In memoriam Vyacheslav Ivanovich Kovalenko     

I. A. Andreeva  V. S. Antipin  O. A. Bogatikov  M. V. Borisov  N. S. Bortnikov  N. V. Vladykin  V. L. Vinograd  A. V. Girnis  V. A. Glebovitskii  L. V. Danyushevsky  N. L. Dobretsov  V. S. Kamenetsky  L. T. Kogarenko  A. M. Kozlovskyi  S. P. Korikovsky  A. B. Kotov  M. G. Kopylova  M. I. Kuz’min  N. N. Laverov  F. A. Letnikov  B. A. Litvinovsky  A. A. Marakushev  M. A. Nazarov  V. B. Naumov  A. V. Nikiforov  I. S. Puchtel  Yu. M. Pushcharovsky  S. V. Ruzhentsev  I. D. Ryabchikov  V. S. Samoilov  A. V. Samsonov  A. G. Simakin  A. V. Sobolev  A. I. Khanchuk  N. P. Yushkin  V. V. Yarmolyuk 《Petrology》2011,19(4):325-326

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Finite-difference algorithm with local time-space grid refinement for simulation of waves     

Vadim Lisitsa  Galina Reshetova  Vladimir Tcheverda 《Computational Geosciences》2012,16(1):39-54

This paper presents a new approach to a local time-space grid refinement for a staggered-grid finite-difference simulation of waves. The approach is based on approximation of a wave equation at the interface where two grids are coupled. As no interpolation or projection techniques are used, the finite-difference scheme preserves second order of convergence. We have proved that this approach is low-reflecting, the artificial reflections are about 10^− 4 of an incident wave. We have also shown that if a successive refinement is applied, i.e. temporal and spatial steps are refined at different interfaces, this approach is stable.  相似文献   

On the interface error analysis for finite difference wave simulation   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Vadim Lisitsa  Olga Podgornova  Vladimir Tcheverda 《Computational Geosciences》2010,14(4):769-778

A common way to construct a finite difference scheme is to satisfy a desired order of approximation, typically as high as possible. For linear wave propagation problem approximation together with stability delivers convergence of the same order as approximation. If a wave propagation proses is considered convergence to a plane wave solution can be derived analytically by means of the dispersion analysis. However, mentioned techniques are applicable only to homogeneous media and provide no knowledge of reflection/transmission coefficients. In this paper we prove that the only way to get second order accuracy of the solution for media with discontinuous parameters is to use a conservative finite difference scheme of the second order, and the only way to do this is to use the arithmetic mean for the density and the harmonic mean for the bulk modulus in the vicinity of the interface.  相似文献   

Derivation of elemental abundance maps at intermediate resolution from optical interpolation of lunar prospector gamma-ray spectrometer data     

Yuriy G. Shkuratov  Vadim G. Kaydash  Larissa V. Starukhina  Serge D. Chevrel 《Planetary and Space Science》2005,53(12):1287-1301

We propose a technique that interpolates available lunar prospector gamma-ray spectrometer (GRS) data using Clementine UVVIS spectral reflectance images. The main idea is to use low resolution GRS data as a “ground truth” to establish relationships linking optical data and geochemical information maximizing the respective correlation coefficients. Then the relationships and Clementine UVVIS data are used to derive elemental abundance maps with significantly improved spatial resolution. The main limitation of the technique is its dependence on how well the abundance of the elements correlates with the Clementine UVVIS data. The technique can also be applied to analysis of coming D-CIXS/Smart-1 and AMIE/Smart-1 data to increase resolution of lunar compositional maps. As an illustration of the suggested technique, maps for the elements Fe, Ti, O, Al, Ca, and Mg with pixel size 15 km×15 km are presented. The Fe and Ti distributions resemble qualitatively to the maps obtained with the well-known technique by lucey et al. (2000a. Lunar iron and titanium abundance algorithms based on final processing of Clementine ultraviolet-visible images. J. Geophys. Res. 105, 20,297-20,306), though in our case the ranges of Fe and Ti variations are, respectively, wider and narrower than for lucey's maps. New maps for the elements Fe, Ti, O, Al, Ca, and Mg appear to be informative. For instance, the map of oxygen abundance demonstrates an anomaly in the crater Tycho. The maps of Fe and Al contents show for highland regions slight variations related to maturity degree. Reliability of this relation is confirmed with lunar sample data. The reason of the correlation between chemical composition and exposition age of the lunar surface can be the global transport of the lunar surface material due to meteorite impacts.  相似文献   

Geochemical evolution of Indian Ocean basaltic magmatism     

N. M. Sushchevskaya  V. S. Kamenetsky  B. V. Belyatsky  A. V. Artamonov 《Geochemistry International》2013,51(8):599-622

A comparison of new and published geochemical characteristics of magmatism in the western and eastern Indian Ocean at the initial and recent stages of its evolution revealed several important differences between the mantle sources of basaltic melts from this ocean.

