Hydrogeochemical evaluation of Umut geothermal field (SW Turkey)     

Özgür Avşar  Göktuğ Altuntaş 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2017,76(16):582

Tekkehamam geothermal field is located in the South of Menderes Graben (Aegean region) and is one of the most important geothermal sites of Western Anatolia. Umut geothermal field is a part of the Tekkehamam field. This study was conducted in order to determine the origin and hydrogeochemical properties of the geothermal waters. For this purpose, sampling was done in order to check the chemistry of the water, and ¹⁸O, ²H isotope analyses done at four wells, nine natural springs and three cold water sources. According to the results of the chemical analysis, the geothermal waters were determined to be of Na + K-SO₄ type. Additionally, ¹⁴C and ³H analyses were done in selected well and spring waters for the purpose of age determination of groundwater; most of the waters were determined to be submodern. Geothermometer calculations show that the reservoir temperature for the Umut geothermal field ranges between 148 and 180 °C. Stable isotope results indicate that Umut geothermal waters are meteoric in origin. Mixing between shallow and deep waters is the dominant subsurface process that determines the physical and chemical character of the waters.  相似文献   

Investigation of the Kumdanlı and surrounding faults on the Eğirdir Lake by conducting ground penetrating radar (GPR) profiles     

Hasan Hüseyin Aksu  Mehmet Zakir Kanbur  Muhittin Görmüş 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2017,10(17):387

A ground penetrating radar (GPR) survey was performed on the E?irdir Lake to obtain the structural properties of Kumdanl? and surrounding faults. GPR data was collected along ten profiles in various directions by using 100–200-MHz GPR antennas. The radar sections showed that the Kumdanl? Fault, SW-NE in direction, and also some other neighboring NW-SE normal faults have played an active role in forming the E?irdir-Hoyran Lakes. The deformation and the geometry obtained from the results show that the Kumdanl? Fault is a sinistral strike-slip fault including oblique and segmented displacements. The other faults (Kemerdam? and Akkeçili) have mainly normal fault systems. Their trends are generally NW-SE in direction. It is also observed that they are younger than the Kumdanl? Fault system. These fault properties demonstrate the E?irdir Lake side has an extensional structure trending SW-NE.  相似文献   

Isotopic,mineralogical, and thermobarometric variations of Al-Wahbah crater (Maklaa Tameya), Kishb area,Saudi Arabia     

Antar Abdel Wahab  Mohamed Fouad Ghoneim  Tamer Abu-Alam 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2017,10(2):30

The Cenozoic volcanism of western Saudi Arabia extends from southern Yemen to Jordan northward. They cover an area of nearly 180,000 km². The rocks are dominated by alkali olivine basalts and olivine basalts. Al-Wahbah crater, a part of Harrat Kishb, represents a model occurrence to study the gneisses of these rocks. New mineral chemistry and isotopic data are presented. It aims to follow the isotopic, mineralogical, and thermobarometry variations among these volcanics. Amphiboles of the studied volcanics belong to the monoclinic calcic group. The chemistry of the amphibole crystals shows two ranges of pressure. They are 3.6–5.6 and 0.38–0.78 kbar. The Al_iv values of the amphiboles are in the range of 1.202 and 1.407, indicating corresponding temperature condition of 820–920 and 620–720 °C, respectively. The feldspar of the studied samples has the composition of plagioclase, though some grains have sanidine composition. They are formed in temperature range of 975 and 400 °C. The coexisting amphiboles and plagioclases indicate two sets of pressure and temperature. They are 540–575 °C (3.5–4 kbar) and 510–525 °C (~2 kbar), respectively. Rb–Sr isochron of the whole rock yields an age of 0.867 ± 0.160 Ma with initial Sr⁸⁷/Sr⁸⁶ of 0.702 ± 0.00086. The low initial ratio of Sr⁸⁷/Sr⁸⁶ together with positive values of εNd today implies that the studied volcanics have mantle source. Meanwhile, the present isotopic data suggest extraction of juvenile magma from asthenosphere source. The present study shows that the Al-Wahbah crater rocks belong to Cenozoic basalts and indicate EM-I-like signature.  相似文献   

Displacement amplification factors for steel eccentrically braced frames          下载免费PDF全文

