Time Series Models for Air Pollution Modelling Considering the Shift to Natural Gas in a Turkish City          下载免费PDF全文

Fatih Taşpınar 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2015,43(7):980-988

  相似文献   

Response of braiding channel morphodynamics to peak discharge changes in the Upper Yellow River          下载免费PDF全文

Filip Schuurman  Wanquan Ta  Sander Post  Marius Sokolewicz  Marcela Busnelli  Maarten Kleinhans 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2018,43(8):1648-1662

The braiding intensity and dynamics in large braiding rivers are well known to depend on peak discharges, but the response in braiding and channel–floodplain transformations to changes in discharge regime are poorly known. This modelling study addresses the morphodynamic effects of increasing annual peak discharges in braiding rivers. The study site is a braiding reach of the Upper Yellow River. We estimated the effects on the larger‐scale channel pattern, and on the smaller‐scale bars, channel branches and floodplains. Furthermore, we determined the sensitivity of the channel pattern to model input parameters. The results showed that the dominant effect of a higher peak discharge is the development of chute channels on the floodplains, formed by connecting head‐cut channels and avulsive channels. Widening of the main channel by bank erosion was found to be less dominant. In addition, sedimentation on the bars and floodplains increased with increasing peak discharge. The model results also showed that the modelled channel pattern is especially sensitive to parametrization of the bed slope effect, whereas the effect of median grain size was found to be relatively small. Copyright © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

基于精密水准的鄂尔多斯西北缘现今垂直运动分析     

郭宝震  塔拉  周海涛  苏广利 《震灾防御技术》2017,12(3):523-528

鄂尔多斯块体受青藏块体和华北块体的挤压,在其周缘形成一系列褶皱和压性断层,构造较为复杂。本文利用1980、1990和2014这3期精密水准资料计算了鄂尔多斯块体西北缘的垂直运动速率,分析结果表明:① 位于阴山断块隆起与鄂尔多斯断块隆起之间的河套盆地相对下沉,其中临河盆地最为明显,下沉速率为2-4mm/a,位于鄂尔多斯块体西缘的吉兰泰-银川断陷带沉降速率有所减缓,目前沉降速率约为2mm/a;② 整个测区表现为明显的山区上升、盆地下沉的继承性运动;③ 穿过乌拉山北缘断裂和磴口-本井断裂的2条水准剖面显示断裂两侧的垂直运动速率差异小于0.5mm/a。  相似文献   

基于LMI的高层建筑结构分散H2/H∞鲁棒控制   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

孙万泉  李庆斌 《地震工程与工程振动》2007,27(6):218-222

针对输入荷载特性未知的高层建筑结构在集中控制下的可靠性低、计算量大等局限性,本文提出从分散H2/H∞鲁棒控制理论出发,对其进行线性矩阵不等式(LMI)求解,从而实现对多个子系统的多自由度建筑进行分散控制的方法。通过对一个高层剪切型建筑结构进行仿真运算,探讨了土木工程中运用分散控制方法的有效性,以及该方法对建筑结构进行分散主动和半主动控制的一些特性。  相似文献   

Rapid groundwater circulation inferred from temporal water dynamics and isotopes in an arid system     

Hongbing Tan  Yu Zhang  Wenbo Rao  Hongye Guo  Wanquan Ta  Shicheng Lu  Peixin Cong 《水文研究》2021,35(6):e14225

Arid basins in the alpine-cold area have their unique environmental settings and special groundwater circulation system. Sources, components and their variation of recharge processes for most rivers and groundwater of seasonal scale are still unknown in response to climate warming. Stable H and O isotopes were sampled monthly in river water and groundwater, and water table fluctuations were monitored over a complete seasonal cycle from dry to wet season conditions in the Nalenggele River catchment in the western Qaidam Basin, China. The primary objectives of our study were to demonstrate and explain the mechanism governing the rapid circulation in the groundwater system. Distinct seasonal fluctuations in the water table with corresponding stable isotopic variations can be observed in the alluvial fan of the Nalenggele River catchment. The recharge mechanism is related to the coincidence of several favourable hydrological conditions including an abundant recharge water source from summer precipitation and glacial snow melt in the high Kunlun Mountains, large-scale active faults, a volcanic crater, and other macro-structures that act as favourable recharge conduits, a large hydraulic head, and the presence of >100 m of unconsolidated sand and gravel acting as the main aquifer. Abundant and rapid renewable groundwater resources are potential water sources for future development in the Qaidam Basin.  相似文献   

Geostatistical analysis of spatiotemporal variability of groundwater level fluctuations in Amman–Zarqa basin,Jordan: a case study     

Rakad A. Ta′any  Alaeddin B. Tahboub  Ghazi A. Saffarini 《Environmental Geology》2009,57(3):525-535

The main objective of this study was to assess the spatial and temporal variability of groundwater level fluctuations in the Amman–Zarqa basin, during the period 2001–2005. In the year 2003, as a consequence of war, there was a sudden increase in the population in this basin. Knowing that the basin is already heavily populated and witnesses most of the human and industrial activities in Jordan, this study was prompted to help make wise water resources management decisions to cope with the new situation. Data from 31 fairly distributed wells in the upper aquifer of the basin were subjected to geostatistical treatment. Kriging interpolation techniques have indicated that the groundwater flow directions remained almost constant over the years. The two main directions are SW–NE and E–W. Kriging mapped fluctuations have also showed that drop and rise events are localized in the basin. Forecasting possibilities for management purposes were tackled using autocorrelation analysis. The constructed autocorrelograms indicated, in general, the temporal dependence of seasonal water level fluctuations, and that forecasting can be carried out within a period of 3–21 months. Several suggestions were made to mitigate the drop and rise hazards in the detected sites.  相似文献   

