链霉素对海洋微藻的毒物刺激效应   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

黄健  宫相忠  唐学玺  李永祺 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2000,30(4):642-644

实验选用链霉素对六种海洋微藻进行实验 ,发现六种海洋微藻普遍对链霉素具有抗性。其中只有角毛藻和三角褐指藻在实验范围内 (0～ 50 0 mg/ L)测到了 72 h的半抑制浓度 ,EC50 分别为346 mg/ L和 4 4 5mg/ L。其它四种均未测到。而且当链霉素浓度为 30 mg/ L时 ,对六种海洋微藻普遍具有生长刺激效应 ,即毒物刺激效应。  相似文献   

丙溴磷对二种海洋微藻的GPx活性及GSH、CAR含量的影响   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

谢荣  唐学玺  李永祺  王悠 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2000,30(4)

实验以三角褐指藻和青岛大扁藻为材料 ,进行了丙溴磷农药对海洋微藻的抗氧化防御系统成份— GPx(glutatione Peroxidase)活性和 GSH(glutathione)、CAR(carotinoid)含量的影响研究 ,结果表明 ,在丙溴磷胁迫下 ,微藻的 GPx活性呈现下降趋势 ,GSH和 CAR含量也表现为下降趋势 ,并且胁迫的时间越长、胁迫的强度越大它们下降的幅度也越大。因此微藻细胞对抗氧化防御系统的能力被削弱 ,从而可能导致活性氧在体内的过量产生与积累 ,进而对藻细胞造成更大的伤害。  相似文献   

Photosynthetic response of floating Ulva prolifera to diurnal changes of in-situ environments on the sea surface     

ZHAO Xinyu  TANG Xuexi  HU Shunxin  ZHONG Yi  QU Tongfei  WANG Ying 《海洋湖沼学报（英文）》2019,(2):589-599

During yellow sea green tide outbreak, the thalli of Ulva prolifera drifted more than 350 km on the sea surface from off shore of Jiangsu Province to Qingdao city, where they were exposed to complex changes of local environments. The purpose of this study is to investigate the response of the thalli to diurnal changes of environments on the sea surface, and a sea surface environment simulator (SSES) was designed to simulate the natural environment of floating U . prolifera mat. A control experiment is designed in the laboratory, which was processed under suitable conditions (20°C for temperature, 72 μmol photons/(m 2 ·s) for light intensity and 30 for salinity), and an in-situ research was conducted to study the photosynthetic responses of floating U . prolifera to diurnal changes of environments. The results show that the photosynthetic efficiency of the thalli decreased gradually with time, and decreased rapidly after 14:00 local time (LT). After exposed to the environment on the sea surface for 6 h, the photosynthetic activity of the thalli decreased significantly. Furthermore, physiological-level and molecular-level experiments revealed that non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), cyclic electron flow (CEF) and energy redistribution between PSI and PSII all played an important role in the strong photosynthetic plasticity of U . prolifera . NPQ is the most important photoprotective responses to environmental changes before 12:00 LT. The results also confirmed that the CEF and energy redistribution between PSI and PSII are the main synergistic eff ects for the thalli to adapt to the environmental changes when the process NPQ cannot work. And the result can further reveal the reason why U . prolifera can adapt to the living condition of long distance drift on the sea surface. The findings of this research could provide a theoretical basis for explaining outbreaks of the green tide and instructing the management of the problem.  相似文献   

A density-based approach for detecting network-constrained clusters in spatial point events     

Min Deng  Xuexi Yang  Jianya Gong  Yang Liu  Huimin Liu 《International journal of geographical information science》2019,33(3):466-488

Existing spatial clustering methods primarily focus on points distributed in planar space. However, occurrence locations and background processes of most human mobility events within cities are constrained by the road network space. Here we describe a density-based clustering approach for objectively detecting clusters in network-constrained point events. First, the network-constrained Delaunay triangulation is constructed to facilitate the measurement of network distances between points. Then, a combination of network kernel density estimation and potential entropy is executed to determine the optimal neighbourhood size. Furthermore, all network-constrained events are tested under a null hypothesis to statistically identify core points with significantly high densities. Finally, spatial clusters can be formed by expanding from the identified core points. Experimental comparisons performed on the origin and destination points of taxis in Beijing demonstrate that the proposed method can ascertain network-constrained clusters precisely and significantly. The resulting time-dependent patterns of clusters will be informative for taxi route selections in the future.  相似文献   

Ingestion of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Brachionus plicatilis</Emphasis> under different microalgae conditions     

周文礼  唐学玺  乔秀亭  王悠  王仁君  冯蕾 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2009,27(3):473-479

The effects of four microalgae,Chlorella vulgaris,Platymonas helgolandicavar,Isochrysis galbana,and Nitzschia closterium on the grazing and filtering rates of the marine rotifer,Brachionus plicatilis,were evaluated under laboratory conditions.The grazing rates in separate cultures of the four microalga were as follows:C.vulgaris > P.helgolandicavar > I.galbana > N.closterium.However,the filtering rates occurred in the following order:P.helgolandicavar > N.closterium > C.vulgaris > I.galbana.A mixed diets ex...  相似文献   

