Mass spectrometric study of some selected galenas from the Eastern Desert of Egypt     

Sayed B. El-Kholy  Ezzat T. M. Selim 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1968,70(1):115-131

Summary Thermal emission mass spectrometric technique is applied to the determination of the lead isotopic composition of some selected galenas from the Eastern Desert of Egypt. Recent methods of calculations for galena dating are used in determining the geochronological significance of the data. A correlation is made between the data obtained and the modes of occurrences of the deposits to enter any processes that cause their isotopic variations.  相似文献   

Environmental impacts of El Arish power plant on the Mediterranean coast of Sinai, Egypt     

O. Frihy  A. Badr  M. Selim  El W. Sayed 《Environmental Geology》2002,42(6):604-611

A monitoring program was undertaken to evaluate the adverse impacts of the El Arish power plant on the northeastern Sinai coast of Egypt. This program spanned 28 months and includes intensive hydrographic surveying, measurements of waves, longshore current, littoral drift, currents behind the breaker zone, offshore currents, sea-level variation and water quality. The shoreline dynamics of the region have been substantially disrupted due to the high-intensity longshore transport and the interruption of longshore transport by the shore-perpendicular intake breakwaters. Maximum erosion of 5.5 m/year has been documented east of the breakwater. This erosion has been continuing eastwards, threatening the resort centers on the downcoast beaches. On the other hand, accretion (11.7 m/year) is recorded along the western side of the breakwater, accumulating great volumes of sand which is transported to the east by littoral currents. Part of this sand enters the intake basin, causing sedimentation problems by the easterly and westerly littoral drifts and cross-shore currents. In other respect, an unprotected offshore channel dredged in front of the water discharger, east of the intake, acts as an effective trap for the predominantly easterly sand drift, subsequently interrupting sediments moving from the east, accelerating processes of erosion to the east. The cooling and wastewater discharging from the discharger to the sea are insignificantly warmer than the upcoast water and not contaminated with chemical wastes. The thermal and chemical plume has no significant effect on the quality of the coastal water in the region.  相似文献   

Relationships Among Hydraulic Characteristics Of The Dammam Aquifer And Wells In Kuwait     

S. A. S. Sayed  F. M. Al-Ruwaih 《Hydrogeology Journal》1995,3(1):57-70

The Dammam Formation is a karstic aquifer in Kuwait that has a large range of transmissivity and, hence, productivity. The statistical analysis of 97 observations of transmissivity and specific capacity show the strong influence of outliers. A comparison of median values of these parameters indicates that the well field Shigaya C is the most productive and the Sulaibiya well field is the least productive. Logarithmic transformations of specific capacity and transmissivity show a positive linear relationship. Correlation between well losses for 47 wells with transmissivity and specific capacity does not indicate a definite trend; however, a positive log-linear relationship is indicated between well loss and the ratio of discharge and transmissivity. Logarithms of well loss constants show a negative linear relationship with logarithms of transmissivity and specific capacity. These relationships are useful for estimating hydraulic characteristics that are needed for the designs of wells and well fields and for preliminary water-resources evaluations. RÉSUMÉ: La formation de Damman au Koweit est un aquifére karstique qui présente une large transmissivité T et de coefficient d'emmagasinement S montre la forte influence des valeurs extrêmes. Une comparaison des valeurs de la méidane de ces paramètres montre que le champ captant de Shigaya C est le plus productif et que celui de Sulaubiya est le moins productif. Il existe une corrélation positive linéaire entre log T et log S. La corrélation entre les pertes en puits de 47 puits et T et S ne présente aucun lien significatif. Il existe cependant une relation positive log-linéaire entre pertes en puits et le rapport débit/transmissivité. De même, une relation négative log-linéaire est établie entre les pertes en puits et T et S. Ces relations sont utilisées pour estimer les caractéristiques hydrauliques de la formation à partir desquelles sont positionnés les puits et définis les champs captants et est basée l'évaluation préliminaire des ressources en eau. RESUMEN: La Formación Damman es un acuífero kárstico situado en Kuwait que presenta un amplio rango de transmisividades y, por tanto, de rendimientos. El análisis estadístico de 97 observaciones de transmisividad y capacidad específica muestra la gran influencia de valores anómalos. La comparación de valores medianos de dichos parámetros indica que el campo de pozos Shigaya C es el más productivo y que el Sulaibiya es el menos productivo. Las transformaciones logarítmicas de capacidad específica y transmisividad se relacionan linealmente de forma positiva. La correlación entre las pérdidas en los pozos con transmisividad y capacidad específica, a partir de datos en 47 pozos, no indican una tendencia definida; sin embargo, si se muestra una relación log-lineal positiva entre pérdidas en el pozo y la relación entre descarga y transmisividad. El logaritmo de las pérdidas en el pozo muestra una relación lineal negativa con los logaritmos de transmisividad y capacidad específica. Estas relaciones son útiles para estimar las características hidráulicas que son necesarias para el diseño de pozos y de baterías de pozos y para las evaluaciones preliminares de recursos hidráulicos.  相似文献   

