Studies on urban heat islands using envisat AATSR data   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

K. V. S. Badarinath  T. R. Kiran Chand  K. Madhavilatha  V. Raghavaswamy 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2005,33(4):495-501

Urbanization has significant effects on local weather and climate and among these effects one of the most familiar is the urban heat island, for which the temperatures of the central urban locations are several degrees higher than those of nearby rural areas of similar elevation. Satellite data provides important inputs for estimating regional surface albedo and evapotranspiration required in the studies related to surface energy balance. Present study describes the analysis of day and night ENVISAT-AATSR satellite data for Urban heat island and surface thermal inertia. Field campaigns have been conducted in synchronous with the satellite data over pass for validating the surface temperature estimated from AATSR data. Satellite derived surface temperature values are within ±1° C from ground measured values. Heat island formations in urban regions of Hyderabad and environs can be clearly seen in the night time data with core urban regions showing high temperatures. Apparent thermal inertia derived from AATSR day and night data sets have shown typical variations over urban regions.  相似文献   

Gravitational attraction of a vertical right circular cylinder   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Shri Krishna singh 《Geophysical Journal International》1977,50(1):243-246

  相似文献   

New method of analysis for TeV gamma-ray data collected by the TACTIC telescope     

Chand Krishen 《Experimental Astronomy》2016,42(2):229-247

We describe a new fractal and wavelet based framework for analysing atmospheric Cerenkov images of extensive air showers. The methodology developed using simulated data has been tested with the data collected from Mrk421 and Crab nebula directions during 10 October 2009–16 May 2010 by the TACTIC telescope. The telescope detected flaring activity in TeV gamma-rays from Mrk421 during 15th-17th February 2010. Hillas parameter analysis of Cerenkov images showed presence of TeV γ-ray signal with statistical significance of 12.5 σ beyond 1TeV energy for the 265 hours data set. Based on a Monte-Carlo simulated database of Cerenkov images recorded by the TACTIC telescope, the wavelet dimension B₆ can be exploited as a useful parameter to segregate gamma-ray initiated events from hadron initiated events with better efficiency. We derive a preliminary value of the relevant significance for gamma initiated events using wavelet parameter B₆ for the 265 hours long observation spell of Mrk421 including the flaring episode during 15th–17th February 2010 and 66 hours data of observations on Crab nebula. Wavelet analysis approach has also been tested on Crab OFF- source data of 27 hours. Application of wavelet parameter B₆ on the recorded Cerenkov images of the TACTIC telescope reveals better results in terms of segregation efficiency and enhancement of the determined value of statistical significance as compared to the Hillas parameters approach.  相似文献   

Early Universe in Self-Creation Cosmology     

Shri Ram  C.P. Singh 《Astrophysics and Space Science》1997,257(1):123-129

Spatially homogeneous and isotropic Robertson-Walker model of the universe is studied in Barber's second self-creation theory of gravitation in the presence of perfect fluid by using gamma-law equation of state p =(-1). The parameter gamma varies continuously with cosmological time. Exact solutions of the field equations are obtained for inflationary period and radiation-dominated era by using the power law relation R^n-3 = B. Some physical properties of the models are also discussed.  相似文献   

Some Viscous Fluid Cosmological Models in General Relativity     

Raj Bali  Vimal Chand Jain 《Astrophysics and Space Science》1997,254(1):13-23

The motivation of this paper is to investigate two viscous fluid cosmological models in General Relativity in which the expansion is only in two directions i.e. one of the Hubble parameters is zero. In the first model, coefficient of shear viscosity is assumed to be constant while in the second model, the coefficient of shear viscosity is proportional to the rate of expansion in the model. Here no additional condition is assumed except for coefficient of shear viscosity. These models are new and different from those models obtained by Bali and Jain (1987, 1988) in which free gravitational field was assumed to be Petrov Type D and non-degenerate for Marder (1958) metric and coefficient of shear viscosity is proportional to the rate of expansion in the model. The various physical and geometrical aspects of the models are also discussed. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

几种主要固沙措施的价值分析   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

常兆丰 《中国沙漠》1995,15(2):187-190

以甘肃民勤沙区为例,采用ABC分析法选取了当地6种主要固沙措施,将其功能分解为主要功能和次要功能。主要功能定义为固阻流沙的功能,以1-蚀积系数表示;次要功能定义为改善土壤理化性质的功能,以增加土壤有机质、全氮量和<0.1mm的沙粒的相对值表示,调查计算了固沙措施功能周期内的全部成本,从功能和成本两方面进行了价值分析,为选用固沙效果显著且投资相对低廉的固沙措施提供科学依据。  相似文献   

Site effect study in central Mexico using H/V and SSR techniques: Independence of seismic site effects on source characteristics     

Lucía Lozano  Miguel Herraiz  Shri Krishna Singh 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2009

We study the influence of different source characteristics (depth, distance, type and azimuth) on the site effect in Acapulco and the Valley of Mexico. Site amplification was estimated by means of spectral ratios (both horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio and standard spectral ratio techniques were applied) from earthquake recordings at soft and hard sites. In Acapulco, 125 Mexican earthquakes covering a hypocentral range of 7–290 km and a depth range (H) of 3–61 km were analyzed in three different groups of hypocentral distances. In the Valley of Mexico, we estimate site effect at five locations using recordings from shallow-coastal interplate (200?Δ?570 km; H?35 km) and normal-faulting, intermediate-depth inslab (132?Δ?738 km; 32?H?178 km) earthquakes, as well as from teleseismic events. Our results seem to point to negligible dependence of site effects on the source location and type.  相似文献   