利用TRMM/TMI资料反演青藏高原中部土壤湿度   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

赵逸舟  马耀明  黄镇  袁铁  胡晓  李英  马伟强 《高原气象》2007,26(5):952-957

用辐射传输理论提出的地表微波辐射极化指数PI的定义,分别指出了PI对土壤湿度、地面粗糙度、植被层和大气层的影响。用热带降水测量(TRMM—Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission)卫星上携带的微波辐射仪(TMI—TRMM Microwave Imager)的1B11的6年亮温数据,统计得到青藏高原中部地区PI值月平均分布。并用归一化距平,反演得到了该区域年、季以及干湿季土壤湿度变化的空间图像。结果表明,PI距平分布图可以很好地表征土壤湿度的变化,从而为大尺度评估高原土壤湿度变化提供了理论依据。另外,在同一时间段内,在已知区域平均PI值与平均土壤湿度的条件下,用归一化距平的方法可以定量反演该区域的土壤湿度。  相似文献   

胶州湾沉积物中有机硫来源及成因机制的研究     

黄香利  朱茂旭  陈良进  李铁 《海洋学报》2014,36(6):50-57

有机硫是海洋沉积物中重要的硫形态,其中成岩有机硫对有机质保存和微量元素形态具有重要影响。利用化学提取及硫稳定同位素研究了胶州湾沉积物中碱可提取的腐殖酸硫(HA-S)、富里酸硫(FA-S)以及铬不可还原有机硫(non-CROS)的垂直分布、来源及形成机制。结果表明,non-CROS、HA-S以及FA-S的含量范围分别为19.1~52.6、3.35~7.82和27.3~38.6μmol/g,均处于其他许多近海沉积物中含量的低值区,且3者均为海洋生物有机硫和成岩有机硫的混合物。HA-S和nonCROS以海洋生物有机硫为主,其份数分别为65%~68%和67%~77%,而FA-S则以成岩有机硫为主(54%~73%)。相对于生物有机硫,成岩有机硫更易被碱和酸性Cr(Ⅱ)溶液提取,因此腐殖质硫和non-CROS都不能全面反映沉积物中有机硫的组成和来源。黄铁矿和腐殖质中成岩有机硫含量随深度的同步增加表明黄铁矿形成并未明显地竞争性抑制有机质硫化。  相似文献   

中肋骨条藻和新月菱形藻对营养盐的吸收速率及环境因素影响的研究   总被引：15，自引：4，他引：15  

李铁  史致丽  仇赤斌  王巧玲 《海洋与湖沼》1999,30(6):640-645

于１９９５年３月－－１９９６年１月,通过实验室模拟培养,研究了中肋骨条菏和新月菱形藻对磷酸盐和硝酸盐的吸收速率,以及温度、光照等环境因素对新月菱形藻吸收磷酸盐的影响。结果表明,用Ｍｉｃｈａｅｌｉｓ－Ｍｅｎｔｏｎ方程处理,求得中肋骨条藻和新月菱形藻吸收磷酸盐的半饱和常数分别为０．６１μｍｏｌ／Ｌ和０．４８μｍｏｌ／Ｌ,吸收硝酸半饱和常数分别为７．８μｍｏｌ／Ｌ和６．０μｍｏｌ／Ｌ,新月菱形藻对磷酸盐  相似文献   

蒽胁迫对2种海洋微藻的毒性效应     

田继远  唐学玺  于娟  王晨  刘文明 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2002,32(6):919-925

采用水生毒理学方法以及通过分析蒽对 2种海洋微藻的几种生理生化指标的影响 ,初步研究了蒽胁迫对 2种海洋微藻的毒性效应。结果表明 :随着蒽浓度的不断增大 ,1 2种海洋微藻的相对增长率逐渐降低 ,叶绿素 a和类胡萝卜素含量稍有下降 ,蒽对小新月菱形藻生长的 72 h· EC50为 2 51μg· L-1 ,蒽对亚心形扁藻生长的 72 h· EC50 为 387μg· L-1 ;2还原型谷胱甘肽 (GSH)含量逐渐降低 ;3加入外源性抗氧化剂 (GSH和甘露醇 )可缓解蒽胁迫所造成的 2种海洋微藻的细胞密度的降低 ,即可缓解蒽胁迫对微藻的毒害作用  相似文献   

苜蓿转化细胞系核酸和蛋白质合成的研究     

谢经良  唐学玺 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2003,33(2):249-252

以苜蓿转化细胞系和对照细胞系为材料 ,利用同位素标志方法研究了 3种大分子物质——DNA、RNA和蛋白质的合成动态。结果表明 ,与对照细胞系相比 ,转化细胞系的生长速度明显加快 ,DNA、RNA和蛋白质的合成旺盛 ,合成速度显著提高。同时 ,转化细胞系 DNA、RNA和蛋白质出现最大合成速度的时间均相应地延迟。  相似文献