白缘(鱼央)5S rDNA的扩增分析及其在染色体上的FISH定位     

张伟伟  付元帅  邵燕  王宝琴  石东里  张兰 《海洋学报》2016,38(6):82-88

本文分别对雌雄白缘(鱼央)的5S rDNA进行了PCR扩增和序列分析,并采用双色荧光原位杂交(FISH)技术,以白缘(鱼央)的5S rDNA序列和小麦的45S rDNA为探针,对其在白缘(鱼央)雌雄中期染色体上进行了FISH定位研究。结果表明,白缘(鱼央)5S rDNA序列无雌雄差异;5S rDNA的保守区序列为117 bp;5S rDNA和45S rDNA分别被定位于白缘(鱼央)的性染色体和第5号染色体上。同时从GenBank中获得了22种鱼的5S rDNA,运用DNAman软件构建了23种鱼的系统发育树,对白缘(鱼央)的进化地位进行了初步研究。本研究为阐明白缘(鱼央)在鱼类系统进化中的位置、重复序列在脊椎动物性染色体上的分布状况以及与性别决定与分化的关系,提供了资料积累和分析依据。  相似文献   

深海嗜热异化铁还原菌Caloranaerobacter ferrireducens DY22619T对不同铁氧化物的铁还原特性   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李曦  曾湘  张昭  邵宗泽 《海洋学报》2016,38(8):83-92

异化铁还原微生物在铁元素的地球化学循环中具有重要意义。深海热液活动是大洋铁元素的重要来源,目前深海热液环境中铁代谢相关微生物研究很少。本文对一株分离自深海热液区的嗜热异化铁还原菌新种Caloranaerobacter ferrireducens DY22619T的铁还原特性进行分析,比较了该菌对无定形羟基氧化铁、无定形铁氧化物和针铁矿3种不同铁氧化物的铁还原速率;并利用透射电镜对矿化产物进行矿物形貌、组成元素和晶型的分析。研究发现该菌生长在指数期至稳定期时,铁还原速率最快,其中对无定形羟基氧化铁和无定形铁氧化物的还原速率较高,达2.82 μmol/h和2.15 μmol/h;透射电镜结果表明,该菌可将3种不同胞外铁氧化物均还原矿化形成颗粒状磁铁矿,由针铁矿矿化形成的磁铁矿少但粒径最大,而由无定形铁氧化物形成的磁铁矿晶面不同于另外两种铁氧化物。结果表明,该菌有很强的铁还原和矿化能力,能厌氧呼吸还原三价铁氧化物,但是铁氧化物的性质对该菌胞外铁还原能力和矿化形成的磁铁矿的性质有重要影响。本研究为认识深海热液环境中异化铁还原菌在铁元素的地球化学循环和生物成矿过程提供了参考。  相似文献   

Identification of the “source” and “sink” patterns influencing non-point source pollution in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

Jinliang Wang  Jing’an Shao  Dan Wang  Jiupai Ni  Deti Xie 《地理学报(英文版)》2016,26(10):1431-1448

Non-point source pollution is one of the primarily ecological issues affecting the Three Gorges Reservoir Area. In this paper, landscape resistance and motivation coefficient, which integrated various landscape elements, such as land use, soil, hydrology, topography, and vegetation, was established based on the effects of large-scale resistance and motivation on the formation of non-point source pollution. In addition, cost models of the landscape resistance and motivation coefficients were constructed based on the distances from the landscape units to the sub-basin outlets in order to identify the “source” and “sink” patterns affecting the formation of non-point source pollution. The results indicated that the changes in the landscape resistance and motivation coefficients of the 16 sub-basins exhibited inverse relationships to their spatial distributions. The landscape resistance and motivation cost curves were more volatile than the landscape resistance and motivation coefficient curves. The landscape resistance and motivation cost trends of the 16 sub-basins became increasingly apparent along the flow of the Yangtze River. The landscape resistance and motivation cost models proposed in this paper could be used to identify large-scale non-point source pollution “source” and “sink” patterns. Moreover, the proposed model could be used to describe the large-scale spatial characteristics of non-point source pollution formation based on “source” and “sink” landscape pattern indices, spatial localization, and landscape resistance and motivation coefficients.  相似文献   

