On the use of JMA intensity in earthquake early warning systems     

Vladimir Sokolov  Takashi Furumura  Friedemann Wenzel 《Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering》2010,8(4):767-786

The estimation of strength of shaking at a site from the initial P-wave portion of ground motion is the key problems for shortening the alert time of the earthquake Early Warning (EEW). The most of the techniques proposed for the purpose utilize (a) ground motion models based on the estimated magnitude and hypocentral distance, or (b) the interim proxies, such as initial vertical displacement P _d . We suggest the instrumental Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) intensity (JMA_I) as a characteristic for fast estimation of damage potential in the EEW systems. We investigated the scaling relations between JMA_I measured using the whole earthquake recordings (overall intensity) and using particular time intervals of various duration (2.0–8.0 s) starting from the P-wave arrival (preliminary intensity). The dataset included 3,660 records (K-NET and the KiK-net networks) from 55 events (M _W 4.1–7.4) occurred in 1999–2008 in Japan. We showed that the time interval of 4–5 s from the P-wave arrival can be used for reliable estimations of the overall intensity with the average standard error of about 0.5 JMA units. The uncertainty in the prediction may be reduced by consideration of local site conditions or by development of the station-specific models.  相似文献   

Meteorology and oceanography of the Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean—a review of German achievements from the last decade     

Hartmut H. Hellmer  Monika Rhein  Günther Heinemann  Janna Abalichin  Wafa Abouchami  Oliver Baars  Ulrich Cubasch  Klaus Dethloff  Lars Ebner  Eberhard Fahrbach  Martin Frank  Gereon Gollan  Richard J. Greatbatch  Jens Grieger  Vladimir M. Gryanik  Micha Gryschka  Judith Hauck  Mario Hoppema  Oliver Huhn  Torsten Kanzow  Boris P. Koch  Gert König-Langlo  Ulrike Langematz  Gregor C. Leckebusch  Christof Lüpkes  Stephan Paul  Annette Rinke  Bjoern Rost  Michiel Rutgers van der Loeff  Michael Schröder  Gunther Seckmeyer  Torben Stichel  Volker Strass  Ralph Timmermann  Scarlett Trimborn  Uwe Ulbrich  Celia Venchiarutti  Ulrike Wacker  Sascha Willmes  Dieter Wolf-Gladrow 《Ocean Dynamics》2016,66(11):1379-1413

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Present-day Horizontal Mobility in the Serbian Part of the Pannonian Basin; Inferences from the Geometric Analysis of Deformations     

Zoran Sušić  Marinko Toljić  Vladimir Bulatović  Toša Ninkov  Uroš Stojadinović 《Acta Geophysica》2016,64(5):1626-1654

In tectonically complex environments, such as the Pannonian Basin surrounded by the Alps–Dinarides and Carpathians orogens, monitoring of recent deformations represents very challenging matter. Efficient quantification of active continental deformations demands the use of a multidisciplinary approach, including neotectonic, seismotectonic and geodetic methods. The present-day tectonic mobility in the Pannonian Basin is predominantly controlled by the northward movement of the Adria micro-plate, which has produced compressional stresses that were party accommodated by the Alps-Dinarides thrust belt and partly transferred towards its hinterland. Influence of thus induced stresses on the recent strain field, deformations and tectonic mobility in the southern segment of the Pannonian Basin has been investigated using GPS measurements of the horizontal mobility in the Vojvodina area (northern Serbia).  相似文献   

Low Visibility Formation and Forecasting on the Northern Coast of Brazil   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Natalia Fedorova  Vladimir Levit  Aliton Oliveira da Silva  Deydila Michele Bonfim dos Santos 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》2013,170(4):689-709