Oldest Basement (ca. 462 Ma) in Indonesian Borneo and its Implication for Early Paleozoic Tectonic Evolution of SE Asia     

ZHU Junbin  LI Shan  Sayed MURTADHA 《《地质学报》英文版》2022,96(6):2093-2104

The lack of preserved basement results in uncertain placements of many terranes in Southeast Asia. Here, we flag the first evidence of the oldest basement in Indonesian Borneo, which can help locate terranes in Borneo on the northern margin of Gondwana in the early Paleozoic and explain the regional tectonic setting of the island. Two schist samples from the Embuoi Complex in the Semitau Block, Northwest Kalimantan yielded zircon U-Pb dates of 453.3 ± 1.9 Ma and 462.4 ± 2.6 Ma, respectively, representing the formation time of the protolith. Petrographic, internal structural and high Th/U ratios of zircons indicate that the protolith of schists is of magmatic origin. The zircons have εHf(t) values of ?4.1 to +1.1 and Hf model ages of 1.37–1.69 Ga, indicating they were derived from a mixed source of juvenile crust with old components. By comparison of zircon age distribution, two-stage Hf model ages and εHf(t) variations of the early Paleozoic igneous rocks from Semitau with those of South China, Tengchong–Baoshan, and Indochina, the Semitau Block was most likely a part of or placed next to the Indochina Block of northern Gondwana during the early Paleozoic. Such a similar tectono-magmatic pattern on northern Gondwana formed a prolonged early Paleozoic arc-related belt associated with subduction of the Proto-Tethyan Ocean.  相似文献   

Application of the continuous wavelet transform on seismic data for mapping of channel deposits and gas detection at the CO₂SINK site, Ketzin, Germany     

Sayed Hesammoddin Kazemeini  Christopher Juhlin  Kim Zinck-Jørgensen  Ben Norden 《Geophysical Prospecting》2009,57(1):111-123

Conventional seismic data are band limited and therefore, provide limited geological information. Every method that can push the limits is desirable for seismic data analysis. Recently, time‐frequency decomposition methods are being used to quickly extract geological information from seismic data and, especially, for revealing frequency‐dependent amplitude anomalies. Higher frequency resolution at lower frequencies and higher temporal resolution at higher frequencies are the objectives for different time‐frequency decomposition methods. Continuous wavelet transform techniques, which are the same as narrow‐band spectral analysis methods, provide frequency spectra with high temporal resolution without the windowing process associated with other techniques. Therefore, this technique can be used for analysing geological information associated with low and high frequencies that normally cannot be observed in conventional seismic data. In particular, the continuous wavelet transform is being used to detect thin sand bodies and also as a direct hydrocarbon indicator. This paper presents an application of the continuous wavelet transform method for the mapping of potential channel deposits, as well as remnant natural gas detection by mapping low‐frequency anomalies associated with the gas. The study was carried out at the experimental CO₂ storage site at Ketzin, Germany (CO₂SINK). Given that reservoir heterogeneity and faulting will have significant impact on the movement and storage of the injected CO₂, our results are encouraging for monitoring the migration of CO₂ at the site. Our study confirms the efficiency of the continuous wavelet transform decomposition method for the detection of frequency‐dependent anomalies that may be due to gas migration during and after the injection phase and in this way, it can be used for real‐time monitoring of the injected CO₂ from both surface and borehole seismics.  相似文献   

