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11.
A monthly mean time series of the temperature profile in the recirculation gyre south of the Kuroshio Extension has been produced
for the period 1971–2007 to examine temporal variations of the winter mixed layer. The winter mixed layer depth (MLD) shows
both interannual and decadal variations and is significantly correlated with variation of the mean net surface heat flux in
late autumn to early winter. There is also a close relation with the strength of pre-existing subsurface stratification, measured
as vertical temperature gradients in the preceding summer. Linear multiple regression analysis shows that a significant fraction
of the variations in the winter MLD is explained by the surface heat flux and the strength of the stratification. The contribution
of the two factors is comparable. 相似文献
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Takuro Kobashi Jeffrey P. Severinghaus Jean-Marc Barnola Kenji Kawamura Tara Carter Tosiyuki Nakaegawa 《Climatic change》2010,100(3-4):733-756
Future Greenland temperature evolution will affect melting of the ice sheet and associated global sea-level change. Therefore, understanding Greenland temperature variability and its relation to global trends is critical. Here, we reconstruct the last 1,000 years of central Greenland surface temperature from isotopes of N2 and Ar in air bubbles in an ice core. This technique provides constraints on decadal to centennial temperature fluctuations. We found that northern hemisphere temperature and Greenland temperature changed synchronously at periods of ~20 years and 40–100 years. This quasi-periodic multi-decadal temperature fluctuation persisted throughout the last millennium, and is likely to continue into the future. 相似文献
14.
Jianyu Hu Hiroshi Kawamura Huasheng Hong Fumiaki Kobashi Dongxiao Wang 《Journal of Oceanography》2001,57(1):69-78
Sea surface height (SSH) variations with a period of 36 months (SSH36 variations) in the South China Sea (SCS) and its adjacent ocean are intensively investigated using six years of TOPEX/POSEIDON-derived SSH data. The results show that there appears higher energy of SSH36 variations in the east of the Luzon Strait and in some areas of the SCS, both of which are correlated with each other. The SSH36 variations usually propagate westward in the subtropical region of the northern Pacific Ocean and turn northward in the east of the Luzon Strait while they sometimes propagate into the SCS through the Luzon Strait with the phase speed of about 11–12 cm/s, which may be considered as Rossby waves. It can be inferred that the SSH36 variations are strongly associated with current structures and eddies in the SCS because of their significant intensiveness. The SSH variations with the period of 6 months are more dominant than those with the other periods in the SCS. 相似文献
15.
Three Kuroshio small meanders off the southeast coast of Kyushu that occurred during 1994 to 1995 were investigated by using
satellite-derived sea surface temperature (SST) and sea surface height (SSH) maps, World Ocean Circulation Experiment (WOCE)
Hydrographic Program (WHP) repeat section and Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) hydrographic observations. Based on the satellite
data, we observed that the three small meanders are formed by different processes: the triggering and growth of these meanders
are caused by a cyclonic eddy propagating from the Kuroshio recirculation region or Kuroshio front meanders traveling from
the East China Sea. Investigation of the two small meanders in 1994 and 1995 spring that are captured by the WHP observation
showed quite consistent hydrographic features. On the nearshore side of the meandering Kuroshio, a countercurrent appears,
associated with vertically uniform upward lifts of the isopycnals from sea surface to bottom at the boundary between the countercurrent
and the Kuroshio. In the countercurrent region, the waters in the density ranges of the North Pacific subtropical mode water
(NPSTMW) and the North Pacific Intermediate Water (NPIW) are more saline and less saline than typical waters that the Kuroshio
carries in a non-small meander state, respectively. There are indications that high-salinity NPSTMW and low-salinity NPIW
distributed off the Kuroshio was supplied to the countercurrent region. In the meandering Kuroshio flow, while there is no
notable change in properties around the NPSTMW density range, salinity of the NPIW is significantly higher than that carried
by the Kuroshio in a non-small meander state, but not higher than that in the Kuroshio at the Tokara Strait, which suggests
that saline NPIW from the Tokara Strait, less mixed with low-salinity NPIW off the Kuroshio, may be carried by the meandering
Kuroshio.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献