PCDD/Fs in sediments of Central Vietnam coastal lagoons: in search of TCDD     

Piazza R  Giuliani S  Bellucci LG  Mugnai C  Cu NH  Nhon DH  Vecchiato M  Romano S  Frignani M 《Marine pollution bulletin》2010,60(12):2303-2310

Samples from nine Central Vietnam coastal lagoons, together with three soils and sediments collected in two freshwater reservoirs of the Thua Thien-Hué province, were analysed for polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs). Total concentrations are low, from 192 to 2912 pg g⁻¹ and depth profiles in Tam Giang-Cau Hai (TG-CH) sediment cores show only minor changes over time in PCDD/F input and composition. Octachloro dibenzo-p-dioxin (OCDD) is the prevailing congener (approximately 90%), indicating combustion as the main PCDD/F source to these coastal systems, whereas natural formation might be partly responsible for the presence at depth. 2,3,7,8-Tetrachloro dibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), largely sprayed together with Agent Orange over the study areas during the war (1961–1971), is absent or very low. This result supports the hypothesis of strong degradation soon after spraying. Multivariate statistical analyses account for the presence of local, short-range sources as observed in the northern part of the TG-CH lagoon.  相似文献   

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巩岩  党亚民 《大地测量与地球动力学》2010,30(5):86-89

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Environmental impacts on the distribution of microbial tetraether lipids in Chinese lakes with contrasting pH: Implications for lacustrine paleoenvironmental reconstructions     

XinYue Dang  JianTao Xue  Huan Yang  ShuCheng Xie 《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2016,59(5):939-950

Glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers(GDGTs) in lake sediments are useful biomarkers for the continental paleoclimatic reconstruction. However, the environmental controls on the distribution of these compounds, in particular the 6-methyl isomers of bacterial branched GDGTs(bGDGTs), in the lakes with contrasting pH, are still unknown, hindering their application for paleo-reconstructions. Here, we investigated the environmental impacts on the distribution of GDGTs in 17 alkaline lakes and 1 acid lake in China. It was found that the dissolved oxygen content in water column may have an impact on the distribution of archaeal isoprenoid GDGTs(iGDGTs) by causing the change in archaeal communities. The ratio of GDGT-0/crenarchaeol increases with decreasing oxygen content, indicating that the relative abundance of anaerobic methanogenic archaea or Miscellaneous Crenarchaeotic Group(MCG) vs. aerobic Thaumarchaeota is controlled by the oxygen content dissolved in water of these lakes. Thaumarchaeota are likely to contribute only a small proportion of iGDGTs in the relatively oxygen-depleted lakes, and thus TEX_(86) is not suitable for the reconstruction of the surface temperature of these lakes. The abundance ratio of iGDGTs to bGDGTs(R_(i/b)) appears to show no relationship with water pH in all the lakes, but exhibits a significant positive correlation with the water depth of the acid Lake Qinghai in Tengchong. As expected, the methylation degree of bGDGTs(MBT′) was found to correlate with both mean annual air temperature(MAT) and water pH, and the cyclization degree of bGDGTs(CBT) correlates only with water pH in these lakes. However, the MBT′_(5ME), an index to measure the methylation degree of 5-methyl bGDGTs, exhibits no relationship with MAT, whereas MBT′_(6ME), the methylation degree of 6-methyl bGDGTs, was found to correlate significantly with MAT. This is opposite to the situation observed in the global soils, pointing to a different adaptation of b GDGT-producing bacteria to environmental variables or different microbial sources of bGDGTs in these lakes. The relative abundance of 6- vs. 5-methyl bGDGTs is controlled by pH in these lakes, similar to that observed in worldwide soils. Hence, the isomer ratio(IR) of 6-methyl bGDGTs or CBT′ can be used as a proxy for water pH, although they might be influenced by other environmental factors including temperature in the lakes with a narrow range of pH.  相似文献   

不同含水状态下基床级配碎石填料变形特性研究     

刘宝  PHAM Duc Phong  苏谦  桂波 《岩土力学》2016,37(5):1365-1372

基床级配碎石在外界雨水侵入时含水状态发生改变对其变形特性不利,从而影响行车安全,但目前研究含水率对基床级配碎石变形特性的成果甚少,为进一步揭示不同含水状态下基床级配碎石的变形特性,对不同含水率的级配碎石试样开展了多组大型静动三轴试验。首先,通过静三轴试验探讨了含水率对级配碎石应力-应变关系和强度特性的影响;然后,基于动三轴试验,重点研究了含水率、动应力水平对累积应变随荷载作用次数发展规律的影响;在此基础上,建立了综合考虑含水率、荷载作用次数、动应力水平相互耦合作用的累积应变预测模型。基于含水率为5.0%和7.3%的累积应变试验结果,确定了模型中的待定参数,通过含水率为8.6%的试验结果验证了其正确性和合理性,此模型不仅克服了不同动应力水平下累积应变计算模型的分散性,而且能够直观地体现出含水率对累积应变的影响。  相似文献   

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党学会  乔学军  赵斌  吕健  王恒信  张昀龙 《大地测量与地球动力学》2013,33(4):13-16

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Fate and tidal transport of butyltin and mercury compounds in the waters of the tropical Bach Dang Estuary (Haiphong, Vietnam)     

Navarro P  Amouroux D  Thanh ND  Rochelle-Newall E  Ouillon S  Arfi R  Van TC  Mari X  Torréton JP 《Marine pollution bulletin》2012,64(9):1789-1798

In this work, two field campaigns were performed in July 2008 (wet season) and March 2009 (dry season) to produce original data on the concentration, partition and distribution of mercury and butyltin compounds along the tropical Bach Dang Estuary located in North Vietnam (Haiphong, Red River Delta). The results demonstrate that mercury and butyltin speciation in the surface waters of this type of tropical estuary is greatly affected by the drastic changes in the seasonal conditions. During high river discharge in the wet season, there was a large estuarine input of total Hg and tributyltin, while the longer residence time of the waters during the dry season promotes increasing MMHg formation and TBT degradation. Although most of the Hg and TBT is transported into the estuary from upstream sources, tidal cycle measurements demonstrate that this estuary is a significant source of TBT and MMHg during the wet (～3kgTBT/day) and dry (～3gMMHg/day) seasons.  相似文献   

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宋传峰  党亚民  秘金钟  薛树强 《大地测量与地球动力学》2014,34(3):108-110

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