Organotin levels in Nazaré canyon (west Iberian Margin, NE Atlantic) and adjacent coastal area   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Sousa AC  Oliveira IB  Laranjeiro F  Takahashi S  Tanabe S  Cunha MR  Barroso CM 《Marine pollution bulletin》2012,64(2):422-426

Organotin compounds (OTs) are ubiquitous in the marine environment and high concentrations (μg g(-1) range) in sediments from different coastal areas around the world have been reported. However, few reports have described the OTs contamination status in the offshore and deep sea environment. This work investigated organotin levels in Nazaré canyon for the first time. Levels of monobutyltin (MBT), dibutyltin (DBT), tributyltin (TBT), diphenyltin (DPT), triphenyltin (TPT), dioctyltin (DOT) and trioctyltin (TOT) were quantified in sediment samples from the upper flanks of the canyon and from the adjacent coastal area. TBT levels detected in the canyon flanks are about two to three orders of magnitude lower than those found in the coastal area. Nevertheless, when quantifiable, TBT levels in the canyon samples were higher than the Environmental Assessment Criteria set for TBT in sediments by the OSPAR Commission indicating that at those locations negative ecological impacts are likely to occur.  相似文献   

Microbially induced formation of ooid-like coated grains in the Late Cretaceous methane-seep deposits of the Nakagawa area, Hokkaido, northern Japan     

Robert Gwyn  Jenkins  Yoshinori  Hikida  Yoshito  Chikaraishi  Naohiko  Ohkouchi  Kazushige  Tanabe 《Island Arc》2008,17(2):261-269

Abstract   Ooid-like coated grains are found in the Late Cretaceous methane-seep deposits in the Nakagawa area, Hokkaido, Japan. The coated grains were examined using macro- and microscopic observations, electron-probe microanalysis, and biomarker analysis. They are round- to oval-shaped, with nuclei consisting of fractured sediment and micritic envelopes. The fractures probably occurred as a result of increasing hydrostatic pressure when the sediment was still unconsolidated or weakly consolidated. Biomarker analysis revealed that two types of molecules, crocetane and PMI, are predominant in the hydrocarbon fraction with highly negative carbon isotopic composition as low as −122‰ ( vs Vienna Peedee Belemnite). These data suggest that the coated grains were formed under the influence of anaerobic oxidation of methane, near the sediment/seawater interface. The presence of such grains indicates that methane-containing pore water reached the sea floor at that time.  相似文献   

Toxicogenomic analysis of immune system-related genes in Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) exposed to heavy oil     

Nakayama K  Kitamura S  Murakami Y  Song JY  Jung SJ  Oh MJ  Iwata H  Tanabe S 《Marine pollution bulletin》2008,57(6-12):445-452

Heavy oil contamination is one of the most important environmental issues. Toxicities of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), including immune toxicities, are well characterized, however, the immune toxic effects of heavy oil, as a complex mixture of PAHs, have not been investigated. In the present study, we selected Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) as a model organism, and observed alteration of immune function by the exposure to heavy oil. To analyze the expression profiles of immune system-related genes, we selected 309 cDNAs from our flounder EST library, and spotted them on a glass slide. Using this cDNA array, alteration of gene expression profiles was analyzed in the kidneys of flounders exposed to heavy oil. Six Japanese flounders (mean body weight: 197 g) were acclimated to laboratory conditions at 19-20 degrees C. Three fish were exposed to heavy oil C (bunker C) at a concentration of 3.8 g/L for 3 days, and the others were kept in seawater without heavy oil and used as the control. After the exposure period, the fish were transferred into control seawater and maintained for 4 days, and then they were dissected and their kidneys were removed. Total RNA was extracted from the kidney samples to use in gene expression analyses. The microarray detected alteration of immune system-related genes in the kidneys of heavy oil-exposed flounders, including down-regulation of immunoglobulin light chain, CD45, major histocompatibility complex class II antigens and macrophage colony-stimulating factor precursor, and up-regulation of interleukin-8 and lysozyme. These results suggest that pathogen resistance may be weakened in heavy oil-exposed fish, causing a subsequent bacterial infection, and then proinflammatory genes may be induced as a defensive response against the infection. Additionally, we found candidate genes for use as biomarkers of heavy oil exposure, such as N-myc downstream regulated gene 1 and heat shock cognate 71 kDa proteins.  相似文献   

Sensitivity Study on Hydraulic Well Testing Inversion Using Simulated Annealing     

Shinsuke Nakao  Julie Najita  Kenzi Karasaki 《Ground water》1999,37(5):736-747

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Problems of the New Towns in Japan     

Hiroshi Tanabe 《GeoJournal》1991,2(1):39-46

The new town in Japan is a sort of dormitory settlement in the metropolitan suburbs. Its main developer is the Japan Housing Corporation, whose representative achievement is the Tama New Town. The settlement is, however, too narrow, too expensive and too far away from the places of employment for the inhabitants to feel themselves as members of the community. The new town is a settlement of transients, which generates the condition of many commuting to the city without solving the problems of excessive urban growth. We should make a further inquiry into the new town as a contemporary type of urban settlement in this country.This study is dedicated to Professor Jôgyô TAKEUCHI for his retirement from Waseda University and sponsored by the Ministry of Education through the subsidy to the study on Spatial organization and functional system of urban in Japan represented by Professor Osamu NISHIKAWA.  相似文献   

Placental transfer of arsenic to fetus of Dall's porpoises (Phocoenoides dalli)     

