Lead isotopic signatures of wine and vineyard soils—tracers of lead origin     

Martin Mihaljevi   Vojtch Ettler  Ond&#x;ej &#x;ebek  Ladislav Strnad  Vladislav Chrastný 《Journal of Geochemical Exploration》2006,88(1-3):130

The Pb contents and ²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁷Pb and ²⁰⁸Pb/²⁰⁶Pb isotopic ratios were studied in the soils and wines (2004 harvest) of three vineyard areas of the Czech Republic. The areas differ in their geological basements and anthropogenic loading. The isotopic compositions of wine in areas with intensive industry (Most, North Bohemia ²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁷Pb_wine = 1.178 ± 0.004) and the agricultural areas of Central Bohemia (Roudnice nad Labem ²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁷Pb_wine = 1.176 ± 0.007) are similar to the Pb isotopic composition of airborne particulate material typical of polluted and industrial environments (²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁷Pb = 1.17–1.19). The isotopic composition of wine from Prague (²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁷Pb_wine = 1.174 ± 0.003) is different from that of the soil, which was severely contaminated in the past by vehicular Pb (²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁷Pb_soil = 1.147–1.168). This fact shows that interception of airborne Pb by plants is greater than its uptake by the root system.  相似文献   

Multiple zircon growth during fast exhumation of diamondiferous, deeply subducted continental crust (Kokchetav Massif, Kazakhstan)   总被引：36，自引：0，他引：36  

Jörg Hermann  Daniela Rubatto  Andrei Korsakov  Vladislav S. Shatsky 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》2001,141(1):66-82

Diamondiferous rocks from the Kokchetav Massif, Kazakhstan, represent deeply subducted continental crust. In order to constrain the age of ultra high pressure (UHP) metamorphism and subsequent retrogression during exhumation, zircons from diamondiferous gneisses and metacarbonates have been investigated by a combined petrological and isotopic study. Four different zircon domains were distinguished on the basis of transmitted light microscopy, cathodoluminescence, trace element contents and mineral inclusions. Mineral inclusions and trace element characteristics of the zircon domains permit us to relate zircon growth to metamorphic conditions. Domain 1 consists of rounded cores and lacks evidence of UHP metamorphism. Domain 2 contains diamond, coesite, omphacite and titanian phengite inclusions providing evidence that it formed at UHP metamorphic conditions (P>43 kbar; T~950 °C). Domain 3 is characterised by low-pressure mineral inclusions such as garnet, biotite and plagioclase, which are common minerals in the granulite-facies overprint of the gneisses (P~10 kbar; T~800 °C). This multi-stage zircon growth during cooling and exhumation of the diamondiferous rocks can be best explained by zircon growth from Zr-saturated partial melts present in the gneisses. Domain 4 forms idiomorphic overgrowths and the rare earth element pattern indicates that it formed without coexisting garnet, most probably at amphibolite-facies conditions (P~5 kbar; T~600 °C). The metamorphic zircon domains were dated by SHRIMP ion microprobe and yielded ages of 527LJ, 528NJ and 526LJ Ma for domains 2, 3 and 4 respectively. These indistinguishable ages provide evidence for a fast exhumation beyond the resolution of SHRIMP dating. The mean age of all zircons formed between UHP metamorphic conditions and granulite-facies metamorphism is 528Dž Ma, indicating that decompression took place in less than 6 Ma. Hence, the deeply subducted continental crust was exhumed from mantle depth to the base of the crust at rates higher than 1.8 cm/year. We propose a two-stage exhumation model to explain the obtained P-T-t path. Fast exhumation on top of the subducted slab from depth >140 to ~35 km was driven by buoyancy and facilitated by the presence of partial melts. A period of near isobaric cooling was followed by a second decompression event probably related to extension in a late stage of continental collision.  相似文献   

Geodynamics of Lithosphere and Earth’s Mantle: Seismic Anisotropy as a Record of the Past and Present Dynamic Processes   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Jaroslava Plomerová  Robert C. Liebermann  Vladislav Babuška 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1998,151(2-4):213-219

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Regional anomalies of P-wave amplitudes and tectonics of focal regions     

Jaroslava Plomerová  Vladislav Babuška 《Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors》1979,19(3):228-238

A distinct regional dependence of amplitude observations at closely-situated pairs of Central European seismic stations (about 1° apart) was observed for the short-period P waves at teleseismic distances. For the investigated regions, namely Japan, the Kuriles, Kamchatka, the Aleutians, and Alaska, the magnitude corrections change by 0.3 magnitude units. These changes are related to the change of the strike and dip of the sinking lithospheric plates. A relative decrease of the amplitudes, generally observed for different pairs of stations, corresponds to a decrease of the angle between a seismic ray and a slab.  相似文献   

Local geology and dynamic parameters of seismic waves     

Jaroslava Plomerová  Vladislav Babuška  Reviewer J. Buben 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》1977,21(3-4):295-306

Summary Amplitudes and periods of seismic waves recorded both in the short-period and in the intermediate-period ranges at the seismic stations Prhonice, Praha and Kaperské Hory are influenced by the tectonic situation in the focal regions rather than by the anisotropic structures of the geologic formations underlying the stations. Large amplitude variations and differences in periods due to instrumental effects were also found.  相似文献   

La classe des projections equidistantes dans les méridiens et dans les parallèles     