Characteristic features of salt tectonics offshore North Sinai, Egypt     

El Sayed Ibrahim Selim  Mohamed A. Omran 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2012,5(3):371-383

Salt tectonic along offshore North Sinai was studied using seismic reflection data. The study revealed and identified various types of salt tectonics and structures in the study area. The triggering mechanism of salt tectonics was attributed to the pressure regime initiated from overloading sediments on the Messinian evaporites. The sediment load of 3,000?m exceeds the critical load (more than 1,000?m) and hence creates a pressure zone. The salt-generated structures resulted from thin-skinned extension that is driven by gravity gliding of the overloading sediments above the Messinian evaporite boundary, which acts as a detachment layer. These structures comprise normal growth faults and keystone grabens, trending roughly perpendicular to the slope of the continental margin. Salt tectonics in the study area were also triggered by the deformation of the movement of evaporite layer that causes stretching and fragmentation of the evaporite layer. Moving salt layer took place laterally and vertically, causing lateral and vertical pressures inside the Pliocene sediments. These movements of sediments led to the formation of salt rollers, salt weld, salt diapirs, rollover structures, and fault blocks. The interpretation of seismic data illustrates that the evaporite layer was switched off between the famous reflector M at its top and another reflector N at its base. M reflector is present and can be traced across the whole study area, while the N reflector pinched out in some parts of the study area.  相似文献   

Focal mechanism of Badr earthquake, Saudia Arabia of August 27, 2009     

Khalid S. Aldamegh  Hesham Hussein Moussa  S. Nasser Al-Arifi  Sayed S. R. Moustafa  Moustafa Hemeda Moustafa 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2012,5(4):599-606

Focal mechanism solution of the 27th August 2009 earthquake (mb?=?4.0) that occurred in the Badr area, northwest of Saudi Arabia, approximately 50?km from the Red Sea has been determined from the P-wave first motion polarities. Results show normal faulting mechanism with a negligible component of strike-slip motion with NE T-axis direction. This type of mechanism is common with other earthquakes of the northwestern Saudi Arabia and is considered to present the tectonic movement of the region. The dominantly extensional tectonic regime in this province demonstrates the influence of NE extension in the Red Sea. The strikes of the solution are consistent with those of the main faults near the epicenter. Hypocentral location of this earthquake was carried out using the data from the King Abdulaziz City of Science and Technology Seismic Network, Saudi Arabia, and the Egyptian National Seismological Network, Egypt. The horizontal and vertical confidence estimates are 0.5?km for both. The local magnitude, M _L, following the Richter??s original definition was also derived from ten digital three-component broadband seismograms. The average local magnitude determined in this study is 3.8?±?0.17. The estimated seismic moment of this event is $ {3}.{\hbox{7e}} + {14}\,{\hbox{Nm}}\left( {{M_{\rm{W}}} = {3}.{66}\pm 0.0{7}} \right) $ .  相似文献   

The use of seismic interpretation for delineating the characteristic features of Messinian channels in the north Nile Delta, Egypt     

El Sayed Ibrahim Selim 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2012,5(4):713-722

