Are many pulsars processed in binary systems?     

A. A. Deshpande  R. Ramachandran  G. Srinivasan 《Journal of Astrophysics and Astronomy》1995,16(1):53-67

A detailed statistical analysis of pulsarcurrent is presented. The conclusions reached are the following: (1) The birthrate of pulsars is about one in 75 ± 15 years. (2) There is evidence forinjection of pulsars into the population of solitary pulsars. Such an injection is particularly pronounced in the magnetic field range 12 < logB < 12.6. (3) This is interpreted as due torecycled pulsars being released into the population. (4) We tentatively conclude that as much as 10 – 15% of all pulsars may have been born and processed in binary systems.  相似文献   

Probable maximum precipitation for a 2-day duration over the Indian Peninsula     

P. R. Rakhecha  N. R. Deshpande  M. K. Soman 《Theoretical and Applied Climatology》1992,45(4):277-283

Summary For the purpose of providing information to hydrologists for designing costly and large hydraulic structures, estimates of probable maximum precipitation (PMP) for a 2-day duration for stations in the Indian Peninsula lying between 8° N to 20° N were calculated using the Hershfield statistical techniqe. Maximum annual 2-day rainfall data of 80 years from 1901 for 131 stations in the region were used. In order to obtain values of PMP, an enveloping frequency factor (k _m ) curve based on the actual rainfall data of stations in the region was developed. The enveloping curve was then utilised to estimate 2-day PMP values of all the 131 stations. Based on these PMP estimates, a generalised chart showing the spatial distribution of 2-day PMP was prepared. It was found that 2-day PMP estimates over the Indian peninsula varied from 40 to 95 cm and the average ratio of 2-day PMP to the highest observed 2-day rainfall was found to be 1.76.With 2 Figures  相似文献   

On the effect of the partial solar eclipse of 29 April 1976 on electron content     

G Sethia  H Chandra  M R Deshpande 《Journal of Earth System Science》1980,89(2):153-157

Faraday rotation measurements made at a chain of stations and group delay measurements made at Ootacamund from ATS-6 are examined for the partial solar eclipse event of 29 April 1976. There is no evidence of eclipse-induced gravity waves in these measurements extending from Ootacamund near dip equator to Patiala (dip 45° N). Eclipse-induced fluctuations were however reported at Trivandrum, about 300 km south of Ootacamund.  相似文献   

Weathering impact on the colour of building stones of the ‘Gateway of India’ monument     

L. B. Tiwari  C. J. Jahagirdar  V. D. Deshpande  R. Srinivasan  G. Parthasarathy 《Environmental Geology》2005,48(6):788-794

To understand the effect of monsoon and marine environment on the colour of building stones of the ‘Gateway of India’ monument, 133 samples from different areas were assessed. Colour changes were evaluated using Microflash 200d colour spectrophotometer over a period of 1 year. The alteration in the stones effecting the colour change was studied by petrographic thin section, which shows that the colour change is associated with weathering of the feldspars.  相似文献   

Design storm studies for the Upper Krishna river catchment upstream of the Almatti dam site     

P. R. Rakhecha  N. R. Deshpande  A. K. Kulkarni  B. N. Mandal  R. B. Sangam 《Theoretical and Applied Climatology》1995,52(3-4):219-229

Summary The Almatti dam is the major engineering feature in the development of water resources in the Upper Krishna river forming a storage reservoir of 6425 million m³ at spillway crest level. In this paper, the design storm rainfalls for different return periods and also the Probable Maximum Precipitation (PMP) for the catchment above Almatti dam have been estimated to review the adequacy of the flood spillway design for the dam. The design storm rainfalls of various return periods have been computed from a statistical analysis of point and areal time series of annual maximum rainfall. In evaluating the PMP, the maximum observed rainfall obtained by Depth Duration method were maximized as the orography of the Western Ghats plays profound influence over the catchment. It was found that (area 35925 km²) the highest areal rainfalls over the catchment were 14.0 cm, 21.5 cm and 24.6 cm in 1, 2 and 3-day durations, respectively. These are scaled up by a factor of 1.23 to obtain the PMP rainfalls. The areal PMP estimates for the upper Krishna River (UKR) catchment above Almatti dam have been found to be 18.0 cm, 27.0 cm and 31.0 cm, respectively.With 6 Figures  相似文献   

Accumulation of Metals in Naturally Grown Weeds (Aquatic Macrophytes) Grown on an Industrial Effluent Channel     

Ranjeev. K. Sahu  Ram Naraian  Vishal Chandra 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2007,35(3):261-265