Identification of hazelnut fields using spectral and Gabor textural features   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Selçuk ReisKadim Ta?demir 《ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing》2011,66(5):652-661

Land cover identification and monitoring agricultural resources using remote sensing imagery are of great significance for agricultural management and subsidies. Particularly, permanent crops are important in terms of economy (mainly rural development) and environmental protection. Permanent crops (including nut orchards) are extracted with very high resolution remote sensing imagery using visual interpretation or automated systems based on mainly textural features which reflect the regular plantation pattern of their orchards, since the spectral values of the nut orchards are usually close to the spectral values of other woody vegetation due to various reasons such as spectral mixing, slope, and shade. However, when the nut orchards are planted irregularly and densely at fields with high slope, textural delineation of these orchards from other woody vegetation becomes less relevant, posing a challenge for accurate automatic detection of these orchards. This study aims to overcome this challenge using a classification system based on multi-scale textural features together with spectral values. For this purpose, Black Sea region of Turkey, the region with the biggest hazelnut production in the world and the region which suffers most from this issue, is selected and two Quickbird archive images (June 2005 and September 2008) of the region are acquired. To differentiate hazel orchards from other woodlands, in addition to the pansharpened multispectral (4-band) bands of 2005 and 2008 imagery, multi-scale Gabor features are calculated from the panchromatic band of 2008 imagery at four scales and six orientations. One supervised classification method (maximum likelihood classifier, MLC) and one unsupervised method (self-organizing map, SOM) are used for classification based on spectral values, Gabor features and their combination. Both MLC and SOM achieve the highest performance (overall classification accuracies of 95% and 92%, and Kappa values of 0.93 and 0.88, respectively) when multi temporal spectral values and Gabor features are merged. High F_β values (a combined measure of producer and user accuracy) for detection of hazel orchards (0.97 for MLC and 0.94 for SOM) indicate the high quality of the classification results. When the classification is based on multi spectral values of 2008 imagery and Gabor features, similar F_β values (0.95 for MLC and 0.93 for SOM) are obtained, favoring the use of one imagery for cost/benefit efficiency. One main outcome is that despite its unsupervised nature, SOM achieves a classification performance very close to the performance of MLC, for detection of hazel orchards.  相似文献   

台湾西部城市地带的形成与发展   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

侯晓虹  刘塔 《热带地理》1994,14(1):34-40

本文论述台湾经济空间演变与城市化发展过程，并对该过程中经济增长与城市发展的关系，都市连绵区的形成与发展、港口对工业区与城市的影响等方面作探讨，最后讨论了海峡两岸经济联系的加强对我国东南沿海城市发展可能产生的影响。  相似文献   

一次华北地区西南涡暴雨的数值模拟分析     

王爱君  高万泉  石燕茹  宋晓辉  张聪利 《内蒙古气象》2015,(1):3-8

采用WRFV3.01模式对2010年7月18—20日发生在华北地区的西南涡暴雨过程进行了模拟与分析。结果表明:这次西南涡暴雨主要降水机制是高低空急流的耦合。暴雨出现在低空急流的前方和高空急流的右后方;高空急流为强降水提供了高层的辐散场和高层的干冷空气,低空急流为降水区提供了充足的水汽和能量;这次西南涡降水有明显的暖锋降水性质。  相似文献   

Wind erodibility of major soils in the farming-pastoral ecotone of China   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

L.-Y. Liu  X.-Y. Li  P.-J. Shi  S.-Y. Gao  J.-H. Wang  W.-Q. Ta  Y. Song  M.-X. Liu  Z. Wang  B.-L. Xiao   《Journal of Arid Environments》2007,68(4):611-623

Wind erosion and desertification are severe problems in China's farming-pastoral ecotone. In this study, wind erodibility of five major soils in both uncultivated and simulated cultivated conditions, were determined through wind tunnel tests at nine wind speeds ranging from 10 to 26 m s⁻¹. The average wind erosion rate (g m⁻² min⁻¹) under the uncultivated condition (q₀) for the five soils could be set in the order: chestnut soil (28.5)>brown soil (24.8)>sierozem (21.8)>chernozem (19.9)>fixed sandy soil (11.4). The highest natural wind erosion might take place in the semi-arid steppe zone where the Chestnut soils predominate. Cultivation can significantly accelerate wind erosion, the mean wind erosion rate under the cultivated condition (q_c) for all five soils was 743.7 g m⁻² min⁻¹ in the following order: sandy soil (3313.2)>brown soil (227.2)>chernozem (221.8)>sierozem (85.1)>chestnut soil (81.2). For both the uncultivated and cultivated soil samples, the relationship between wind erosion rate (q) and wind speed (U) could be expressed in general as q=A e^BU (A and B are constant coefficients). There was a critical wind speed for each soil type except for the sandy soil. Below the critical wind speed, cultivation reduced wind erosion rate possibly due to soil clodiness and roughness effects. Above the critical speed, cultivation greatly intensified wind erosion rates due to the break down of the original soil structure. The critical wind speed measured at 20 cm above the soil surface was 20 m s⁻¹ for the brown soil, 14 m s⁻¹ for chernozem and the chestnut soils, and 10 m s⁻¹ for the sierozem. Among the five tested soils, the high wind erosion rate of the cultivated sandy soil showed its extreme sensitivity to cultivation, possibly because of the structureless nature of the loose sand. The “effect of cultivation on wind erosion” index, η (=q_c/q₀), increased exponentially with the increase of wind speed, indicating that under higher wind speed conditions, cultivation could result in more severe wind erosion.  相似文献