Structural features of South-Adamawa (Cameroon) inferred from magnetic anomalies: Hydrogeological implications     

Constant Tatchum Noutchogwe  Fidèle Koumetio  Eliezer Manguelle-Dicoum 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2010,342(6):467-474

Structural directions of the southern part of the Adamawa plateau in Cameroon are highlighted by filters applied on the magnetic anomaly map. Determination of the magnitude maxima of (1) the horizontal gradient of the field reduced to the pole, and (2) the analytic signal, allowed a map to be produced showing various lineaments interpreted as the fault system of the studied area. In particular, the faults on the shaded relief map of the horizontal gradient magnitude suggest a slide to the left of the Foumban shear zone in the studied area. Interpretation of the observed anomaly along a profile directed SSE-NNW shows the presence of a magnetized body considered as an intrusion into the granitic basement of probably basaltic volcanic rocks, put in place during the reactivation of the Foumban shear zone. In addition, the observed correlation between the mapped structural directions, the sites of thermo-mineral springs and the hydrographical network shows that the results of this study will be helpful for further hydrogeological research in the studied area.  相似文献   

Plasma Jet Experiments Using LULI 2000 Laser Facility     

B. Loupias  E. Falize  M. Koenig  S. Bouquet  N. Ozaki  A. Benuzzi-Mounaix  C. Michaut  M. Rabec le Goahec  W. Nazarov  C. Courtois  Y. Aglitskiy  A. YA. Faenov  T. Pikuz 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2007,307(1-3):103-107

We present experiments performed with the LULI2000 nanosecond laser facility. We generated plasma jets by using specific designed target. The main measured quantities related to the jet such as its propagation velocity, temperature and emissive radius evolution are presented. We also performed analytical work, which explains the jet evolution in some cases.  相似文献   

阿尔金断裂晚新生代左旋走滑位错的地质新证据   总被引：20，自引：5，他引：20  

张岳桥  陈正乐  杨农 《现代地质》2001,15(1):8-12

通过对沿阿尔金断裂中段 (位于东经 88°至 92°)发育的晚第三纪走滑盆地沉积历史和走滑变形过程的野外观测以及对第四纪索尔库里盆地形成和演化过程的沉积环境复原的分析 ,提出了阿尔金断裂中段晚新生代左旋走滑位错的地质新证据。研究表明 ,晚第三纪走滑盆地经历了中新世晚期至上新世早期斜张走滑拉分和上新世晚期以来左旋错动的演化过程 ,沉积体沿断裂的错位分布特征指示至少发生了 80 km的左旋走滑位错。发育于阿尔金山链内部的索尔库里盆地起源于晚第三纪早期强烈的侵蚀作用 ,成为柴达木盆地快速沉积的主要物源区。该侵蚀盆地于中晚更新世闭合并演化成一个独立的沉积盆地。通过侵蚀盆地外流通道的复原指示阿尔金断裂自晚第三纪以来累积了 80～ 1 0 0 km的左旋位错。在此基础上 ,结合穿越断裂构造的 级区域水系形成的洪积裙宽度和主干河道沿断裂迹线的拐折长度 ,探讨了阿尔金断裂晚新生代左旋走滑位错量沿走向分布的特征 ,估算了左旋走滑速率  相似文献   

Palaeomagnetic dating of widespread remagnetization on the southeastern border of the French Massif Central and implications for fluid flow and Mississippi Valley-type mineralization     

Bernard Henry  Henri Rouvier  Maxime le Goff  David Leach  Jean-Claude Macquar  Jacques Thibieroz  Michael T. Lewchuk 《Geophysical Journal International》2001,145(2):368-380

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RARE EARTH ELEMENT CONCENTRATIONS IN USGS AND CCRMP IGNEOUS ROCK STANDARDS DETERMINED BY HIGH PERFORMANCE ION CHROMATOGRAPHY     

Ronald T. WATKINS  Anton P. le  ROEX 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》1993,17(1):105-111

Eleven rare earth elements (REE) have been determined in ten USGS and two CCRMP igneous rock standards using high performance ion chromatography. Duplicate analyses of two or more separately prepared aliquots of each sample were undertaken; reproducibility was better than 5% for each of the REE. In most cases, the results compare closely with published REE values for those samples for which the REE are well characterised. Where the results for individual elements are in disagreement with published data, the more erratic patterns yielded by the earlier data when plotted on chondrite-normalised REE diagrams suggest that values determined in this study are of greater accuracy.  相似文献   

Geochemistry of Karroo dolerite sills in the Calvinia district,Western Cape Province,South Africa     

Anton P. le Roex  David L. Reid 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》1978,66(4):351-360

Two Karroo dolerite sills display chemical and mineralogical variation compatible with cumulus enrichment. The Blaauwkrans sill is an olivine tholeiite and contains a central zone slightly enriched in olivine, plagioclase and clinopyroxene. The thicker Hangnest sill is a quartz tholeiite and shows evidence of crystal settling and has a lower zone enriched in cumulus orthopyroxene and plagioclase.The two sills differ quite markedly in their trace element compositions, with the Hangnest magma enriched by a factor of two in LIL elements (Rb, Ba, Nb, Zr, Y) relative to the Blaauwkrans magma. The Hangnest magma contained extremely low Ni contents (3–5 ppm), whereas the Blaauwkrans magma contained higher but more normal Ni (100–110ppm). Such contrasting trace element compositions preclude any simple genetic relationship between the two Karroo magmas but they may be related either through a common parent or are derivatives from separate parental magmas.South African Contribution No. 24 to the International Geodynamics Project  相似文献   