The ability of seven hyperaccumulator macrophytes which grow naturally in the heavy metal contaminated channels of three different industries (Hindustan Aeronautical Ltd., Eveready Ltd., and Scooter India Ltd.) to accumulate heavy metals was recorded. All these industries use electroplating processes in their manufacturing and are located in the inner area of Lucknow City, U.P., India. Of the three industries monitored, effluent released from Eveready Ltd. contained the highest concentration of heavy metals. In general, accumulations of heavy metals depend upon the plant species and the metal concentration in the media. All plant samples showed heterogeneous metal accumulations, except for Fe or Cd. It was observed that some plant species accumulated high level of metals, e. g., Eichhornnia crassipes for Fe (4052.44 μg/g), Mn (788.42 μg/g), and Cu (315.50 μg/g), and Spirodela polyrhiza for Cd (12.75 μg/g), Pb (20.25 μg/g), and Cr (128.27 μg/g), even when the metal concentrations were not high in the effluent. In summary, these two plants were found to be the best accumulators at each contaminated site. The results will be helpful in the selection of plant species which can be used as bioaccumulators or bioindicators.  相似文献   

Flood Inundation Hazard Modelling Using CCHE2D Hydrodynamic Model and Geospatial Data for Embankment Breaching Scenario of Brahmaputra River in Assam     

Sagar S. Salunkhe  S. S. Rao  I. Prabu  V. Raghu Venkataraman  Y. V. N. Krishna Murthy  Chintamani Sadolikar  Supriya Deshpande 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2018,46(6):915-925

In many flood prone river basins, water inundates vast areas of land causing loss of life and heavy damage to the dwellings in flood plains. It also impacts agricultural productivity and cause severe economic losses. One of the reasons for flooding in plains of Brahmaputra valley in north east India is embankment breaching. In this study, an attempt was made for probabilistic flood hazard modelling of July 2008 embankment breaching scenario of Brahmaputra river at Matmara village, Lakhimpur district in Assam, based on various numerical simulations with the help of Center for Computational Hydro science and Engineering hydro-dynamic model. The methodology was applied over 2146 km² flood prone area. Data inputs in the study include: Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer Digital Elevation Model, Pre-flood and Post flood satellite images of Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) and other ancillary data. The simulation was carried out for various discharge levels based on flood frequency analysis. The result of the model includes spatial variations of inundated water depth and water velocity. The results were validated by comparing it with the post-flood ETM+ data and flood situation status report of National Informatics Centre. Flood hazard maps were prepared by carrying out a spatial analysis of simulated inundation depth and velocity. It was seen that the majority of flooded area fell into the very high and high categories. This information can be used to plan appropriate cost effective flood mitigation schemes.  相似文献   

Coastal boulders as evidences of high-energy marine events from Diu Island,west coast of India: storm or palaeotsunami?     

Prizomwala  S. P.  Gandhi  Drasti  Ukey  Vishal M.  Bhatt  Nilesh  Rastogi  B. K. 《Natural Hazards》2015,75(2):1187-1203

Natural Hazards - The coastal segment of Diu Island from west coast of India has been studied for its boulder deposits. The dimensions, morphology and characteristics of these boulders were studied...  相似文献   

Rainfall mechanism over the rain-shadow region of north peninsular India     

Narkhedkar  S. G.  Morwal  S. B.  Padmakumari  B.  Deshpande  C. G.  Kothawale  D. R.  Maheskumar  R. S.  Kulkarni  J. R. 《Climate Dynamics》2015,45(5-6):1493-1512

Climate Dynamics - Rainfall mechanism over the rain-shadow region of north peninsular India during the summer monsoon season has been investigated using dynamic, thermodynamic, cloud microphysics...  相似文献   

Origin of high fluoride in groundwater in the North Gujarat-Cambay region, India   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

S. K. Gupta  R. D. Deshpande  Meetu Agarwal  B. R. Raval 《Hydrogeology Journal》2005,13(4):596-605

This paper reports on the origin of high fluoride in a regional alluvial aquifer system under water stress in the North Gujarat-Cambay (NGC) region in western India. This region is severely affected by endemic fluorosis due to ingestion of groundwater containing excessive fluoride. With an objective to understand factors controlling high fluoride concentration in groundwater of this region, 225 groundwater samples have been analysed for various chemical parameters. Samples were collected from different depth zones tapping shallow dug wells, geothermal springs, hand-pumps and tubewells, including free flowing artesian wells up to 450 m depth from the aquifers in the Quaternary alluvial formation covering most of the study area. No relation was found between fluoride concentration and depth of sampled groundwater. However, certain sub-aquifer zones have been identified within the Cambay Basin where groundwater contains relatively high fluoride concentration. In general, areas of high fluoride overlap areas with high electrical conductivity (EC). On the west flank of the Cambay Basin in the low lying belt linking Little Rann of Kachchh-Nalsarovar-Gulf of Khambhat (LRK-NS-GK), high fluoride and EC in shallow aquifers originate from evaporative enrichment. On the east flank of Cambay Basin, some high fluoride pockets are observed which are probably due to preferential dissolution of high fluoride bearing minerals. On this flank high fluoride is also associated with thermal springs. Within the Cambay Basin, alternating belts of low and high fluoride concentrations are ascribed to groundwater recharge during the past wet and arid climatic phases, respectively. This is based on groundwater radiocarbon age contours of ~20 ka overlapping the high fluoride belt.