Fabrication of Nanoparticle-Doped Polyvinyl Alcohol-Cellulose Acetate Membrane and Characterization of the Surface Enhancement     

Sathish Raam Ravichandran  Chitra Devi Venkatachalam  Mothil Sengottian  Sarath Sekar  Bhavya Shri Subramaniam Ramasamy  Sakthivel Elangovan  Siddharth Thorali Sivakumar  Shanmuga Sundaram Subramanian 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2023,51(3):2100305

In the present study, nanocomposite polymeric membranes are fabricated using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), cellulose acetate (CA) as polymers, and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as the solvent. To enhance the performance of the membrane, nanoparticles like TiO₂, CaO, CdO, and ZrO are added to the polymeric solution and the doped polymeric solution is cast on a glass plate. Nine combinations of membranes are fabricated with two different concentrations (0.1% and 0.2%) of nanoparticles. The basic properties of the membranes such as density, porosity, viscosity, permeability, pure water flux, and water content are studied for the samples. Membrane pore structure and surface properties are identified and it is found that doping nanoparticles on the surface of membranes improve mechanical strength, stability, pore size, etc., allowing the membranes to perform better in extreme industrial-level effluent treatment applications. High-resolution scanning electron microscopy (SEM) shows the homogeneous dispersion of ZrO, TiO₂, CaO, and CdO nanoparticles on the surface of the PVA-CA membrane. The doping of nanoparticles on the PVA-CA membrane results in improved mechanical strength and good chemical oxidation stability. In comparison, the PCD-TiO₂ sample shows high thermal stability and oxidation stability at high temperatures until 200°C, which has a high potential for treating industrial effluents.  相似文献   

A study of Guptkashi,Uttarakhand earthquake of 6 February 2017 (<Emphasis Type="Italic">M</Emphasis><Subscript><Emphasis Type="Italic">w</Emphasis></Subscript>5.3) in the Himalayan arc and implications for ground motion estimation     

Davuluri Srinagesh  Shri Krishna Singh  Gaddale Suresh  Dakuri Srinivas  Xyoli Pérez-Campos  Gudapati Suresh 《Journal of Seismology》2018,22(3):789-803

The 2017 Guptkashi earthquake occurred in a segment of the Himalayan arc with high potential for a strong earthquake in the near future. In this context, a careful analysis of the earthquake is important as it may shed light on source and ground motion characteristics during future earthquakes. Using the earthquake recording on a single broadband strong-motion seismograph installed at the epicenter, we estimate the earthquake’s location (30.546° N, 79.063° E), depth (H?=?19 km), the seismic moment (M₀?=?1.12×10¹⁷ Nm, M _w 5.3), the focal mechanism (φ?=?280°, δ?=?14°, λ?=?84°), the source radius (a?=?1.3 km), and the static stress drop (Δσ _s ~22 MPa). The event occurred just above the Main Himalayan Thrust. S-wave spectra of the earthquake at hard sites in the arc are well approximated (assuming ω^?2 source model) by attenuation parameters Q(f)?=?500f^0.9, κ?=?0.04 s, and f_max?=?infinite, and a stress drop of Δσ?=?70 MPa. Observed and computed peak ground motions, using stochastic method along with parameters inferred from spectral analysis, agree well with each other. These attenuation parameters are also reasonable for the observed spectra and/or peak ground motion parameters in the arc at distances ≤?200 km during five other earthquakes in the region (4.6?≤?M _w ?≤?6.9). The estimated stress drop of the six events ranges from 20 to 120 MPa. Our analysis suggests that attenuation parameters given above may be used for ground motion estimation at hard sites in the Himalayan arc via the stochastic method.  相似文献   

Late Cenozoic geological development of the south Vøring margin,mid-Norway     

L. Rise  S. Chand  B.O. Hjelstuen  H. Haflidason  R. Bøe 《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2010

Late Cenozoic seismic stratigraphy of the Vøring continental margin has been studied in detail, with emphasis on the geological development of the Naust Formation deposited during the last 3 million years. The Kai Formation (15–3 Ma) comprises mainly biogenic ooze deposited in the Møre and Vøring Basins. In Naust time, there was a marked increase in supply of sediments from the inner shelf areas and the western part of the Scandinavian mountain range, and glaciers expanded to the shelf and reached the shelf edge several times during the last 1.5–2 million years. During early to mid Naust time the shelf was widened by westerly prograding sediment units, but for a long period the shallowest part of the Helland-Hansen Arch (HHA) formed a barrier preventing glacially derived debris from being distributed farther west. West of the HHA, mainly stratified marine and glacimarine sediments were deposited. A substantial part of these sediments were transported by the north-flowing Norwegian Atlantic Current, which redistributed suspended particles from ice streams, rivers, coastal erosion and seabed winnowing. After burial of the crest of the HHA at c. 0.5 Ma, glacial debris and slide deposits were also deposited west of this high. In the north, massive units of glacial debris were distributed beyond the crest of the HHA, also in mid Naust time, thinning westwards and interfingering with fine-grained sediments on the lower slope. The Sklinnadjupet Slide, inferred to be c. 250,000 years old, corresponds in age with an earlier huge slide in the Storegga area. An elongated area of uneven seabed topography previously interpreted as diapirs (Vigrid diapirs) on the slope west of the HHA is shown to be formed by ooze eruption from the crest of the arch and submarine sliding.  相似文献