Abu Madi Messinian Formation occupied a prominent issue as the most exploratory target in the search for natural gas in the Nile Delta. Interpretation of the available onshore seismic reflection data of the northeastern part of the Nile Delta reveals that there is a series of troughs, depressions, and mounded structures within the Abu Madi Formation (Messinian time). Onlap, downlap, and truncation relationship of reflections were observed very close to fault locations in the Miocene time. Many channels have been imaged clearly and described on the seismic reflection data of the onshore Nile Delta. The depths to these channels range between 2.5?s in the southeast to 3.1?s (t.w.t.) while their width ranges from 1?km to more than 5?km. These channels were formed by two factors: (1) submarine erosion and redeposition, during the relative sea level falls and (2) tectonic effect. Many of these channels followed more or less the trends of the historic branches of the ancient Nile Delta. The classification of these channels is based on some factors: (1) channel morphology (depth and width), (2) channel shape, and (3) tectonic effect.  相似文献   

Temporal and spatial distribution of dissolved Cu, Ni and Zn in the coastal waters of Jeddah, eastern Red Sea     

Radwan K. Al-Farawati  Mohammad O. Gazzaz  Mohammad A. El Sayed  Amr El-Maradny 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2011,4(7-8):1229-1238

Dissolved Cu, Ni, and Zn were measured in the surface coastal waters of Jeddah, eastern Red Sea during October 2004 and April 2005. High values of trace metals, particularly Zn, were recorded in the Southern Corniche area close to a sewage effluent indicating a significant contribution from the wastewater. Concentrations of trace metals decreased northward and southward under the effect of dilution. Another hot spot was also observed in the vicinity of Jeddah Desalination Plant (JDP) during April 2005 indicating a possible contribution from the JDP to trace metal contents in the study area. Trace metals were correlated to salinity, nutrients and particulate organic carbon (POC). The good association between Zn and reactive silicate and Ni and ammonium is attributed to simultaneous biological utilization and regeneration. The behavior of copper suggested adsorption of Cu onto the POC during October 2004 whereas in April 2005 the most important process seems to be desorption of Cu from the particulate materials.  相似文献   

Assessment of the mutual impact between climate and vegetation cover using NOAA-AVHRR and Landsat data in Egypt   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Mohammed A. El-Shirbeny  Mohamed A. Aboelghar  Sayed M. Arafat  Abdel-Ghany M. El-Gindy 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2014,7(4):1287-1296

The objective of the current study is to use satellite data to assess the mutual influence between vegetation and climate. The Ismailia Governorate was selected as a case study to investigate the impact of vegetation cover expansion on both land surface and air temperature from 1983 to 2010 and vice versa. This observation site was carefully selected as a clear example of the high rate of the reclamation and vegetation expansion process in Egypt. Land surface temperature (LST) was estimated through the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (a space-borne sensor embarked on the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) data while air temperature (T _air) was collected from ground meteorological stations in the study area. Irrigated agriculture is the largest consumer of freshwater resources. However, consistent information on irrigation water use is still lacking. Relative humidity, wind speed, solar radiation, and T _air data were inserted in the Penman–Monteith equation to calculate potential evapotranspiration (ET_o), while both LST and T _air were used to observe the relative water status of the study area as a result of the water deficit index (WDI). Then, both WDI and ET_o were used to calculate actual evepotranspiration (ET_C.). The results showed that LST decreased by about 2.3 °C while T _air decreased by about 1.6 °C during the study period. The results showed also that the vegetation cover expanded from 25,529.85 ha in 1985 to 63,140.49 ha in 2009 with about 147 % increase. This decrease in LST and air temperature was according to the expansion of the cultivated land that was proved through the processing of three Landsat TM and Landsat ETM+ imageries acquired in June 19, 1985, June 7, 1998, and June 29, 2009. The vegetation water consumption was affected by the decreasing surface and air temperature. The results showed that the water deficit index decreased by about 0.35, and actual evapotranspiration increased by about 2.5 mm during the study period.  相似文献