Assessment of health safety from ingestion of natural radionuclides in seafoods from a tropical coast, India     

Khan MF  Godwin Wesley S 《Marine pollution bulletin》2011,62(2):399-355

The activities of ²¹⁰Po and ²¹⁰Pb were determined in commonly consumed seafoods to evaluate the internal exposure and risk to humans residing Kudankulam coast where a mega nuclear power plant is under construction. The concentration of ²¹⁰Po in seafoods ranged from 1.2 ± 0.7 to 248 ± 8.1 Bq kg⁻¹. Meanwhile, ²¹⁰Pb ranged between 1.1 ± 0.05 and 14.8 ± 1.6 Bq kg⁻¹. The committed effective dose (CED) due to ²¹⁰Po and ²¹⁰Pb varied from 11.04 to 515.6 and 3.93 to 23.5 μSv yr⁻¹, respectively. The lifetime cancer risk for the public due to ²¹⁰Po was in the range of 3.47 × 10⁻⁵-1.62 × 10⁻³ and it was 4.03 × 10⁻⁵-1.96 × 10⁻⁴ due to ²¹⁰Pb. The activity intake, effective dose and cancer risk was found lesser than international guidelines and the seafood intake was considered to be safe for human consumption.  相似文献   

Assessment of probability multimodel seasonal forecast based on the APCC model data     

A. Yu. Bundel  V. N. Kryzhov  Young-Mi Min  V. M. Khan  R. M. Vilfand  V. A. Tishchenko 《Russian Meteorology and Hydrology》2011,36(3):145-154

The probability multimodel forecast system based on the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation Climate Center (APCC) model data is verified. The winter and summer seasonal mean fields T ₈₅₀ and precipitation seasonal totals are estimated. To combine the models into a multimodel ensemble, the probability forecast is calculated for each of single models first, and then these forecasts are combined using the total probability formula. It is shown that the multimodel forecast is considerably more skilful than the single-model forecasts. The forecast quality is higher in the tropics compared to the mid- and high latitudes. The multimodel ensemble temperature forecasts outperform the random and climate forecasts for Northern Eurasia in the above- and below-normal categories. Precipitation forecast is less successful. For winter, the combination of single-model ensembles provides the precipitation forecast skill exceeding that of the random forecast for both Northern Eurasia and European Russia.  相似文献   

Role of unbalanced slab resistive force in the 2004 off Sumatra mega-earthquake (<Emphasis Type="Italic">M</Emphasis><Subscript>w</Subscript> > 9.0) event     

Prosanta Kumar Khan 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》2011,100(7):1749-1758

Present study addresses the role of major plate-driving forces, particularly the slab pull and slab resistive forces, for the generation of 26 December 2004 M _w > 9.0 off Sumatra megathrust earthquake. Major controls on the plate-driving forces are normally visualized through age, speed, and average dip of the slab during subduction. Wide variation in age, plate obliquity, stress obliquity, subduction rate, dip angle, and flexing depth of the subducting oceanic lithosphere between Andaman and Sumatra thus allowed us for quantitative evaluation of the slab pull (F _SP) and slab resistive (F _SR) forces in three well-defined sectors (I, II and III). Computed values of these forces in the three sectors: (1) F _SP = 1.29 × 10¹³ N/m, F _SR = 1.41 × 10¹³ N/m; sector I, (2) F _SP = 2.10 × 10¹³ N/m, F _SR = 1.13 × 10¹³ N/m; sector II, and (3) F _SP = 2.08 × 10¹³ N/m, F _SR = 2.72 × 10¹³ N/m; sector III clearly suggest a spatial variation of stress regime in the subducting oceanic lithosphere. Excess F _SR in sectors I and III are interpreted as the causative forces behind the triggering of major seismic energy bursts near Sumatra and Andaman on 26 December 2004. A gap of minimum seismic energy burst near Great Nicobar possibly was controlled by the excess of F _SP in sector II. This study further advocates that the cyclic stress, resulted from unbalanced component of slab resistive force, had a definite control on the occurrence of 2004 off Sumatra megathrust earthquake around the flexing zone of the subducting lithosphere.  相似文献   

Modelling Short‐Scale Variability and Uncertainty During Mineral Resource Estimation Using a Novel Fuzzy Estimation Technique     

Khan Muhammad  Hylke J. Glass 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2011,35(3):369-385

For mineral resource assessment, techniques based on fuzzy logic are attractive because they are capable of incorporating uncertainty associated with measured variables and can also quantify the uncertainty of the estimated grade, tonnage etc. The fuzzy grade estimation model is independent of the distribution of data, avoiding assumptions and constraints made during advanced geostatistical simulation, e.g., the turning bands method. Initially, fuzzy modelling classifies the data using all the component variables in the data set. We adopt a novel approach by taking into account the spatial irregularity of mineralisation patterns using the Gustafson–Kessel classification algorithm. The uncertainty at the point of estimation was derived through antecedent memberships in the input space (i.e., spatial coordinates) and transformed onto the output space (i.e., grades) through consequent membership at the point of estimation. Rather than probabilistic confidence intervals, this uncertainty was expressed in terms of fuzzy memberships, which indicated the occurrence of mixtures of different mineralogical phases at the point of estimation. Data from different sources (other than grades) could also be utilised during estimation. Application of the proposed technique on a real data set gave results that were comparable to those obtained from a turning bands simulation.  相似文献   

GIS-based impact assessment of land-use changes on groundwater quality: study from a rapidly urbanizing region of South India   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Haris H. Khan  Arina Khan  Shakeel Ahmed  Jerome Perrin 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2011,63(6):1289-1302