Cloud Forest Conservation in the Central Highlands of Guatemala Hinges on Soil Conservation and Intensifying Food Production     

Ian Pope  Jon Harbor  Laura Zanotti  Guofan Shao  Dawn Bowen  Gary R. Burniske 《The Professional geographer》2016,68(1):1-13

Soil erosion threatens long-term soil fertility and food production in Q’eqchi’ communities native to the Sierra Yalijux and Sierra Sacranix mountain ranges in the central highlands of Guatemala. Environmental factors such as steep topography, erodible soils, and intense precipitation events, combined with land subdivision and reduced fallow periods as a consequence of population growth, contribute to severe erosion and strain soil resources. The preservation of the region's cloud forests hinges on enhancing production of staple crops through agricultural intensification while maintaining soil fertility through implementation of soil conservation measures.  相似文献   

Theoretical simulation of the evolution of methane hydrates in the case of Northern South China Sea since the last glacial maximum     

Lihua Liu  Haibing Shao  Shaoying Fu  Nengyou Wu 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2016,75(7):596

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Analysis of the THM behaviour in a clay-based engineered barrier system (EBS): modelling of the HE-E experiment (Mont Terri URL)     

Xuerui Wang  Hua Shao  Jürgen Hesser  Olaf Kolditz 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2016,75(20):1350

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Rotation Center and Horizontal Bearing Capacity of the Bucket Foundation in Soft Ground     

Xiaowei Tang  Xiwen Zhang  Qi Shao  Zhenqing Li 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2016,34(6):594-601

In the last 20 years, the bucket foundation has been developed as a new type of offshore platform structure. Because of its short period of application to engineering practices, the theoretical decision on the rotation center and horizontal bearing capacity of the bucket foundation has yet to be agreed. A limit analysis method is used to determine the updated rotation center position and horizontal bearing capacity to evaluate the failure mechanisms of the bucket foundations. The results are compared with numerical simulation and experiments, and also with other theoretical methods. The proposed method can satisfactorily consider the engineering conditions and the result is accurate in determining the rotation center and horizontal bearing capacity.  相似文献   

Analysis of phenotypic and genetic parameters for growthrelated traits in the half smooth tongue sole, <Emphasis Type="Italic">Cynoglossus semilaevis</Emphasis>     

刘峰  李仰真  杜民  邵长伟  陈松林 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2016,34(1):163-169

Phenotypic and genetic parameters for growth-related traits in the half-smooth tongue sole, Cynoglossus semilaevis, were estimated in 22 full-sib families produced by normal and neo-male breeding stocks. As phenotypic males with female genotypes, neo-males are harmful in C. semilaevis aquaculture because they reduce overall production. The present study evaluated the difference in the growth-related traits: total length (TL), body weight (BW) and square root of body weight (SQ_BW) at the age of 570 days between normal and neo-male offspring (neo-males used as male parents). The difference in the proportion of females between normal and neo-male offspring was also assessed. Based on the linear mixed model, restricted maximum likelihood (REML) and best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP) were used to estimate various (co)variance components and estimated breeding values (EBVs) of growth-related traits. As a result, all the mean values of the three studied traits were significantly larger in normal offspring than in neo-male offspring. Additionally, the female proportion was significantly larger in normal offspring than in neo-male offspring. Heritability was 0.128±0.066 2 for TL, 0.128±0.065 5 for BW and 0.132±0.062 9 for SQ_BW, all of which were low level heritabilities. The correlation coefficients of EBVs and phenotypic values of the target traits were 0.516 for TL, 0.524 for BW and 0.506 for SQ_BW, all of which were highly significant (P <0.01). Genetic correlations among TL, BW and SQ_BW were positive high (0.921–0.969) and higher than those of phenotype (0.711–0.748), both of which had low standard errors (0.063–0.123 for genotype, and 0.010–0.018 for phenotype). Compared with normal offspring, neo-male offspring have lower breeding values for each studied trait through EBVs comparison. Therefore, neo-male offspring should not be used as broodstock in a C. semilaevis breeding programs.  相似文献   

