我国水库渔业对水质的影响及其生态控制对策   总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5  

胡传林  万成炎  丁庆秋  潘磊  吴生桂  高少波 《湖泊科学》2010,22(2):161-168

我国水库资源丰富,水质优良,是极佳的淡水养殖水体;实施科学合理的渔业可降低水库氮磷营养负荷,是合理利用水面和生物资源的需要.我国水库渔业自1950年代起步,1979年后快速发展,水库养殖面积迅速扩大、养殖产量显著增加、养殖品种多样化,先后发展形成6种不同的渔业模式.由于片面追求水库渔业的产量,大量施肥和投饵带来过量外源氮、磷等营养元素导致水库水体的富营养化,水质下降,有的水库甚至暴发了蓝藻水华.针对库区水质保护的要求,数项生态控制对策被提出以降低水库渔业对水质的负面影响.  相似文献   

A geo-ontology-based approach to decision-making in emergency management of meteorological disasters     

Shaobo Zhong  Zhixiang Fang  Min Zhu  Quanyi Huang 《Natural Hazards》2017,89(2):531-554

Ontology as a kind of method for knowledge representation is able to provide semantic integration for decision support in emergency management activities of meteorological disasters. We examine a meteorological disaster system as composed of four components: disastrous meteorological events, hazard-inducing environments, hazard-bearing bodies, and emergency management. The geospatial characteristics of these components can be represented with geographical ontology (geo-ontology). In this paper, we propose an ontology representation of domain knowledge of a meteorological disaster system descending from an adapted geospatial foundation ontology, designed to formally conceptualize the domain terms and establish relationships between those concepts. The class hierarchy and relationships of the proposed ontology are implemented finally at top level, domain level/task level, and application level. The potential application of the ontology is illustrated with a case study of prediction of secondary disasters and evacuation decision of a typhoon event. The multi-level ontology model can provide semantic support for before-, during-, after-event emergency management activities such as risk assessment, resource preparedness, and emergency response where the formed concepts and their relationships can be incorporated into reasoning sentences of these decision processes. Furthermore, the ontology model is realized with a universally used intermediate language OWL, which enables it to be used in popular environments. This work will underlie the semantic integration among human beings, between heterogeneous systems and between human beings and systems, enable spatial semantic reasoning, and will be useful in guiding advanced decision support in emergency management of meteorological disasters.  相似文献   

Spatial structural pattern and vulnerability of China-Japan-Korea shipping network   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Jianke Guo  Shaobo Wang  Dandan Wang  Tianbao Liu 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2017,27(5):697-708

The economies of China-Japan-Korea(CJK) are complementary, with their proximity resulting in the three countries having a high degree of interdependence with respect to trade. Currently, trade among these countries relies mainly on port-centered shipping. The development of the shipping network is integral for in-depth integration of CJK trade. This paper analyzes the overall characteristics, centrality, spatial structure, and vulnerability of the CJK shipping network using the methods of complex network analysis, blocking flow theory, and interruption and deletion of hub ports. The main findings are as follows: 1) The CJK shipping network has a small average path length and clustering coefficient, and its degree distribution follows a power-law distribution, which make the network present obvious characteristics of a Barabási-Albert scale-free. 2) The characteristics of the multi-center point of the CJK shipping network can alleviate traffic pressure. At the same time, the network shows a clear hierarchy in the port transportation system, with cargo transport relying mainly on the ‘hub port-hub port' connection. 3) The CJK shipping network is relatively stable. Compared with ports in Japan and Korea, the main hub ports in China have a greater impact on the stability of the shipping network, in particular those ports of the central coastal region, including Shanghai, Ningbo, and Lianyungang.  相似文献   

森林灭火作战有效空间理论模型与实战分析     

张志  钟少波  华朝朗  袁宏永 《山地学报》2010,28(5)

提出森林灭火作战有效空间理论模型,包括环境因素、林火对象和灭火力量三个主要组成部分及其包含的若干要素,通过彼此之间物质、能量和信息的流动共同作用于有效空间.通过对云南山地森林火灾实战分析,森林灭火作战空间理论模型可以帮助指挥员解决控制点、控制线和缓冲控制区的定位问题.  相似文献   