1. The sources of basalts, from ancient rises and from flanks of the modern Central Indian Ridge within the western Indian Ocean contain an enriched component similar in composition to the source of the Réunion basalts (with radiogenic Pb and Sr and unradiogenic Nd), except for basalts from the Comores Islands, which exhibit a contribution from an enriched HIMU-like component.
2. The modern rift lavas of spreading ridges display generally similar geochemical compositions. Several local isotopic anomalies are characterized by the presence of an EM2-like component. However, two anomalous areas with distinctly different enriched mantle sources were recognized in the westernmost part of the Southwestern Indian Ridge (SWIR). The enriched mantle source of the western SWIR tholeiites in the vicinity of the Bouvet Triple Junction has the isotopic ratios indicating a mixture of HIMU + EM2 in the source. The rift anomaly distinguished at 40° E displays the EM1 signature in the mantle source, which is characterized by relatively low ²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb (up to 17.0) and high ²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁴Pb, ²⁰⁸Pb/²⁰⁴Pb and ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr. This source may be due to mixing with material from the continental lithosphere of the ancient continent Gondwana. The material from this source can be distinguished in magmas related to the Mesozoic plume activity in Antarctica, as well as in basalts from the eastern Indian Ocean rises, which were formed by the Kerguelen plume at 100–90 Ma.
3. The geochemical heterogeneities identified in the ancient and present-day magmatic products from the western and eastern Indian Ocean are thought to reflect the geodynamic evolution of the region. In the eastern part of the ocean, the interaction of the evolving Kerguelen plume with the rift zones produced magmas with specific geochemical characteristics during the early opening of the ocean; such a dispersion of magma composition was not recognized in the western part of the ocean.

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Khatyrka,a new CV3 find from the Koryak Mountains,Eastern Russia     

Glenn J. MacPherson  Christopher L. Andronicos  Luca Bindi  Vadim V. Distler  Michael P. Eddy  John M. Eiler  Yunbin Guan  Lincoln S. Hollister  Alexander Kostin  Valery Kryachko  William M. Steinhardt  Marina Yudovskaya  Paul J. Steinhardt 《Meteoritics & planetary science》2013,48(8):1499-1514

A new meteorite find, named Khatyrka, was recovered from eastern Siberia as a result of a search for naturally occurring quasicrystals. The meteorite occurs as clastic grains within postglacial clay‐rich layers along the banks of a small stream in the Koryak Mountains, Chukotka Autonomous Okrug of far eastern Russia. Some of the grains are clearly chondritic and contain Type IA porphyritic olivine chondrules enclosed in matrices that have the characteristic platy olivine texture, matrix olivine composition, and mineralogy (olivine, pentlandite, nickel‐rich iron‐nickel metal, nepheline, and calcic pyroxene [diopside‐hedenbergite solid solution]) of oxidized‐subgroup CV3 chondrites. A few grains are fine‐grained spinel‐rich calcium‐aluminum‐rich inclusions with mineral oxygen isotopic compositions again typical of such objects in CV3 chondrites. The chondritic and CAI grains contain small fragments of metallic copper‐aluminum‐iron alloys that include the quasicrystalline phase icosahedrite. One grain is an achondritic intergrowth of Cu‐Al metal alloys and forsteritic olivine ± diopsidic pyroxene, both of which have meteoritic (CV3‐like) oxygen isotopic compositions. Finally, some grains consist almost entirely of metallic alloys of aluminum + copper ± iron. The Cu‐Al‐Fe metal alloys and the alloy‐bearing achondrite clast are interpreted to be an accretionary component of what otherwise is a fairly normal CV3 (oxidized) chondrite. This association of CV3 chondritic grains with metallic copper‐aluminum alloys makes Khatyrka a unique meteorite, perhaps best described as a complex CV3 (ox) breccia.  相似文献   

Seasonal variations in methane concentrations and diffusive fluxes in the Curonian and Vistula lagoons,Baltic Sea     

Marina Ulyanova  Vadim Sivkov  Timur Kanapatskij  Nikolay Pimenov 《Geo-Marine Letters》2014,34(2-3):231-240

