利用两种指纹因子判别小流域泥沙来源   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

陈方鑫  张含玉  方怒放  史志华 《水科学进展》2016,27(6):867-875

为精确识别黄土高原丘陵沟壑区典型小流域泥沙来源,分析了流域内“源-汇”地区土壤的理化性质及生物标志物（正构烷烃）作为潜在指纹识别因子,并建立了复合指纹模型。结果显示:单独的土壤理化指纹及正构烷烃均不能有效识别泥沙来源;土壤理化指纹和正构烷烃分别在林地、农地及沟道的辨别上显示出其局限性。多元化的复合指纹（碳优势指数CPI、Ca、TP、C₂₀、C₂₉、Fe）则能辨别90.5%的泥沙来源。模型结果显示沟道是该流域泥沙的主要来源,占60.8%,其次为农地占20.7%,林地占11.3%,草地占7.2%。研究表明,结合生物标志物的复合指纹法能更精确地反映泥沙来源,适用于各泥沙源头的地质条件差异较小的流域,对黄土高原小流域水土流失治理具有指导意义。  相似文献   

济阳坳陷古近系泥页岩成因相划分     

郝运轻  王朴  刘惠民  谢忠怀  毕彩芹  滕建彬  方正伟 《岩石矿物学杂志》2016,35(6):981-990

系统岩心观察和高密度薄片鉴定等分析测试资料研究结果显示,济阳坳陷沙三下-沙四上泥页岩成分组成及构造类型主要受沉积作用控制,岩石结构特征主要受成岩作用控制。根据泥页岩中方解石成因及重结晶程度,结合岩石成分及构造特征,将济阳坳陷沙三下-沙四上泥页岩划分为沉积主控型、沉积-成岩双控型及成岩主控型三大成因相。沉积主控型分布最为广泛,岩相类型多样,构造特征反映成因环境;沉积-成岩双控型主要见于纹层状岩相,由泥质纹层与显晶粒状方解石纹层互层构成;成岩主控型以柱状、柱纤状方解石垂直层面呈脉状、透镜状产出为特征。成岩主控型和沉积-成岩双控型泥页岩与页岩油气关系密切,是重要的有利成因相类型。  相似文献   

景洪市嘎栋地热井特征及成井工艺总结分析          下载免费PDF全文

罗文行  孙国强  房艳国  叶浩  龚成  游小川 《探矿工程》2016,43(10):257-260

景洪盆地内蕴藏有丰富的地热资源。通过对景洪市嘎栋地热资源勘查地热井地质、施工情况及成果进行介绍,结合勘查施工实践,针对地热资源勘查开发、地热钻井施工、成井工艺及钻井过程中地质问题等有关内容进行经验总结并分析,对地热地质条件与地热井施工之间结合进行一些经验探讨,并对现行地热井规范中关于井身结构设计、取水层位确定、单井资源量计算等问题提出一定疑问。旨在通过实践及疑问探讨,力图找出为地热资源勘查开发提供值得借鉴的经验和教训。  相似文献   

北京密云放马峪基性岩墙群LA-MC-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄及其意义     

方同明  程新彬  刘鸿  孙永华  吴虎峻  魏波  王玮  丁望 《地质通报》2016,35(12):2076-2081

太古宙基性岩墙群在北京密云地区广泛分布,其年代学研究一直备受关注,多年来取得了一些数据,但对太古宙变质片麻岩控制作用未做论述。利用LA-MC-ICP-MS U-Pb同位素测定技术,测得放马峪石榴辉石岩中锆石的年龄为2497±15Ma,此年龄被解释为区内变质片麻岩成岩年龄应早于基性岩墙群成岩年龄,其为研究区内太古宙片麻岩成岩年龄提供了重要的参考数据。  相似文献   

Experimental Measurements of Solitary Wave Attenuation Over Shallow and Intermediate Submerged Canopy     

王千  郭晓宇  王本龙  房詠柳  刘桦 《海洋工程》2016,(3):375-392

Attenuations of solitary wave over a patch of submerged canopy are experimentally investigated. The submerged canopy is modeled by a group of circular cylinder array. The decay coefficients of different wave heights in two water depths along the wave flume are measured for six canopy models, including two canopy heights and three styles of arrangements. The relationships among the decay coefficient, and the dimensionless wave height, submergence ratio, relative height and arrangement of the canopy are experimentally studied. 2D PIV technique is employed to measure the representative flow field inside the canopy. A four-deck flow structure is proposed for wave flow field over shallow submerged canopy. The characteristics of shear flow inside the aligned canopy region are discussed.  相似文献   

北极斯瓦尔巴特群岛及邻区天然气水合物分解对气候、海洋环境和生物的影响     

聂云峰  于晶  陈宏文  万玲  范广慧  房强  吴怀春 《现代地质》2018,32(5):1012

天然气水合物是一种潜在的巨量能源,但其分解释放的甲烷可能对全球气候与海洋环境产生巨大影响。然而,人们目前对天然气水合物分解产生的环境和生物效应的了解还不够全面。北极地区的斯瓦尔巴特群岛及邻区的海底和冻土层中蕴含大量甲烷,对气候变化十分敏感,是人们研究天然气水合物对气候变化的响应机制和其分解对生态环境影响的绝佳场所。系统总结了斯瓦尔巴特群岛及邻区水合物分解的气候与环境效应,发现目前研究区水合物分解产生的甲烷进入大气的年际通量不大,对全球气候的影响可能有限;水合物分解对海底滑坡起到催化剂的作用,但不是首要因素;海底水合物分解释放的甲烷能打破原有的化学平衡、生产力分布规律与输送机制、生物耦合关系甚至不同栖息地间的连通性,进而影响底栖生物群落。这些认识对研究天然气水合物开采对生态环境可能造成的影响和采取相应防治措施具有一定的借鉴意义。  相似文献   