Infiltration von Flusswasser in Dünengebieten     

Prof. Dr. J. K. Von Baars  Frau Dr. Ivonne J. le Cosquino de Bussy 《Aquatic Sciences - Research Across Boundaries》1960,22(1):380-395

Ohne Zusammenfassung  相似文献   

Spinel lherzolite xenoliths from the Premier kimberlite (Kaapvaal craton, South Africa): Nature and evolution of the shallow upper mantle beneath the Bushveld complex   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

M. Grgoire  C. Tinguely  D.R. Bell  A.P. le Roex 《Lithos》2005,84(3-4):185-205

Coarse-grained, granular spinel lherzolites xenoliths from the Premier kimberlite show evidence of melt extraction and metasomatic enrichment, documenting a complex history for the shallow mantle beneath the Bushveld complex. Compositions of orthopyroxene, clinopyroxene and spinel indicate equilibration within the spinel–peridotite facies of the upper mantle, at depths from 80 to 100 km and temperatures from 720 to 850 °C. Bulk compositions have lower Mg-number [atomic 100 Mg/(Mg + Fe*)] than previously studied spinel peridotites from Premier, and have higher Mg/Si than low-temperature coarse grained garnet lherzolites, suggesting shallower melting conditions or metasomatic enrichment. Clinopyroxene in one sample is highly LREE-depleted indicating very minor modification of a residue of 20% melt extraction, whereas the calculated REE pattern for a melt in equilibrium with a mildly LREE-depleted sample is similar to MORB or late Archean basalt, possibly related to the Bushveld Complex. Bulk and mineral compositions suggest minimal refertilization by silicate melts in four out of six samples, but REE patterns indicate introduction of a LIL-enriched component that may be related to kimberlite.  相似文献   

Spécificités hydrogéologiques des hautes vallées alpines: Exemple de la Haute-Sarine (Suisse)     

Julien Vaudan  Aurèle Parriaux  Laurent Tacher  Gianni della Valle 《Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae》2005,98(3):371-383

The alpine valley of the Haute-Sarine is on several accounts representative of the alluvial aquifers of mountain by its very environment and its hydrogeologic characteristics. The investigations and the analysis carried out within the framework of this study enabled us to improve knowledge on the Quaternary filling of the valley and to highlight the preferential supplies of the aquifer by infiltration of the river and precipitations and also by the underground contributions of evaporitic karsts. We also could note the opulence of groundwater resources of the Haute-Sarine both from the qualitative and the quantitative points of view. The knowledge of these typical characteristics of alluvial aquifers of high altitude allowed finally the development of a concept of management and protection of groundwater resources that falls under a sustainable development policy of the groundwater storage in the alpine areas. Manuscrit re?u le 4 février 2003 Révision acceptée le 30 mars 2005  相似文献   

Petrogenesis of picrite and associated basalts from the southern Mid-Atlantic Ridge     

Leon A. van Heerden  Anton P. le Roex 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》1988,100(1):47-60

Basalts dredged from the south wall of a fracture zone transecting the southern Mid-Atlantic Ridge (SMAR) at 54° S are unusual in that they include a suite of highly olivine phyric basalts, sampled along with more normal sparsely plagioclase phyric basalts, and a highly plagioclase phyric basalt. Four basalt types (olivine phyric, sparsely plagioclase phyric, evolved sparsely plagioclase phyric and highly plagioclase phyric) are readily distinguished on the basis of petrography, mineralogy and bulk composition. They range from primitive to evolved, with the olivine phyric basalts having elevated MgO (up to 15.5%) and the plagioclase phyric basalt having elevated Al₂O₃ (19.3%) and CaO (13.1%) contents. Compositional variations are extremely consistant, with the olivine phyric basalts and the sparsely plagioclase phyric basalts defining coherent linear trends. On the basis of the ratios and covariation of the incompatible trace elements Zr, Nb, Y and Ba, distinct parental magmas for each basalt type are required. An investigation of Fe-Mg and Mg-Ni distribution coefficients between olivine and magma indicates that olivines from the olivine phyric basalts are on average too forsteritic and too Ni poor to have crystallized in a magma corresponding to the host bulk rock composition. This implies that these basalts are enriched in xenocrystic olivine. Olivines from the other basalt types are mostly of equilibrium composition, although there are some exceptions. Petrogenetic models for the formation of the different basalt types are quantitatively evaluated in terms of fractional crystallization/crystal accumulation processes. These indicate that (1) the olivine phyric basalts are the products of olivine and minor Cr-spinel accumulation and do not represent analogues of primary magma, or a liquid fractionation trend; (2) that the sparsely plagioclase phyric basalts were formed by polybaric fractional crystallization of olivine, plagioclase and clinopyroxene; and (3) that the evolved sparsely plagioclase phyric basalts are not readily related to one another. The single highly plagioclase phyric basalt is unrelated to the other basalt types and is cumulus enriched in plagioclase.The different basalt types are unrelated to one another and document the presence of at least four distinct magma types erupted in close proximity at this ridge/transform intersection on the southern end of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge.  相似文献