Is There Any Teleconnection Between Surface Hydrology in Poland and El Niño/Southern Oscillation?     

Tomasz Niedzielski 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》2011,168(5):871-886

The objective of the work discussed in this paper was to seek possible links between surface hydrology in Southwestern (SW) Poland and El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Although the impact of ENSO on hydrology in Europe has been investigated by many researchers, no clear picture demonstrating spatial variability of such a teleconnection has yet been unequivocally reported. In particular, there is no comprehensive study on ENSO–streamflow links for Polish rivers. Herein, discharge time series from 15 sites located at lowland and mountain rivers in SW Poland and different ENSO indices are examined. They include atmospheric time series (axial component of atmospheric angular momentum, Southern Oscillation Index), oceanic indices (Niño 3.4 Index, Global SST Index), geodetic data (length-of-day), and the combined index (Multivariate ENSO Index). The data span the period from November 1971 to October 2006. On the basis of cross-correlation and wavelet analyses it was found that there is a weak but significant link between ENSO and surface hydrology in SW Poland. It is inferred that ENSO episodes may be among a few factors affecting winter and early spring discharges of rivers in SW Poland and may have a (probably limited) impact on snow-melt flood generation.  相似文献   

Southeast Asian cities as co-producers of ecological knowledge in transnational city networks     

Tomasz Kamiński 《Singapore journal of tropical geography》2023,44(1):58-74

In a polycentric world, cities increasingly bear responsibility for implementing climate policies. To do so, they establish transnational city networks (TCNs), which produce ambitious imaginaries of the future of cities, such as ‘smart cities’ or ‘resilient cities’, based on ecological knowledge. This paper analyses Southeast Asian (SEA) cities’ participation in TCNs. First, this paper presents city networks operating in SEA. Then, drawing on a case study of Quezon City, this paper shows how SEA cities often position themselves in the network as knowledge consumers rather than (co)producers and prefer to learn from cities in the Global North. This research also shows how TCNs—with limited success—seek to counter this neo-colonial knowledge flow model. The paper contributes to the literature on TCNs, arguing that the ongoing North–South imbalance needs to be addressed if networks are to promote viable models of future SEA cities. Identifying the patterns of knowledge flows inside TCNs, this study argues that networks should assist cities in imagining possible city futures beyond the experiences of the select world and global cities. TCNs should pay more attention to supporting their SEA members in looking ‘outwards’ to comparable cities worldwide rather than merely ‘upwards’ to global and mega-cities.  相似文献   

Lattice deformation of blue halite from Zechstein evaporite basin: Kłodawa Salt Mine,Central Poland     

Sylwia M. Zelek  Katarzyna M. Stadnicka  Tomasz Toboła  Lucyna Natkaniec-Nowak 《Mineralogy and Petrology》2014,108(5):619-631

Outcrops of natural blue and purple halite crystals have been found in K?odawa (Poland) salt deposit originating from the Permian (Zechstein) salt formation within tectonic zones. Field works carried out on various levels of K?odawa Salt Mine indicated differences both in intensity of the hue and in the size of the outcrops. Their occurrence was connected with the presence of epigenetic sediments rich in potassium. For the samples of blue halite, an optical anisotropy (birefringence) was observed for both standard mineralogical thin sections and thick plates, indicating a deviation from cubic symmetry. The blue colouration of the halites, described by ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, is due to the presence of colour centres. The colour centres have been recently identified as: F, R₁ (F₃), R₂ (F₃), M and plasmons (Wese?ucha-Birczyńska et al., Vib Spectrosc 60:124–128, 2012). The trace amount of impurities detected in the blue halites by means of scanning electron microscopy–energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and micro-X-ray fluorescence techniques were connected mainly with solid inclusions such as K _x Na_(1???x)Cl, KMgCl₃·6H₂O, KCl, orthorhombic sulphur, quartz and some other phases like pyrite. Crystallographic data obtained by X-ray diffraction experiments for the single crystals of the halite from K?odawa with different saturation of blue or purple colours, as well as for natural colourless halite, revealed lowering of space-group symmetry to monoclinic, orthorhombic, trigonal, tetragonal or even triclinic systems while the space group typical for pure NaCl is Fm-3m.  相似文献   

Environmental Geomechanics,B.A. Schrefler,Springer, Berlin     

Tomasz Hueckel 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2002,26(10):1029-1029

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Thermomechanical effects on adsorbed water in clays around a heat source     

Chenmin Ma  Tomasz Hueckel 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》1993,17(3):175-196

Numerical results of the simulations of the saturated clay response to a line heat source with a constant power output are presented and compared to the analytical solutions. Mixture theory of two interacting thermoelastic constituents is employed for the modelling. In this theory, mass transfer between the adsorbed water and bulk water is included to simulate the degeneration of adsorbed water into bulk water occurring at elevated temperatures. A finite difference method with non-uniform mesh is adopted to determine both the near- and far-field behaviour. The degeneration of adsorbed water into bulk water is more pronounced close to the heat source. This may produce a lower excess pore water pressure, a higher permeability increase, and accelerate the water flow in the vicinity of the heat source.  相似文献   