中国风景名胜区交通可达性及市场潜力空间测度     

王绍博  郭建科 《地理研究》2016,35(9):1714-1726

基于旅游系统的区域开放性,从省内、省际两个角度出发,对国家级风景区的省内、省际交通可达性和市场潜力进行探讨。研究发现：① 风景区离散或集聚的规律性分布,使整体可达性区域差异性明显,呈现由东向西递减,由南北两侧向中间递增的分布格局。② 省内交通可达性优势区集中在东部沿海,省际交通可达性优势区集中在中原地区,与省内交通可达性相比,省际交通区域差异性更加明显,与航空可达性相比,铁路可达性对省际交通可达性的影响更大。③ 整体市场潜力呈现“带—团”状聚集式分布,基本形成了以东部沿海经济带为主的“带状”高市场潜力区,中部团状聚集式的较高市场潜力区,以及西部偏远低市场潜力区的空间分布格局。与省内市场潜力相比,省际市场潜力区域差异性更大,不同区域、种类的风景区省内、省际市场潜力优势不同。④ 旅游实际市场与市场潜力发展核心区空间错位明显,实际市场核心区主要集中在长江流域,市场潜力核心区则相对靠北,集中在中原及京津冀地区。  相似文献   

单层网壳结构振动压电控制分析与试验研究     

朱军强  马少波  王社良  刘玲 《地震工程与工程振动》2011,31(4):114-119

通过试验,研究自主研发的压电主动杆件在单层网壳结构中的主动智能控制问题.利用集传感器、作动器和承受荷载等功能于一体的压电主动杆件,对网壳结构的地震响应振动实施主动智能控制.结果表明,这种压电主动构件作为网壳结构的内在控制源,可以有效地控制网壳结构的地震响应,起到抑制网壳振动的作用.  相似文献   

Ｌ波段高空气象探测系统应用技术分析          下载免费PDF全文

单新兰  张广平  刘娟 《陕西气象》2011,(4):36-38

针对当前气象信息业务人员紧张,保障人员工作任务繁重的现状,研发了基于SqlServer数据库的气象信息监控报警平台。本文介绍了该系统的设计思路、框架结构及数据流程,并探讨了实现过程中一些关键问题的解决方案。  相似文献   

盾构隧道联络通道地震响应规律研究     

孔戈  周健  王绍博  张姣 《地震工程与工程振动》2009,29(3)

联络通道与盾构隧道的连接处是隧道抗震的薄弱环节,但目前有关联络通道抗震性能的研究开展得还很少。对于隧道与联络通道连接部位这类典型的空间结构,三维动力有限元分析是最为有效的方法,而其中的人工边界条件和地震动输入方法是实现这一方法的关键技术之一。本文以显式形式将多次透射边界条件引入三维动力分析控制方程,采用分割算法分别求解边界节点和内部节点的响应,然后以对武汉长江隧道工程为背景,利用这种算法研究了隧道与联络通道连接处的地震响应规律,并对采用柔性搭接代替刚性接头和地基加固两种措施的减振效果进行了计算分析。  相似文献   

激光雷达点云树木建模研究进展与展望   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

曹伟  陈动  史玉峰  曹震  夏少波 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2021,(2):203-220

三维树木几何模型是数字城市与数字林业工程的重要组成部分.针对点云树木建模,深入分析了基于广义(泛在)激光雷达点云的树木模型重建方法,提出了聚类思想建模、图论方法建模、先验假设建模、拉普拉斯算子建模与轻量化表达建模5类建模体系,归纳总结了不同建模体系在树冠枝干的细节表达、建模算法性能、树木模型的多层次细节表达、建模体系综...  相似文献   

基于GNSS的LEO卫星TRAIM可用性算法及分析     

马洋  李延东  王韶波  蒙薇  赵黎晔 《大地测量与地球动力学》2018,38(8):832-835

详细研究了基于GNSS的LEO卫星接收机授时自主完好性（TRAIM）故障检测数学模型以及可用性算法。以GPS和BDS组合为例,分别对500 km、650 km、800 km和1 400 km等几种典型轨道高度的卫星,开展基于GNSS的LEO卫星TRAIM可用性仿真分析。结果表明,在告警阈值100 ns时,基于GPS+BDS组合系统的TRAIM检测可用概率达到99.1%以上,基本满足LEO卫星TRIAM检测可用性需求。  相似文献