Visibility analysis and forecast at the Maceio International Airport in the Brazilian Northeast (NEB) was the principal goal of this investigation. Surface meteorological data of the Maceio International Airport were used for low visibility frequency study. Low visibility in NEB was provoked more frequently by light fog (LF) formation (1,098 or 92 h month^?1 on average). Haze and fog were very rare (81 h and one event per year, respectively on average). Light fog with a visibility less than 2 km usually was detected together with rain or drizzle. Low visibility was observed more frequently at night and during the rainy season. Applications of the Hybrid Single Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT) model for light fog forecast were tested. Thermodynamic processes were studied by vertical profile, elaborated by: (1) National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) reanalysis data for Maceio (because of some radiosonde absence) and (2) forecast vertical temperature and humidity profiles were produced, using Air Parcels Trajectories of the HYSPLIT model at the pattern levels. The synoptic situations before and during low visibility phenomena were analyzed using different products of NCEP reanalysis, the high resolution (10 km) ETA model and infrared satellite images. Wave disturbance in the trade winds field, localized on the northwest periphery of the South Atlantic subtropical High, usually accompanied the phenomena. A humidity advection, weak ascendant movement and thermal inversion absence at the low levels were created by these waves. The middle level’s descendent movement provoked the humidity accumulation at levels below. Satisfactory results of the HYSPLIT model applications for light fog forecast were obtained with 12 h antecedence. In particular, stable level forecast by the ETA model was forecast satisfactorily with 12 h antecedence; vertical movements were predicted better with up to 48 h antecedence. The PSU/NCAR mesoscale model (MM5) and PAFOG models were tested for analysis and forecast of an intensive fog event. Intensive fog provoked a fatal accident of a small airplane near the Maceio Airport in 2007. These fog formation processes were studied by NCEP reanalysis data, the high resolution regional model MM5, and satellite and radar data. Fog formation was simulated by PAFOG model and satisfactory results were obtained with 10 h antecedence.  相似文献   

Evaluation of equivalence between different methods for enumeration of fecal indicator bacteria before and after adoption of the new Bathing Water Directive and risk assessment of pollution     

Darija Vukić Lušić  Dražen Lušić  Denis Pešut  Vladimir Mićović  Marin Glad  Lovorka Bilajac  Vesna Peršić 《Marine pollution bulletin》2013

The quality of bathing water is of considerable public importance due to the possibility of fecal contamination. In 2009, Croatia implemented the new European Bathing Water Directive (BWD, 2006/7/EC) establishing stricter microbiological standards for new parameters with new reference methods. This study aims to evaluate the equivalence of different methods according to the old and revised BWD and to provide the possibility of data comparison. Furthermore, the directive requires the establishment of the bathing water profile (BWP) for pollution risk assessment. The estimation of consistency of pollution risk assessment with obtained microbiological results was also performed.  相似文献   

QVOA techniques for fracture characterization     

Vladimir Sabinin 《Geofísica Internacional》2013,52(4):311-320

New computational techniques of QVOA analysis (Quality factor Versus Offset and Azimuth) for fracture characterization are developed. The techniques are applied to synthetic surface data of reflection with noise.  相似文献   

Modeling of deep magnetovariation soundings on the rotating earth     

Vladimir Yu. Semenov  Milan Hvoždara  Jan Vozar 《Acta Geophysica》2013,61(2):264-280

Induced magnetic fields in the Earth arise due to two phenomena: induction generated by the time-variable exciting field and the motional induction caused by movement of the conductive planet in the outer magnetic fields. The comparison of both approaches on the spherical Earth has been analyzed in the present work for two sources in the ionosphere and magnetosphere. For this aim, both sources with their natural sizes and positions have been modeled analytically to obtain the fields on the layered sphere at the middle latitudes. The conditions when the steady ring current field is not influenced by the Earth’s rotation have been established theoretically. The synthetic diurnal magnetograms were used for the deep sounding by the magnetovariation spatial gradient method and the result was compared with the one obtained on the nonrotating sphere. Sounding results using both approaches were found different above the 2D inhomogeneous mantle. The precessions of the magnetospheric belt current pole for daily sampling frequency were presented using several geomagnetic observatory data in the northern hemisphere.  相似文献   

THE TRANSFORMER IMAGE: CURRENT STATUS AND FUTURE PROSPECTS     

Sabir M. Guseyn-Zade  Vladimir S. Tikunov 《地理信息系统科学与遥感》2013,50(1)

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Signal delay in the RadioAstron ground-space interferometer     

I. Yu. Vlasov  V. E. Zharov  M. V. Sazhin 《Astronomy Reports》2012,56(12):984-987

The commissioning of the RadioAstron space radio telescope observing in a radio-interferometer mode with baselines exceeding the baselines of ground-based VLBI systems by more than an order of magnitude requires revision of the formula used to calculate the delay of the arrival of the signal from a distant source to the telescopes in ground-based observations. This formula is derived taking into account all corrections necessary to achieve the required accuracy; numerical estimates of the contributions of all terms are presented.  相似文献   

Introduction     

William L. Bandy  Yuri Taran  Carlos Mortera Guti��rrez  Vladimir Kostoglodov 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》2011,168(8-9):1251-1253

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