Ahmet Kuşy𝚤lmaz  Cem Topkaya 《地震工程与结构动力学》2015,44(2):167-184

Inelastic deformation capacity of links is a factor that significantly influences design of steel eccentrically braced frames (EBFs). The link rotation angle is used to describe inelastic link deformation. The link rotation angle is generally calculated by making use of design story drifts that in turn are calculated by modifying the elastic displacements by a displacement amplification factor. This paper presents a numerical study undertaken to evaluate the displacement amplification factor given in ASCE7‐10 for EBFs and the rigid‐plastic mechanism used for calculating link rotation angles. A total of 72 EBFs were designed by considering the number of stories, the bay width, the link length to bay width ratio, and the seismic hazard level as the prime variables. All structures were analyzed using elastic and inelastic time history analyses. The results indicated that the displacement amplification factor given in ASCE7‐10 provides unconservative estimates of the story drifts. On the other hand, the rigid‐plastic mechanism provides conservative estimates of link rotations. Based on the results of the numerical study, a new set of displacement amplification factors that vary along the height of the structure and modifications to the rigid‐plastic mechanism were developed. In light of the proposed modifications, the EBFs were redesigned and analyzed using inelastic time history analysis. The results indicated that the proposed modifications provide improvements for the displacement amplification factor and link rotation angle calculation procedures. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Joint parameter estimation from magnetic resonance and vertical electric soundings using a multi‐objective genetic algorithm     

İrfan Akca  Thomas Günther  Mike Müller‐Petke  Ahmet T. Başokur  Ugur Yaramanci 《Geophysical Prospecting》2014,62(2):364-376

Magnetic resonance sounding (MRS) has increasingly become an important method in hydrogeophysics because it allows for estimations of essential hydraulic properties such as porosity and hydraulic conductivity. A resistivity model is required for magnetic resonance sounding modelling and inversion. Therefore, joint interpretation or inversion is favourable to reduce the ambiguities that arise in separate magnetic resonance sounding and vertical electrical sounding (VES) inversions. A new method is suggested for the joint inversion of magnetic resonance sounding and vertical electrical sounding data. A one‐dimensional blocky model with varying layer thicknesses is used for the subsurface discretization. Instead of conventional derivative‐based inversion schemes that are strongly dependent on initial models, a global multi‐objective optimization scheme (a genetic algorithm [GA] in this case) is preferred to examine a set of possible solutions in a predefined search space. Multi‐objective joint optimization avoids the domination of one objective over the other without applying a weighting scheme. The outcome is a group of non‐dominated optimal solutions referred to as the Pareto‐optimal set. Tests conducted using synthetic data show that the multi‐objective joint optimization approximates the joint model parameters within the experimental error level and illustrates the range of trade‐off solutions, which is useful for understanding the consistency and conflicts between two models and objectives. Overall, the Levenberg‐Marquardt inversion of field data measured during a survey on a North Sea island presents similar solutions. However, the multi‐objective genetic algorithm method presents an efficient method for exploring the search space by producing a set of non‐dominated solutions. Borehole data were used to provide a verification of the inversion outcomes and indicate that the suggested genetic algorithm method is complementary for derivative‐based inversions.  相似文献   

Groundwater Recharge Rate and Zone Structure Estimation Using PSOLVER Algorithm     

M. Tamer Ayvaz  Alper Elçi 《Ground water》2014,52(3):434-447

The quantification of groundwater recharge is an important but challenging task in groundwater flow modeling because recharge varies spatially and temporally. The goal of this study is to present an innovative methodology to estimate groundwater recharge rates and zone structures for regional groundwater flow models. Here, the unknown recharge field is partitioned into a number of zones using Voronoi Tessellation (VT). The identified zone structure with the recharge rates is associated through a simulation‐optimization model that couples MODFLOW‐2000 and the hybrid PSOLVER optimization algorithm. Applicability of this procedure is tested on a previously developed groundwater flow model of the Tahtal? Watershed. Successive zone structure solutions are obtained in an additive manner and penalty functions are used in the procedure to obtain realistic and plausible solutions. One of these functions constrains the optimization by forcing the sum of recharge rates for the grid cells that coincide with the Tahtal? Watershed area to be equal to the areal recharge rate determined in the previous modeling by a separate precipitation‐runoff model. As a result, a six‐zone structure is selected as the best zone structure that represents the areal recharge distribution. Comparison to results of a previous model for the same study area reveals that the proposed procedure significantly improves model performance with respect to calibration statistics. The proposed identification procedure can be thought of as an effective way to determine the recharge zone structure for groundwater flow models, in particular for situations where tangible information about groundwater recharge distribution does not exist.  相似文献   