A New Ootype of Dinosaur Egg (Faveoloolithidae: Duovallumoolithus shangdanensis oogen. et oosp. nov.) from the Late Cretaceous in the Shangdan Basin,Shaanxi Province,China     

ZHENG Tingting  BAI Yi  WANG Qiang  ZHU Xufeng  FANG Kaiyong  YAO Yuan  ZHAO Yongqiang  WANG Xiaolin 《《地质学报》英文版》2018,92(3):897-903

A new ootype collected from the Upper Cretaceous Lijiacun Formation in the Shangdan Basin, Shaanxi Province is described in this paper. Based on general external shape, size, eggshell thickness and honeycomb‐like eggshell microstructure, eggs are referable to the oofamily Faveoloolithidae. Compared with other members of Faveoloolithidae, specimens described in this paper show special characteristics: adjacent pores are usually separated by two eggshell units between which often develop interspaces; columnar eggshell units are relatively closely arranged in radial view. According to these characteristics, we erect a new oogenus and a new oospecies: Duovallumoolithus shangdanensis oogen. et oosp. nov. The new discovery expands the diversity of Faveoloolithidae.  相似文献   

Petrogenesis and Tectonic Significance of the Three‐Period Porphyries from the Daruoluolong Cu (Au) Deposit,Tibet, China     

GAO Ke  SONG Yang  LIU Zhibo  FANG Xiang  LI Faqiao  LI Haifeng 《《地质学报》英文版》2018,92(3):1267-1269

正Objective The Daruoluolong deposit is the first high-grade Cu(Au)deposit discovered in the middle section of the Bangonghu-Nujiang(herein after referred to as Ban-Nu)metallogenic belt,which has not been documented about previously.This deposit is located in Shuanghu County of northern Tibet,and its geotectonic position belongs to the  相似文献   

Ore-forming Fluid and Mineral Source of the Hongshi Copper Deposit in the Kalatage Area, East Tianshan, Xinjiang, NW China   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

YU Mingjie  WANG Jingbin  MAO Qigui  FANG Tonghui  ZHANG Rui 《《地质学报》英文版》2018,92(5):1769-1783

The Hongshi copper deposit is located in the middle of the Kalatage ore district in the northern segment of the Dananhu-Tousuquan island-arc belt in East Tianshan, Xinjiang, NW China. This study analyses the fluid inclusions and H, O, and S stable isotopic compositions of the deposit. The fluid-inclusion data indicate that aqueous fluid inclusions were trapped in chalcopyrite-bearing quartz veins in the gangue minerals. The homogenization temperatures range from 108°C to 299°C, and the salinities range from 0.5% to 11.8%, indicating medium to low temperatures and salinities. The trapping pressures range from 34.5 MPa to 56.8 MPa. The δ18OH2O values and δD values of the fluid range from ?6.94‰ to ?5.33‰ and from ?95.31‰ to ?48.20‰, respectively. The H and O isotopic data indicate that the ore-forming fluid derived from a mix of magmatic water and meteoric water and that meteoric water played a significant role. The S isotopic composition of pyrite ranges from 1.9‰ to 5.2‰, with an average value of 3.1‰, and the S isotopic composition of chalcopyrite ranges from ?0.9‰ to 4‰, with an average value of 1.36‰, implying that the S in the ore-forming materials was derived from the mantle. The introduction of meteoric water decreased the temperature, volatile content, and pressure, resulting in immiscibility. These factors may have been the major causes of the mineralization of the Hongshi copper deposit. Based on all the geologic and fluid characteristics, we conclude that the Hongshi copper deposit is an epithermal deposit.  相似文献   

微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定海泡石中的稀土元素   总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0  

张楠  徐铁民  吴良英  魏双  方蓬达  王家松 《岩矿测试》2018,37(6):644-649

海泡石是一种纤维状含水的富镁硅酸盐黏土矿,其中的稀土元素含量在1×10~(-7)～1×10~(-5)之间,目前还没有建立海泡石中稀土元素的国家标准分析方法。测定岩石中的稀土元素主要是采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS),样品前处理一般采用封闭溶矿和碱熔,但这两种处理方法耗时较长,效率不高。本文通过比较硝酸-氢氟酸-过氧化氢、硝酸-氢氟酸、硝酸-过氧化氢三种样品前处理方法,确定使用硝酸-氢氟酸溶矿,然后进行微波消解同时赶去氢氟酸,避免氢氟酸与稀土元素生成难溶的氟化物,再采用ICP-MS法测定15种稀土元素的含量。由于海泡石中的镁含量较高,为降低基体效应,以~(103)Rh和~(185)Re作内标补偿基体效应和校正灵敏度漂移,各元素测定值的准确性显著提高,回收率为91. 2%～110. 9%,检出限为0. 002～0. 011μg/L,精密度≤2. 79%。本方法与封闭酸溶ICP-MS法的分析结果吻合较好,且用酸量少(7 mL),溶矿效率高(1 h),检出限更低。  相似文献