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Resumen Este artículo reporta sobre el origen de altas concentraciones de flúor en un sistema regional de acuíferos bajo presión hídrica en la región del norte de Gujarat-Cambay (NGC) del occidente de India. Esta región está afectada severamente por fluorosis endémica debido a la ingestión de agua subterránea que contiene exceso de flúor. Se tomaron 225 muestras de agua subterránea las cuales fueron analizadas por varios parámetros químicos con el objetivo de entender los factores que controlan las elevadas concentraciones de flúor en esta región. Las muestras se colectaron a diferentes profundidades en pozos someros, manantiales geotermales, pozos con bombas de mano, y pozos entubados incluyendo pozos artesianos de flujo libre de hasta 450 m de profundidad emplazados en los acuíferos de la formación aluvial Cuaternaria que cubre la mayor parte del área de estudio. No se encontró ninguna relación entre la concentración de flúor y la profundidad de las muestras de agua subterránea. Sin embargo, se identificaron dentro de la cuenca Cambay algunas zonas sub-acuíferas donde el agua subterránea contiene concentraciones relativamente altas de flúor. En general, las áreas con elevada concentración de flúor están sobrepuestas a áreas de alta conductividad eléctrica (CE). Sobre el flanco occidental de la cuenca Cambay, en la faja baja que une Little Rann con Kachchh-Nalsarovar-Golfo de Khamhat (LRK-NS-GK), las altas concentraciones de flúor y altas CE en acuíferos someros se derivan de enriquecimiento por evaporitas. Sobre el flanco oriental de la cuenca Cambay se observaron algunos cuerpos con alta concentración de flúor los cuales se deben probablemente a la disolución preferencial de minerales con alto contenido de flúor. En este flanco el alto contenido de flúor también se asocia con manantiales termales. Dentro de la cuenca Cambay existen fajas alternantes, con concentraciones altas y bajas de flúor, las cuales se atribuyen a recarga de agua subterránea durante las fases climáticas pasadas, húmedas y áridas, respectivamente. Este planteamiento se basa en contornos de edades de ~20 ka de radiocarbono que están sobrepuestos a la faja alta en flúor.

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Résumé Cet article étudie lorigine des teneurs élevées en Fluorure dans un système aquifère alluvial régional, soumis à un stress hydrique dans le Nord Gujarat–région Cambay (NGC) à lOuest de lInde. Cette région est sévèrement affectée par une fluorose endémique, due à lingestion deau souterraine très riche en fluor. Avec pour objectif de comprendre les paramètres contrôlant les fortes teneurs en fluor, 225 échantillons deau souterraine ont été analysés sur différents paramètres. Les échantillons ont été pris à différentes profondeurs : puits de surface, sources géothermiques, pompes à main, forages artésiens jaillissant dont la profondeur avoisine les 450 m dans les formations alluviales quaternaire recouvrant la plus grande partie de la région étudiée. Il ny a pas de relation entre la profondeur et les teneurs en fluorure. Néanmoins, certaines zones sub-aquifères ont été identifiées dans le Basin de Cambay où leau souterraine présentait des concentrations relativement élevées en fluorure. En général les zones de hautes concentrations en fluorure recouvrent les zones à fortes conductivité électrique (abréviation en anglais: EC). Sur le flanc Ouest du bassin de Cambay dans le mince lit reliant Little Ran de Kachchh-Nalsarovar au golfe de Khambhat (LRK-NS-GK), les fortes teneurs en fluorure et les EC dans la nappe phréatique proviennent de lenrichissement par les évaporites. Sur le flanc Est du bassin, des poches de teneurs élevées en fluorures ont été observées, probablement dues à des dissolutions préférentielles de minéraux fluorés. Sur ce flanc des teneurs sont également associées à la présence de sources géothermales. Dans le bassin de Cambay, les alternances de couches lits à fortes teneurs et de lits à faibles teneurs sont expliquées par la recharge durant les périodes climatiques humides et les périodes climatiques plus sèches. Ceci est corroboré par les datations au radiocarbone (environ 20.000 an) au dessus du lit riche en fluorure.

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