Gas/Substrate Fluxes and Microbial Community in Phenol Biodegradation Using an O2‐Based Membrane Biofilm Reactor          下载免费PDF全文

Özge Hanay  Ergin Taşkan  Burçin Yıldız  Halil Hasar  Eoin Casey 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2014,42(1):36-42

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广西大厂锡多金属矿田亢马矿床地质特征及成矿时代   总被引：21，自引：3，他引：18  

蔡明海  梁婷  吴德成 《地质学报》2005,79(2):262-268

亢马矿床是广西大厂锡多金属矿田东矿带中一个研究程度较低的中型锡多金属矿床。矿床特征研究表明,区内的锡多金属矿化主要呈脉状产出,明显受构造控制,成矿作用以充填-交代为主,后生成矿作用特征明显。成矿作用可分为3个阶段,各阶段的完全均一温度分别为30 0～35 0℃、2 10～2 80℃、14 5～175℃。石英流体包裹体Rb- Sr测年获得等时线年龄为94 .1±2 .7Ma(2σ) ,表明成矿时代属燕山晚期,成矿流体的87Sr/ 86 Sr初始值为0 .710 15 ,与大厂矿田中部龙箱盖黑云母花岗岩87Sr/ 86 Sr的初始值0 .7110接近。成矿年龄与成矿流体的87Sr/ 86 Sr初始值均表明亢马锡多金属矿的成矿作用与区内的龙箱盖岩体具有一定的成生联系。  相似文献   

一种有效追踪油气运移轨迹的新方法--断面优势运移通道的提出及其应用   总被引：16，自引：3，他引：13  

罗群庞雄奇  姜振学 《地质论评》2005,51(2):156-162

作为油气运移的重要通道,断裂的不同部位对油气的输导能力具有很强的不均一性,从而造成沿油源断裂分布的油气圈闭具有明显的油气差异聚集结果。断而优势运移通道的提出改变了以往人们认为开启的断裂都是油气运移通道的错误观念,强调只有沿着断面优势运移通道寻找勘探目标,才可能发现油气藏。本文通过分析断裂带输导能力的不均一性,提出断而优势运移通道概念及其油气汇聚运移原理,断面优势运移通道分析步骤和方法,并以柴达木盆地北缘儿条主要的控油气断裂为例,分析了不同部他油气运移的优势运移通道并对其附近的油气圈闭含油气性进行了评价,结果与勘探成果相符。  相似文献   

2001年昆仑山口西MS8.1地震地表同震位移分布特征   总被引：10，自引：1，他引：9       下载免费PDF全文

陈杰  陈宇坤  丁国瑜  王赞军  田勤俭  尹功明  单新建  王志才 《地震地质》2004,26(3):378-392

沿长约 4 2 6km的 2 0 0 1年昆仑山口西MS8 1地震地表破裂带共获得 2 91个点的地表同震水平左旋位移数据 ,并在其中 1 1 1个点获得了垂直位移数据。该地震总体以左旋水平位移为主 ,兼具一定的垂直位移。最大地表左旋水平位移值可达 6 4m ,平均水平位移约为 2 7m ,绝大多数测点的垂直位移均 <1m。地表水平位移沿主破裂带走向位移梯度变化于 1 0 - 1～ 1 0 - 4之间 ,这一起伏变化可能起因于野外测量误差、沿主破裂带岩性或松散沉积物厚度的变化、地表破裂带几何结构的不均匀性、地表破裂走向的变化、不同破裂段在昆仑山口西 8 1级地震之前的地震中滑动量的起伏变化 ,以及大量非脆性变形、次级破裂的存在等。水平位移沿主破裂带的长波长 (数十公里至数百公里 )起伏变化较有规律 ,在布喀达坂峰以东表现为分别以 5个水平位移峰值为中心而有规律地起伏变化。这5个位移峰值分别对应于不同的次级地震地表破裂段。各破裂段水平位移峰值均向阶区或拐点逐渐衰减 ,不同地表破裂段位移峰值向两侧衰减的速率是不同的 ,这种位移梯度的不对称分布可能指示了地震破裂的扩展方向。上述位移分布特征真实地反映了地表可见脆  相似文献