This study attempts to assess the influence of changing land-use patterns on the groundwater quality of the hard rock aquifer system in the Maheshwaram watershed, near Hyderabad, India. The study area is a rapidly urbanizing region with land development progressing at a fast pace. To study the impact of this rapid urbanization and overall land-use transition, a groundwater quality index (GQI) was prepared within a geographical information system (GIS). The GQI integrates the different water quality parameters to give a final index value that can be used for spatio-temporal comparisons. The land-use transitions were closely monitored from 2003 to 2008 using multispectral satellite images. The land-use pattern has changed drastically with an increase in the built-up area at the expense of other land uses. The analysis reveals a rapid deterioration of groundwater quality related mainly to the increase in built-up land with unsewered sanitation and poultry farms. Seasonal variability of the groundwater quality was also assessed. Mean GQI decreased from 84.16 to 83.26 over a period of 5 years from 2003 to 2008, while seasonal variability of water quality increased. GQI and Seasonal Variability of water quality were integrated in GIS to yield a groundwater sustainability map, in terms of water quality. Zones of sustainable and unsustainable groundwater use were demarcated for better decision making related to municipal land allotment in this rapidly urbanizing region.  相似文献   

Machine learning techniques applied to prediction of residual strength of clay   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Sarat Kumar Das  Pijush Samui  Shakilu Zama Khan  Nagarathnam Sivakugan 《Central European Journal of Geosciences》2011,3(4):449-461

Stability with first time or reactivated landslides depends upon the residual shear strength of soil. This paper describes prediction of the residual strength of soil based on index properties using two machine learning techniques. Different Artificial Neural Network (ANN) models and Support Vector Machine (SVM) techniques have been used. SVM aims at minimizing a bound on the generalization error of a model rather than at minimizing the error on the training data only. The ANN models along with their generalizations capabilities are presented here for comparisons. This study also highlights the capability of SVM model over ANN models for the prediction of the residual strength of soil. Based on different statistical parameters, the SVM model is found to be better than the developed ANN models. A model equation has been developed for prediction of the residual strength based on the SVM for practicing geotechnical engineers. Sensitivity analyses have been also performed to investigate the effects of different index properties on the residual strength of soil.  相似文献   

Lee yang theory for cosmological many body problem     

Mohammad S. Khan  Manzoor A. Malik 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2013,348(1):211-215

We study the phase transition in a gravitating system by analyzing grand canonical partition function as a function of complex fugacity. We extend the Yang-Lee theory to study phase transitions in the gravitational galaxy clustering of galaxies having a variety of masses. This generalizes our previous work based on the same theory for the single-component system to a multicomponent system. We find that galaxy clustering is sensitive to masses and number densities of individual galaxies at early stages while at later stages collective behavior of the particles is more pronounced. This validates our earlier work obtained from different considerations.  相似文献   

Progressive climate change and disasters: island perspectives     

Ilan Kelman  Shabana Khan 《Natural Hazards》2013,69(1):1131-1136

  相似文献   

Drainage morphometry and its influence on hydrology in an semi arid region: using SRTM data and GIS   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

P. D. Sreedevi  P. D. Sreekanth  H. H. Khan  S. Ahmed 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2013,70(2):839-848

An attempt has been made to study drainage morphometry and its influence on hydrology of Peddavanka watershed, South India. Drainage networks for the sub-basins were derived from topographical map (1:50,000) and Shuttle Radar Topographic Mission (SRTM) Digital Elevation Model (DEM) data used for preparing elevation, slope and aspects maps. Geographical information system (GIS) was used in evaluation of linear, areal and relief aspects of morphometric parameters. The study reveals that SRTM DEM and GIS-based approach in evaluation of drainage morphometric parameters and their influence on hydrological characteristics at watershed level is more appropriate than the conventional methods. The mean Bifurcation ratio (R _b) of the entire basin is 3.88 which indicate that the drainage pattern is not much influenced by geological structures. VIII sub-basin have high elongation ratio (R _e), basin relief (B _h), Ruggedness number (Rn) and time of concentration (T _c). It indicates that the erosion and peak discharges are high in these basins. Therefore, the construction of the check dams and earth dams will help in reducing peak discharge on the main channel. These studies are very useful for implementing rainwater harvesting and watershed management.  相似文献   

Shallow and deep aquifer hydrochemistry and chemical variability of water quality at Shariatpur district, Bangladesh     

Riaz Hossain Khan  Muhammad Qumrul Hassan  Mohammad Saiful Islam 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2013,69(8):2499-2512

Water quality and hydrochemistry of Shariatpur district were evaluated in terms of hydrochemical composition and some important physico-chemical parameters. The groundwater of the study area is good for drinking, domestic as well as for irrigation purposes. Among the major ions, shallow tube well waters give higher concentration of Ca²⁺ which ranges from 24 to 260 mg/L. The deep tubewell waters show higher concentration of Na⁺ which varies from 74 to 582 mg/L during dry season. Among the trace elements most of the shallow aquifer samples show higher concentration of Fe²⁺, Mn²⁺ and As. Concentration of Fe²⁺ varies from 0.655 to 18.8 mg/L, and Mn²⁺ from trace to 0.868 mg/L during dry period. Hydrochemical analyses reveal significant seasonal variation in water quality of shallow aquifer. Both the shallow aquifer and the surface water of the study area are predominantly of Ca–Mg–HCO₃ type, while the deep aquifer water is mainly of Na–K–Cl–SO₄ type with slight inclination to Ca–Mg–HCO₃ type. The study area is suitable for groundwater development if comprehensive and holistic approaches towards water resource management are taken into consideration.  相似文献