基于全球大气环流三型分解的西太平洋副热带高压指数的新定义     

王庆万  胡淑娟  贾蓓  周冰倩  高晨斌 《气候与环境研究》2020,25(6):625-636

西太平洋副热带高压（简称副高）活动规律及其变异的动力学机理问题一直是我国气象学家的重要课题。本文针对现有研究和预测中常用的高度场指数不能全面、准确刻画全球变暖背景下的副高演变特征的缺陷,利用全球大气环流三型分解模型中的流函数能够等价描述副高三维空间几何图像的优势,以500 hPa水平型环流流函数的零等值线为客观标准,给出了副高面积、强度、脊线及西伸脊点指数的新定义,并以2018年夏季副高的短期结构演变特征及其与我国东部地区降水之间的关系研究为例,验证了本文新定义副高指数的客观性与合理性。本文利用全球大气环流三型分解模型中的水平型环流流函数新定义的副高指数,不仅从形态上准确刻画了副高的大尺度涡旋环流特征,而且全球大气环流三型分解的动力学、热力学方程组为进一步利用新指数开展副高异常演变的机理研究提供新的理论工具。  相似文献   

Unusual Zebra Patterns in the Decimeter Wave Band     

G. P. Chernov  Yihua Yan  Qijun Fu  Chengming Tan  Shujuan Wang 《Solar physics》2008,250(1):115-131

An analysis of new observations showing fine structures consisting of narrowband fiber bursts as substructures of large-scale zebra-pattern stripes is carried out. We study four events using spectral observations taken with a newly built spectrometer located at the Huairou station, China, in the frequency range of 1.1 – 2.0 GHz with extremely high frequency and time resolutions (5 MHz and 1.25 ms). All the radio events were analyzed by using the available satellite data (SOHO LASCO, EIT, and MDI, TRACE, and RHESSI). Small-scale fibers always drift to lower frequencies. They may belong to a family of ropelike fibers and can also be regarded as fine structures of type III bursts and broadband pulsations. The radio emission was moderately or strongly polarized in the ordinary wave mode. In three main events fiber structure appeared as a forerunner of the entire event. All four events were small decimeter bursts. We assume that for small-scale fiber bursts the usual mechanism of coalescence of whistler waves with plasma waves can be applied, and the large-scale zebra pattern can be explained in the conventional double plasma resonance (DPR) model. The appearance of an uncommon fine structure is connected with the following special features of the plasma wave excitation in the radio source: Both whistler and plasma wave instabilities are too weak at the very beginning of the events (i.e., the continuum was absent), and the fine structure is almost invisible. Then, whistlers generated directly at DPR levels “highlight” the radio emission only from these levels owing to their interaction with plasma waves.  相似文献   

高含冰(水)量冻土的单轴抗压强度变化特性研究     

杜海民  张淑娟  马巍 《冰川冻土》2014,36(5):1213-1219

沿用已有的制样方法, 在统一了制样过程中冰、水比例及冰颗粒尺寸的基础上, 开展了高含冰(水)量粉质砂土的单轴抗压强度系统性测试. 结果表明: 高含冰(水)量冻土的单轴抗压强度随应变率的增加而非线性增大; 随温度升高而减小, 减小趋势与总含水量有关. 随含水量的增加, 强度先是非线性增大, 然后逐渐趋于重塑冰的强度, 这有别于早期类似研究的结果. 同时, 也对试样中加入冰颗粒以保证试样高含冰(水)量的制备方法合理性产生了质疑.  相似文献   

倾斜摄影和激光点云技术在大比例尺测图中的应用     

申淑娟  俞志强  黄桦  祝彦敏  吴彬卓 《测绘通报》2017,(12):94-97

在传统大比例尺测图中,建筑物特征线的获取方法或精度高效率低或效率高精度低。本文通过对倾斜三维模型分析,提出了基于直线公理的建筑物特征线快速提取方法;针对高程点数据均为人工采集的现状,引入激光点云数据通过分类插值法自动生成高程特征点。研究证明,本文方法在精度与效率等方面均可取得良好效果,提高了特征线（建筑物线）、特征点（高程点）采集的自动化程度。  相似文献   

粤北岩溶峰林植物钙吸收、转运、返还能力及适应性分析   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

魏兴琥  雷俐  刘淑娟  关共凑 《中国岩溶》2017,36(3):368-376

选择粤北岩溶峰林30种典型植物种,系统测定了不同植物的根际土、根、茎干、叶片、枯落物全钙含量,采用吸收系数、转运率、返还率指标分析了不同植物对钙利用、储存及返还土壤的特征,并以各样本全钙含量为指标进行不同植物钙适应性的聚类分析,结果表明:（1）峰林植物对岩溶土壤富钙环境具有良好的适应性,其全钙含量与土壤根际全钙含量之间呈显著的正相关关系,但不同植物的钙吸收系数差异较大,攀援灌木的钙吸收系数分别是乔木、小灌木和草本植物的1.21倍、1.22倍和1.30倍;（2）不同生活型植物的叶片、茎干、根系全钙含量差异较大,各类灌木的叶片、茎干、根系全钙含量平均值分别是乔木全钙含量的1.08倍、1.07倍、1.17倍,是草本植物叶片和根系全钙含量的1.39倍、1.82倍,全钙含量总体上呈现:根系＞叶片＞茎干的趋势;（3）30种峰林植物的钙返还率在22.06%～103.84%之间,草本植物钙返还率最大,为67.18%,其次为乔木的58.72%,灌木最小,为55.90%,但3种生活型类型之间无显著性差异;(4)根据聚类分析结果可以将30种峰林植物对富钙环境的适应性分为富钙高吸收低返还型、少钙低吸收高返还型、多钙高吸收中返还型、多钙中吸收中返还型4种类型,30种植物中有26种属于多钙中吸收中返还型,这证明岩溶峰林植物对土壤富钙环境有良好适应性。   相似文献   