Kubota R  Kunito T  Fujihara J  Tanabe S  Yang J  Miyazaki N 《Marine pollution bulletin》2005,51(8-12):845-849

Concentrations of total arsenic and individual arsenic compounds were determined in liver, muscle, kidney and blubber of mother and fetus of Dall’s porpoises collected from off Sanriku, Japan, in the year 2000 to characterize the placental transfer of arsenic to fetus in cetaceans. Arsenic was detected in all the tissues of Dall’s porpoises. Total arsenic concentrations in liver, kidney, muscle and blubber were 0.76, 0.69, 0.35 and 0.55 μg/g wet wt, respectively, for mother and 0.28, 0.23, 0.26 and 0.07 μg/g wet wt, respectively, for fetus. In all the tissues, concentrations of total arsenic in mother Dall’s porpoise were higher than in fetus. Arsenic speciation revealed that arsenobetaine was the major arsenic compound in liver, kidney and muscle of both mother and fetus. The percentage of arsenobetaine to total arsenic ranged from 76.0 to 91.0% in the tissues. Dimethylarsinic acid, arsenocholine, methylarsonic acid and an unidentified arsenic compound were also detected in tissues of both mother and fetus as minor constituents, whereas tetramethylarsonium ion was not detected in tissues of the fetus. These results suggest that arsenobetaine, dimethylarsinic acid, arsenocholine and methylarsonic acid are transferable from mother to fetus in Dall’s porpoises. To our knowledge, this is the first report on placental transfer of arsenic compounds to fetus in marine mammals.  相似文献   

Multielemental accumulation and its intracellular distribution in tissues of some aquatic birds     

Nam DH  Anan Y  Ikemoto T  Tanabe S 《Marine pollution bulletin》2005,50(11):1347-1362

This study was aimed at determining multielemental concentration and its intracellular distribution in selected tissues of cormorant and waterfowl species. Non-essential elements such as Hg, Tl, Cd, Pb and V in tissues were generally consistent with those in ingested items, indicating the significance of food sources of non-essential metal accumulation in great cormorants and mallards. Great cormorants and four waterfowl species examined reflected natural background levels of toxic metals such as Cd, Hg and Pb as well as some essential elements, indicating no specific metal exposure from local sources. Most of Cu, Zn, Se, Rb, Ag, Cd, Cs, and Hg contents were present in the hepatocytosolic fraction, whereas a large percentage of V and Mo were present in insoluble fraction in great cormorant, mallard, and spot-billed duck. The major role of these subcelluar fractions in elemental regulation accounts for the high percentage contribution of each cellular fraction to the total metal contents. Cadmium and Cu are chiefly sequestered through binding to metallothioneins (MTs) of hepatocytosolic fraction in these three avian species. Both MTs and high-molecular-weight substance (HMWS) for Zn and low-molecular-weight substance (LMWS) for Rb were also involved in their sequestration in cytosolic fractions. Relatively different species-specific cytosolic substances were responsible for varying degrees of Ag, Mn, and Co accumulation. It is worth noting that these intracellular metal levels in birds are closely regulated by metal-associated cellular constituents. Therefore, risk assessment studies of metal accumulation in such wild birds should take intracellular metal distribution and specific cellular constituents into account.  相似文献   

POPs--need for target research on high risk stage     

Tanabe S 《Marine pollution bulletin》2004,48(7-8):609-610

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PBDEs, an emerging group of persistent pollutants   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Tanabe S 《Marine pollution bulletin》2004,49(5-6):369-370

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Concentrations of trace elements in muscle of sturgeons in the Caspian Sea   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Agusa T  Kunito T  Tanabe S  Pourkazemi M  Aubrey DG 《Marine pollution bulletin》2004,49(9-10):789-800

Concentrations of 21 trace elements were determined in muscle of beluga (Huso huso), Persian sturgeon (Acipenser persicus), Russian sturgeon (Acipenser gueldenstaedtii), ship sturgeon (Acipenser nudiventris) and stellate sturgeon (Acipenser stellatus) collected from coastal regions of Azerbaijan, Iran, Kazakhstan and Turkmenistan, surrounding the Caspian Sea during 2000-2001. Concentrations of Mn, Co, Cu, Mo, Sn, Hg, Pb and Bi in the muscle were apparently different among the five species of sturgeons. Especially, beluga showed the highest concentrations of Hg, Pb and Mn in all the five species. In addition, more than half of the individuals of beluga exceeded the guideline level (0.3 microg/g wet wt.) of Hg for food in UK. However, V, Cr, Zn, Ga, Rb, Sr and Ba concentrations were similar among five sturgeons. Growth-dependent increase in Hg in beluga, Cu in Persian sturgeon, and Zn in Russian sturgeon were observed, whereas V, Mn, Co, Cu, Ga, Sr, Mo, Sn, Hg and Bi concentrations in Persian sturgeon, Pb in ship sturgeon, and Cr, Mn, and Rb in stellate sturgeon were negatively correlated with body length. All species of sturgeon in Azerbaijan showed the highest concentration of Sr and the lowest concentration of Rb, while the five sturgeons from Iran showed opposite trends. Concentration of V, which is present in oil, in sturgeons in the Caspian Sea was considerably lower than that of fish from Kuwait, but was comparable to that of Cambodia and the Gulf and Gulf of Oman. To our knowledge, this study provides the first extensive data on multielemental accumulation in sturgeons of the Caspian Sea.  相似文献