对于研究区中生代晚期的古构造特征进行了分析。露头区主要利用古地质图分析方法,研究区集中在赛什腾山-埃姆尼克山北缘的鱼卡和红山地区。盆地区主要利用中生界残余厚度图的分析方法,研究区集中在赛什腾山-埃姆尼克山南侧的赛什腾南部凹陷和马海凸起地区。通过这4个地区古构造特征的研究,提出南祁连山前区中生代晚期在区域性隆升的背景下,形成了一系列古构造带,古构造活动的特点是形成北西-北北西走向的背斜和向斜构造,这些褶皱的波长为15～20 km,为中尺度规模。同时指出,中国西部多数地区均缺失上白垩统,暗示着当时的中亚地区存在一个广阔的晚白垩世古高原。  相似文献   

Modeling Strain Rate Effect of Heterogeneous Materials Using SPH Method     

G. W. Ma  X. J. Wang  Q. M. Li 《Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering》2010,43(6):763-776

The strain rate effect on the dynamic compressive failure of heterogeneous material based on the smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method is studied. The SPH method employs a rate-insensitive elasto-plastic damage model incorporated with a Weibull distribution law to reflect the mechanical behavior of heterogeneous rock-like materials. A series of simulations are performed for heterogeneous specimens by applying axial velocity conditions, which induce different strain-rate loadings to the specimen. A detailed failure process of the specimens in terms of microscopic crack-activities and the macro-mechanical response are discussed. Failure mechanisms between the low and high strain rate cases are compared. The result shows that the strain-rate effects on the rock strength are mainly caused by the changing internal pressure due to the inertial effects as well as the material heterogeneity. It also demonstrates that the inertial effect becomes significant only when the induced strain rate exceeds a threshold, below which, the dynamic strength enhancement can be explained due to the heterogeneities in the material. It also shows that the dynamic strength is affected more significantly for a relatively more heterogeneous specimen, which coincides with the experimental results showing that the poor quality specimen had a relatively larger increase in the dynamic strength.  相似文献   

Characteristics and potential environmental consequence of weathered materials in the surface layer of a spontaneously combusting mine spoil stockpile     

W. Lu  C. Lin  Y. Ma  S. Huang  C. Si  Y. Liu  J. Li 《Applied Geochemistry》2010

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Hydrochemical characteristics and brine evolution paths of Lop Nor Basin,Xinjiang Province,Western China     

Lichun Ma  Tim K. Lowenstein  Baoguo Li  Pingan Jiang  Chenglin Liu  Junpin Zhong  Jiandong Sheng  Honglie Qiu  Hongqi Wu 《Applied Geochemistry》2010

  相似文献   

aiNet- and GIS-based regional prediction system for the spatial and temporal probability of rainfall-triggered landslides   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Changjiang Li  Tuhua Ma  Xinsheng Zhu 《Natural Hazards》2010,52(1):57-78

We developed a real-time forecasting system, aiNet-GISPSRIL, for evaluating the spatiotemporal probability of occurrence of rainfall-triggered landslides. In this system, the aiNet (a kind of artificial neutral network based on a self-organizing system) and GIS are merged for integrating the rainfall conditions into various environmental factors that influence the landslide occurrence and for simulating the complex non-linear relationships between landslide occurrence and its related conditions. Zhejiang Province (101,800 km² in area), located in the southeast coastal region of China, is highly prone to the occurrence of landslides during intensive rainfall. Since 2003, the aiNet-GISPSRIL has been used to predict landslides during the rainy seasons in the region. The aiNet-GISPSRIL uses the regional 24-h forecast rainfall information and the real-time rainfall monitoring data from the rain-gauge network as its inputs, and then provides 24-h forecast of the landslide probability for every 1 × 1-km grid cell within the region. Verification studies on the performance of the aiNet-GISPSRIL show that the system has successfully predicted the dates and localities of 304 landslides (accounting for 66.2% of reported landslides during the period). During the period from 2003 to 2007, because the system provided the probability levels of landslide occurrences up to 24-h in advance, gave locations of potential landslides, and timely warned those individuals at high-risk areas, more than 1700 persons living in the risk sites had been evacuated to safe ground before the landslides occurred and thus casualty was avoided. This highly computerized, easy-operating system can be used as a prototype for developing forecasting systems in other regions that are prone to rainfall-triggered landslides.  相似文献   

多圈管冻结壁形成和融化过程冻胀力实测研究   总被引：7，自引：3，他引：4  

汪仁和  张瑞  李栋伟 《冰川冻土》2010,32(3)

为获得多圈管冻结壁形成与融化过程中冻结壁内部冻胀力发展特性和孔隙水压力变化规律,进而分析冻结壁力学性态及安全性,在淮南某煤矿开展了冻结壁冻融过程中内、外部冻胀力和孔隙水压力的现场实测研究.实测结果表明:在地层冻融过程中,冻结壁内、外部形成了不均匀的冻胀应力,测试地层最大冻结压力达6.0 MPa,为初始地压的2.4倍;当井筒开挖至测试层位时地层冻结压力呈线性降低;随着浇筑外层混凝土井壁,冻结压力又有回升,当冻结壁融化后地层冻胀力为零,井壁恢复受水土压力作用.孔隙水压力变化经历了静止孔隙水压力和冻结过程的超静孔隙水压力两个阶段,超静孔隙水压力达到4.0 MPa,约为静止孔隙水压力的2.0倍.  相似文献   

长江中下游庐江-枞阳火山岩矿集区深部结构与成矿作用   总被引：32，自引：16，他引：16  

董树文  项怀顺  高锐  吕庆田  李建设  战双庆  卢占武  马立成 《岩石学报》2010,26(9):2529-2542

为探测长江中下游成矿带庐江-枞阳白垩纪火山岩盆地和铁、硫矿集区深部构造和地壳结构,探讨成矿深部控制条件,作者完成了穿越火山岩盆地的深反射地震剖面(150km,记录30s)和罗河铁矿区浅层高分辨反射地震剖面(20km),以及平行剖面的大地电磁、高精度重磁剖面,揭示了矿集区全地壳精细结构和电磁结构,同时开展区域构造测量和火山岩年代学研究,获得了新的认识。证实"耳状"的庐-枞火山岩盆地是一个沿北东向罗河断裂向东侧发育的非对称火山盆地,排除了另一半被断在西侧红层之下的判断;罗河断裂是一条切穿MOHO的深断裂,倾向南东,是引导地幔流体和岩浆上涌和喷发的通道,在中地壳形成岩浆房(反射亮斑);鉴别出多层界面,火山岩-侏罗系厚度约4～5km(其中火山岩厚度约3km),三叠系-震旦系变形层底界深度大致18～20km,变质基底组成中下地壳,MOHO平缓向北西倾,深度33～31km;追踪郯-庐断裂带的深部产状,陡立延伸到MOHO,宽约10km。从而揭示了早白垩系(132～127Ma)庐-枞火山岩矿集区深部过程与成矿、控矿作用。  相似文献