基于PCA与不变矩的车标定位与识别   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

王枚  王国宏  房培玉  孙淑娟 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2008,33(1):36-40

在车牌位置确定的情况下,利用车标边缘特点在车牌上方一定范围内检测车标.提出车标似真度的概念,将检测到的车标图像映入PCA生成的特征车标空间,得到的重构图像与原图像进行车标真实性检测,减少车标的误定位;然后利用不变矩的旋转、尺度及平移均不变的特性,定义不变矩的最小矩距离进行车标识别.通过实测车标图像的定位和识别实验表明,该方法是有效和可行的.  相似文献   

Bioactive compounds of sea cucumbers and their therapeutic effects   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

时淑娟  冯文静  胡松  梁世秀  安妮娜  毛拥军 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2016,34(3):549-558

Sea cucumbers belong to the Class Holothuroidea of marine invertebrates. They are commercially valuable and prized as a food and folk medicine in Asia. Nutritionally, sea cucumbers have an impressive profile of valuable nutrients such as vitamins, minerals and amino acids. A number of unique biological and pharmacological activities/properties, including anticancer, anticoagulant/antithrombotic, antimicrobial, antioxidant, antihyperlipidemic, antihyperglycemic, anti-inflammatory, antihypertension and radioprotective, have been ascribed to various compounds isolated from sea cucumbers. The therapeutic properties and medicinal benefits of sea cucumbers can be linked to the presence of a wide array of bioactives, especially triterpene glycosides, acid mucopolysaccharide, sphingoid bases, glycolipids, fucosylated chondroitin sulfate, polysaccharides, phospholipids, cerebrosides, phosphatidylcholines, and other extracts and hydrolysates. This review highlights the valuable bioactive components as well as the multiple therapeutic properties of sea cucumbers with a view to exploring their potential uses as functional foods and a natural source of new multifunctional drugs.  相似文献   

CUACE系统在乌鲁木齐空气质量预报中的效果检验   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李曼  张载勇  李淑娟  于晓晶  琚陈相 《沙漠与绿洲气象(新疆气象)》2014,8(5):63-68

采用2013年12月1日—2014年2月28日空气质量观测数据,对CUACE系统在乌鲁木齐空气质量预报中的效果进行离线检验。结果表明,在污染物浓度和空气质量分指数方面,NO2的预报效果优于PM10和PM2.5,28 h预报时效的预报效果优于52 h预报时效;在首要污染物预报结果中,28 h预报时效的总体预报效果优于52 h,28 h预报时效中PM2.5预报正确率为65%;从空气质量等级的预报效果来看,28 h预报时效与52 h预报时效无明显差别,对NO2和PM10的预报准确率达到100%,对PM2.5三级预报准确率达到90%以上,对二、四级预报准确率在70%～80%之间,对五、六级重度污染预报值偏低两个级别或以上。  相似文献   

沙漠绿洲戈壁区域同化预报系统降水预报检验     

于晓晶  于志翔  辛渝  李淑娟  琚陈相  李曼  马玉芬 《湖北气象》2014,33(3):281-289

基于沙漠绿洲戈壁区域同化预报系统(Desert Oasis Gobi Regional Assimilation and Forecast System,简称"DOGRAFS"),对2012年11月1日—2013年10月31日逐日四次预报的6h累积降水量和实况资料,利用TS、ETS和BS评分统计量,对该系统的降水预报能力进行客观检验评估,结果表明:总体而言,模式预报效果存在一定的季节差异,夏秋两季预报评分高于冬春两季;对于同一降水阈值,系统不同起报时间对降水的预报结果差别不大,但总体上12 UTC略优于其它三个时次;模式对降水的预报能力随着降水阈值的增大而逐渐降低,其中,对0.1 mm·(6 h)-1阈值的降水预报性能最稳定,对3.1 mm·(6 h)-1和6.1 mm·(6 h)-1两阈值次之但预报范围与实况比较吻合,对12.1 mm·(6 h)-1以上的大阈值降水过程,整体把握能力还有待提高。另外,针对2013年5月26—29日南疆一次极端强降水天气个例进行分析,不同起报时间对强降水时段的落区和量级的预报能力参差不齐,其中26日12UTC的预报结果最优;对其增量场分析表明,同化的资料对预报初始场中、低层的风场、温度场以及湿度场都有明显的调整作用,对预报结果有较好的正效应。  相似文献   

PCR-DGGE analysis of intestinal bacteria and effect of Bacillus spp. on intestinal microbial diversity in kuruma shrimp (Marsupenaeus japonicus)     

刘淮德  刘梅  王宝杰  蒋克勇  姜珊  孙姝娟  王雷 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2010,28(4):808-814

In this study, the intestinal microbiota of kuruma shrimp (Marsupenaeus japonicus) was examined by molecular analysis of the 16S rDNA to identify the dominant intestinal bacteria and to investigate the effects of Bacillus spp. on intestinal microbial diversity. Samples of the intestines of kuruma shrimp fed normal feed and Bacillus spp. amended feed. PCR and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analyses were then performed on DNA extracted directly from the guts. Population fingerprints of the predominant organisms were generated by DGGE analysis of the universal V3 16S rDNA amplicons, and distinct bands in the gels were sequenced. The results suggested that the gut of kuruma shrimp was dominated by Vibrio sp. and uncultured gamma proteobacterium. Overall, the results of this study suggest that PCR-DGGE is a possible method of studying the intestinal microbial diversity of shrimp.  相似文献