A minimum sample size required from Schmidt hammer measurements     

Tomasz Niedzielski  Piotr Migoń  Agnieszka Placek 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2009,34(13):1713-1725

The Schmidt hammer is a useful tool applied by geomorphologists to measure rock strength in field conditions. The essence of field application is to obtain a sufficiently large dataset of individual rebound values, which yields a meaningful numerical value of mean strength. Although there is general agreement that a certain minimum sample size is required to proceed with the statistics, the choice of size (i.e. number of individual impacts) was usually intuitive and arbitrary. In this paper we show a simple statistical method, based on the two‐sample Student's t‐test, to objectively estimate the minimum number of rebound measurements. We present the results as (1) the ‘mean’ and ‘median’ solutions, each providing a single estimate value, and (2) the empirical probability distribution of such estimates based on many field samples. Schmidt hammer data for 14 lithologies, 13–81 samples for each, with each sample consisting of 40 individual readings, have been evaluated, assuming different significance levels. The principal recommendations are: (1) the recommended minimum sample size for weak and moderately strong rock is 25; (2) a sample size of 15 is sufficient for sandstones and shales; (3) strong and coarse rocks require 30 readings at a site; (4) the minimum sample size may be reduced by one‐third if the context of research allows for higher significance level for test statistics. Interpretations based on less than 10 readings from a site should definitely be avoided. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Tectonic model of Egypt based on magnetic analysis   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Taha Rabeh  Tomasz Ernst 《Acta Geophysica》2009,57(3):680-695

The main target of this work was to study the dynamics of the Earth’s crust for Egypt based on the magnetic survey. High-resolution land magnetic data were analyzed, combined with the results of GPS and seismic stress analyses. The constructed tectonic map shows that the N35°-N45°W trend of the structure (related to the Red Sea and Gulf of Suez tectonics) predominates along the Gulf of Suez, Red Sea, covering wide parts of the study area. The N45°-N65°E tectonic trend (related to the Syrian Arc tectonics), prevailing in the northern part of Egypt, is of the second rank. The Aqaba (N15°-25°E) and E-W trends prevail in the northern part and along the transition zone of stable/unstable shelves. The depth to the basement rocks ranges from the surface along the Red Sea and southern parts of Egypt to more than 4 km below sea level at the northern part of the study area.  相似文献   

Differences in paleomagnetic interpretations due to the choice of statistical, demagnetization and correction techniques: Kapuskasing Structural Zone, northern Ontario, Canada     

Graham J. Borradaile  Tomasz Werner  France Lagroix   《Tectonophysics》2003,363(1-2):103-125

The Kapuskasing Structural Zone (KSZ) reveals a section through the Archean lower crustal granoblastic gneisses. Our new paleomagnetic data largely agree with previous work but we show that interpretations vary according to the choices of statistical, demagnetization and field-correction techniques. First, where the orientation distribution of characteristic remanence directions on the sphere is not symmetrically circular, the commonly used statistical model is invalid [Fisher, R.A., Proc. R. Soc. A217 (1953) 295]. Any tendency to form an elliptical distribution indicates that the sample is drawn from a Bingham-type population [Bingham, C., 1964. Distributions on the sphere and on the projective plane. PhD thesis, Yale University]. Fisher and Bingham statistics produce different confidence estimates from the same data and the traditionally defined mean vector may differ from the maximum eigenvector of an orthorhombic Bingham distribution. It seems prudent to apply both models wherever a non-Fisher population is suspected and that may be appropriate in any tectonized rocks. Non-Fisher populations require larger sample sizes so that focussing on individual sites may not be the most effective policy in tectonized rocks. More dispersed sampling across tectonic structures may be more productive. Second, from the same specimens, mean vectors isolated by thermal and alternating field (AF) demagnetization differ. Which treatment gives more meaningful results is difficult to decipher, especially in metamorphic rocks where the history of the magnetic minerals is not easily related to the ages of tectonic and petrological events. In this study, thermal demagnetization gave lower inclinations for paleomagnetic vectors and thus more distant paleopoles. Third, of more parochial significance, tilt corrections may be unnecessary in the KSZ because magnetic fabrics and thrust ramp are constant in orientation to the depth at which they level off, at approximately 15-km depth. With Archean geothermal gradients, primary remanences were blocked after the foliation was tilted to rise on the thrust ramp. Therefore, the rocks were probably magnetized in their present orientation; tilting largely or entirely predates magnetization.  相似文献   

Stable Isotope Analysis of MTBE to Evaluate the Source of TBA in Ground Water   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

John T. Wilson  Ravi Kolhatkar  Tomasz Kuder  Paul Philp  Seth J. Daugherty 《Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation》2005,25(4):108-116

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Variability of UTCI index in South Warsaw depending on atmospheric circulation     

Rozbicka  Katarzyna  Rozbicki  Tomasz 《Theoretical and Applied Climatology》2018,133(1-2):511-520

Theoretical and Applied Climatology - The aim of the study is the assessment and analysis of the variability of human-bioclimatic conditions in southern part of Warsaw, depending on the atmospheric...  相似文献