Vladislav Hojovec  Critique J. Kašpar 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》1977,21(2):118-126

am m¶rt; u aa mau, anm n u¶rt;uaa u naa. aaa ¶rt;am u ¶rt; am a, ¶rt;a uau a ¶rt; u¶rt;ua u naa n¶rt;mam u mau um. a ¶rt;am nuu u ¶rt; a, ¶rt;a uau m u u ¶rt;uam. m¶rt; u nu mauau manuu.  相似文献   

Travel times of seismic waves propagating to the bohemian massif from the south-west direction     

Jaroslava Plomerová  Vladislav Babuška  Libuše Ruprechtová  Reviewer A. Zátorek 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》1981,25(4):356-365

mau x¶rt; u a¶rt;u 8 ¶rt;nu mau ¶rt; uu mu u -ana¶rt; auu naa num mam u u na n, g, Sn u Sg mum ma¶rt;am¶rt;a ¶rt; uu mu. a¶rt;u lam mu aua u umau u mm u a amuu ¶rt; En.  相似文献   

A model of the lithosphere thickness in the region of the Carpathians     

Pavel Pajdušák  Jaroslava Plomerová  Vladislav Babuška  Reviewer Č. Tomek 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》1989,33(1):11-21

Summary Directionally independent average P residuals computed for waves of teleseismic events arriving under various azimuths and incidence angles provided the basis for estimating the lithosphere thickness beneath the Carpathians and their surroundings. A thin lithosphere (60–80 km) was determined for the Pannonian Basin and the Transylvanian Basin, the thickest lithosphere(about 180 km) beneath the South Carpathians at the contact with the Moesian Platform. In other parts of the Carpathian belt the lithosphere thickens beneath the outer parts towards the SW margin of the East-European and the Moldavian Platforms. The lithosphere thicknesses derived from P residuals correlate well with the magnetotelluric determinations of a layer of increased electrical conductivity in the upper mantle.

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Резюме Осре?rt;ненные временные невязкu Р волн, незaвuсuмые оm нanрaвленuя u рaссчumaнные ?rt;ля у?rt;aленных землеmрясенuŭ uз волн, nрuхо?rt;ящuх nо?rt; рaзнымu aзuмуmaмu u у лaмu na?rt;енuя, ?rt;aюm основaнuе ?rt;ля оnре?rt;еленuя мощносmu лumосферы Кaрnam u uх окресmносmеŭ. Тонкaя лumосферa(60–80 км) оnре?rt;еленa ?rt;ля Пaннонско о u Трaнсuльвaнско о бaссеŭнов, a сaмaя мощнaя лumосферa(около 180 км) нaхо?rt;umся nо?rt; Южнымu Кaрnamaмu. В ?rt;ру uх чaсmях Кaрnamско о nоясa мощносmь лumосферы нaрaсmaеm во внешнuх зонaх в нanрaвленuu к ю о-зana?rt;ноŭ окрauне Восmочно-Евроnеŭскоŭ u Мол?rt;aвскоŭ nлamформ. Нaблю?rt;aеmся хорошaя корреляцuя мощносmu лumосферы, оnре?rt;еленноŭ нa основе невязок временu Р волн, с мa нumоmеллурuческuмu ?rt;aннымu nо лубuне слоя nовышенноŭ элекmроnрово?rt;uмосmu в верхнеŭ мaнmuu.

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Regional fabric of the deep lithosphere in central Europe from seismic anisotropy     

Vladislav Babuška  Jaroslava Plomerová 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》1995,39(3):219-226

Summary The large scale anisotropic structures with plunging symmetry axes in the subcrustal lithosphere of central Europe were derived from independent observations of teleseismic P-residual spheres and polarizations of the split SKS waves. The dipping structures are interpreted as remnants of palaeo-subduction systems which retain olivine orientations from ancient oceanic lithosphere. Values of k_P and k_S estimated from observed teleseismic P and SKS data are within the range of anisotropies found for the upper mantle rocks. The Variscides of central Europe may thus be characterized by two palaeo-subduction systems, with symmetry axes divergent relative to the suture between the Moldanubicum and Saxothuringicum.  相似文献   

Saxothuringian-Moldanubian Suture and Predisposition of Seismicity In The Western Bohemian Massif     

Babuška  Vladislav  Plomerová  Jaroslava 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》2000,44(2):292-306

We modelled the thickness and seismic anisotropy of the subcrustal lithosphere from the variations of P-wave delay times and the shear-wave splitting observed at seismological observatories and portable stations in the western part of the Bohemian Massif. The Saxothuringian lithosphere is characterized by a total thickness between 90 and 120 km, the Moldanubian lithosphere is generally thicker –120-140 km, on the average. The subcrustal lithosphere of both units is characterised by divergently dipping anisotropic structures and the suture between them is marked by a lithosphere thinning to about 80km. Within the subcrustal lithosphere a complex structure of the transition of both units extends to about 150 km toward the south. We suggest that the Saxothuringian-Moldanubian suture has created a zone of mechanical predisposition for the Tertiary Ohe (Eger) Graben, as well as for the occurrence of earthquake swarms in the region. Most earthquakes occur within the brittle part of the upper crust above the crossing of the suture between the Saxothuringian in the north and the Moldanubian and the Tepl´-Barrandian in the south, with the tectonically active Mariánské Lázn fault.  相似文献