西藏乌鲁穷含铜磁铁矿床的发现及地质特征   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

杨绍  李德威  陈桂凡  李华亮  张硕  周涛 《中国地质》2018,45(6):1214-1227

继尼雄、弗野、材玛等铁矿床的发现之后,新一轮1：5万区域地质调查又在班公湖-怒江成矿带西段乌鲁穷地区发现了较大规模的含铜磁铁矿矿床。野外路线调查、剖面实测和大比例尺填图表明,乌鲁穷磁铁矿形成于南羌塘南缘中-晚侏罗世中酸性岩体与上三叠统日干配错群二组（T₃R²）碳酸盐岩外接触带中,矿体受后期近南北向高角度正断层改造,成矿作用表现出多期次、多阶段特征。通过对矿体邻近的石英闪长岩、二长花岗岩和控矿断层中同构造碳酸盐脉进行锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb同位素测年,获得石英闪长岩、二长花岗岩成岩年龄分别为：（161.3±0.72）Ma、（157.5±1.7）Ma,并获得同构造碳酸盐脉热液锆石年龄为（84.2±1.1）Ma。结合前人研究和1：5万地质调查成果,认为乌鲁穷含铜磁铁矿在中-晚侏罗世（157.5~161.3 Ma）班公湖-怒江洋北向俯冲过程中初步富集成矿,形成矽卡岩型含铜磁铁矿矿床,矿体在晚白垩世（84.2 Ma）陆内伸展过程中再次富集;提出班公湖地区在晚白垩世中期存在一期横跨缝合带的陆内伸展成矿事件,成矿作用与班公湖-怒江洋闭合后地幔软流圈底辟及其相关的地壳线性热隆伸展是一个机理关联的系统。  相似文献   

Comparison of single- and dual-permeability models in simulating the unsaturated hydro-mechanical behavior in a rainfall-triggered landslide     

Wei Shao  Zongji Yang  Junjun Ni  Ye Su  Wen Nie  Xieyao Ma 《Landslides》2018,15(12):2449-2464

Landslide-prone slopes in earthquake-affected areas commonly feature heterogeneity and high permeability due to the presence of cracks and fissures that were caused by ground shaking. Landslide reactivation in heterogeneous slope may be affected by preferential flow that was commonly occurred under heavy rainfall. Current hydro-mechanical models that are based on a single-permeability model consider soil as a homogeneous continuum, which, however, cannot explicitly represent the hydraulic properties of heterogeneous soil. The present study adopted a dual-permeability model, using two Darcy-Richards equations to simulate the infiltration processes in both matrix and preferential flow domains. The hydrological results were integrated with an infinite slope stability approach, attempting to investigate the hydro-mechanical behavior. A coarse-textured unstable slope in an earthquake-affected area was chosen for conducting artificial rainfall experiment, and in the experiment slope, failure was triggered several times under heavy rainfall. The simulated hydro-mechanical results of both single- and dual-permeability model were compared with the measurements, including soil moisture content, pore water pressure, and slope stability conditions. Under high-intensity rainfall, the measured soil moisture and pore water pressure at 1-m depth showed faster hydrological response than its simulations, which can be regarded as a typical evidence of preferential flow. We found the dual-permeability model substantially improved the quantification of hydro-mechanical processes. Such improvement could assist in obtaining more reliable landslide-triggering predication. In the light of the implementation of a dual-permeability model for slope stability analysis, a more flexible and robust early warning system for shallow landslides hazard in coarse-textured slopes could be provided.  相似文献