Expected seasonal variations in methane concentrations and diffusive fluxes from surficial sediments into near-bottom waters were investigated in autumn 2012 and winter 2013 in the Curonian and Vistula lagoons of the Baltic Sea, expanding on earlier findings for summer 2011. Methane concentrations in bottom sediments (upper ca. 2 cm) generally ranged from ca. 1 to 1,000 μmol/dm³, and in near-bottom waters from ca. 0 to 1 μmol/l. Highest concentrations were found in the Curonian Lagoon, plausibly explained by the influence of freshwater conditions and finer-grained, organic-rich sediments. Vistula Lagoon methane concentrations and fluxes are dampened by periodic saline water inflow from the open sea, intensifying sulphate reduction. Calculated diffusive methane fluxes from the upper sediment layer (usually 0–5 cm, i.e. excluding any fluffy layer) into near-bottom waters were highest—2.48 mmol/(m² day)—in clayey silts of the Curonian Lagoon in autumn (September) 2012, contrasting strongly with the minimum value of 0.002 mmol/(m² day) observed there in February 2013 under ice-covered conditions. Seasonal and even weekly variations in methane dynamics can be largely explained by two main drivers, i.e. wind and temperature, operating at various spatiotemporal scales via, for example, wind wave-induced resuspension of bottom sediments, and involving regional weather patterns including autumnal low-pressure zones over the Gulf of Gdansk.  相似文献   

Magnetorotational and Tayler Instabilities in the Pulsar Magnetosphere     

Vadim Urpin 《Journal of Astrophysics and Astronomy》2017,38(3):41

The magnetospheres around neutron stars should be very particular because of their strong magnetic field and rapid rotation. A study of the pulsar magnetospheres is of crucial importance since it is the key issue to understand how energy outflow to the exterior is produced. In this paper, we discuss magnetohydrodynamic processes in the pulsar magnetosphere. We consider in detail the properties of magnetohydrodynamic waves that can exist in the magnetosphere and their instabilities. These instabilities lead to formation of magnetic structures and can be responsible for short-term variability of the pulsar emission.  相似文献   

Observations of internal undular bores on the Japan/East Sea shelf-coastal region     

Vadim Vasilevich Novotryasov  Dmitry Vadimovich Stepanov  Igor Olegovich Yaroshchuk 《Ocean Dynamics》2016,66(1):19-25

Observations are presented of internal undular bores (IUBs) on the Japan/East Sea coast. We found three types of IUB amplitude modulation functions. The first type (IUB₁) has a leading edge, which is formed by the soliton with maximal amplitude. The second type (IUB₂) has a soliton with maximal amplitude (SMA) located between the leading and trailing edges. The third type (IUB₃) consists of 2–3 solitons, which have identical amplitudes. The evolution of the IUB₂ from the moment of generation to the moment of maximal development was analyzed. The speed of the IUB₂ approached to the phase speed of linear internal waves with a period of 12.4 h. The amplitude modulation function of the IUB₂ is believed to be unique in ocean observations. Observations are discussed in the context of recently raised hypotheses concerning the evolution of IUBs in the coastal environment.  相似文献   

S 235 B explained: an accreting Herbig Be star surrounded by reflection nebulosity     

Paul A. Boley  rey M. Sobolev  Vadim V. Krushinsky  Roy van Boekel  Thomas Henning  Aleksei V. Moiseev  Maksim V. Yushkin 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2009,399(2):778-782

The intent of this study is to determine the nature of the star and associated nebulosity S 235 B, which are located in a region of active star formation still heavily obscured by the parent molecular cloud. Low-resolution  ( R = 400)  long-slit spectra of the star and nebulosity, and medium-  ( R = 1800)  and high-resolution  ( R = 60 000)  spectra of the central star are presented along with the results of Fabry–Perot interferometric imaging of the entire region. Based on the long-slit and Fabry–Perot observations, the nebulosity appears to be entirely reflective in nature, with the stellar component S 235 B★ providing most of the illuminating flux. The stellar source itself is classified here as a B1V star, with emission-line profiles indicative of an accretion disc. S 235 B★ thus belongs to the relatively rare class of early-type Hebrig Be stars. Based on the intensity of the reflected component, it is concluded that the accretion disc must be viewed nearly edge-on. Estimates of the accretion rate of S 235 B★ from the width of the Hα profile at 10 per cent of maximum intensity, a method which has been used lately for T Tauri stars and Brown Dwarfs, appear to be inconsistent with the mass outflow rate and accretion rate implied from previous infrared observations by Felli et al., suggesting this empirical law does not extend to higher masses.  相似文献