Study on the relationship between geothermal exploitation and seismic activity in Xi’an region     

Wu Fu-chun  Song Li-sheng  Zhu Xing-guo  Wang Feng  Jing Bei-ke  Dong Xing-hong  Fang Wei  Zuo Yong-qing 《地震学报(英文版)》2001,14(4):434-439

Based on the analysis of the induced earthquakes in China and abroad, we get some ideas about earthquakes induced by pumping water out of a well or injecting water into a well. The induced earthquakes usually occur near the well, and they are generally small earthquakes. The earthquake sources are shallow, and they belong to the main shock-after shock type of earthquake or the swarm-type of earthquake. The magnitude and the quantity of the induced earthquakes obviously depend on the pressure and the quantity of water pumped or injected. These earthquakes happen as soon as pumping or injecting occurrence, or after ten or twenty days, they may occur at the time of injecting mud or injecting high pressure water when a well is being drilled, or at the time when the ground water is being normally exploited. A large quantity of hot water has been exploited since 1990 in Xi’an, and the quantity of water exploited has been increasing year by year, as a result the groundwater level has been dropping with the water pumped out and the water level is high in summer and low in winter. The earthquakes in Xi’an region belong to the solitary-type and they spread outside Xi’an city where the wells are concentrated but no earthquake happens. The seismic frequency and the energy released have no relation with the quantity of water exploitation or the water level in the well. It is considered that geothermal exploitation does not induce earthquakes in and around Xi’an because of its specially geological condition. Foundation item: Project sponsored by the Landslide Office of Shaanxi Province and Society of Disaster Reduction of Shaanxi Province.  相似文献   

Neuro‐control of seismically excited steel structure through sensitivity evaluation scheme     

Dong‐Hyawn Kim  In‐Won Lee 《地震工程与结构动力学》2001,30(9):1361-1377

The neuro‐controller training algorithm based on cost function is applied to a multi‐degree‐of‐freedom system; and a sensitivity evaluation algorithm replacing the emulator neural network is proposed. In conventional methods, the emulator neural network is used to evaluate the sensitivity of structural response to the control signal. To use the emulator, it should be trained to predict the dynamic response of the structure. Much of the time is usually spent on training of the emulator. In the proposed algorithm, however, it takes only one sampling time to obtain the sensitivity. Therefore, training time for the emulator is eliminated. As a result, only one neural network is used for the neuro‐control system. In the numerical example, the three‐storey building structure with linear and non‐linear stiffness is controlled by the trained neural network. The actuator dynamics and control time delay are considered in the simulation. Numerical examples show that the proposed control algorithm is valid in structural control. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

A Special Orogenic-type Rare Earth Element Deposit in Maoniuping, Sichuan, China: Geology and Geochemistry   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

Denghong WANG  Jianmin YANG  Shenghao YAN  Jue XU  Yuchuan CHEN  Guangping PU  Yaonan LUO 《Resource Geology》2001,51(3):177-188

Abstract: The Maoniuping REE deposit is the second largest light rare earth elements deposit in China, explored recently in the northern Jinpingshan Mountains, a Cenozoic intracontinental orogenic belt in southwestern China. It is a vein-type deposit hosted within, and genetically related to, carbonatite-alkalic complex. Field investigation and new geochemical data of the carbonatites from the carbonatite-alkalic complex support an igneous origin for the Maoniuping carbonatites and related REE mineralization. Carbonatite itself carries rare earth elements which were enriched by hydrothermal solution.
It is known that most of the REE deposits related to carbonatite-alkalic complexes were formed in relatively stable tectonic setting such as cratonic or rifting environment. The Maoniuping deposit, however, was formed during the processes of Cenozoic orogeny. Although the Maoniuping deposit is located in the north sector of the Panxi paleo-rift zone, the rift had been closed before early Cenozoic and evolved into an intracontinental orogenic belt, i.e., the Jinpingshan Orogen, which was formed since later Mesozoic to early Cenozoic. Geochronological and geochemical data also prove that the Maoniuping REE deposit was formed in an intracontinental orogenic belt instead of rift system or stationary block.
The Maoniuping REE deposit is similar to the Mountain Pass REE deposit in many respects such as the high contents of bastnaesite and barite, the low content of niobium, and the common occurrence of sulfides. The discovery of the Maoniuping deposit and other REE deposits during the past two decades suggest a good potential for prospecting REE deposits along the alkalic complex belt located on the eastern side of the Qinghai–Xizang–West Sichuan Plateau.  相似文献   

高密度电法在湘西北岩溶石山区找水中的应用   总被引：15，自引：0，他引：15  

杨湘生 《湖南地质》2001,20(3):230-232,236

湘西北岩溶石山区地质构造复杂，岩溶发育且具分布不均匀性，找水难度大，为提高含水构造的异常分辨力，各种物探方法的优化组合中，以高密度电法在确定最佳井位方面发挥了重要作用，它采集的数据量大，对异常特征反映灵敏度高，在湘西北不同的岩溶水文系统中找水，取得了成功的范例。  相似文献   

水文水井抽水试验参数自动监测系统的研制与应用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

吴翔　张涛鄢泰宁  龚元明徐永齐 《探矿工程》2001,(4):43-44

将现代计算机检测技术与水文水井抽水试验相结合，开发研制了多参数自动监测系统，可对抽水试验中孔内水位、水温和出水量进行实时同步检测，该系统在实际工程中得到了应用与验证。介绍了该系统的组成、检测原理、主要性能参数及生产试验情况。  相似文献   

平凉“95．7．19”强对流风暴分析     

董彦雄  陈应元  沈成英 《干旱气象》1996,(2)

分析具有代表性的平凉局地强对流风暴过程，揭示了平凉发生强对流天气独特的地形因素。  相似文献   

塔里木北部地区岩石物性参数测试和区域层滑系统的确定   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7       下载免费PDF全文

孙岩  贾承造 《地球物理学报》1996,39(5):660-671

为了定量地研究塔里木北部地区区域的层次结构．拆离构造，特别是同油气地质、圈闭构造密切相关的沉积盖层中的层滑倾滑和推覆滑覆等各种构造的形成机制，对该区沉积盖层进行了较系统的岩石物性和岩石力学标本采集和测试（包括三轴参照实验）．依其参数结构特点和地质、物探资料，划分出４套７层区域性层滑系统，并与研究程度较高的中、下扬子区的物性参数、岩性组合和构造特征进行综合对比．最后还进一步阐明了塔里木北部地区特征的前列式冲断构造和含油气局部构造等，均受到这７层区域层滑系统的制约．  相似文献   

中国大陆地震(M_s≥6.0)震中与其发震断层距离的统计分析及其在确定潜在震源区边界中的应用     

胡银磊  张裕明  董瑞树  周本刚  冉洪流 《中国地震》1996,(2)

本文通过中国大陆地震(M≥6.0)震中与其发震断层的距离的统计与分析,认为该距离的分布基本上符合正态分布特征,并经拟合计算得到中国东部和西部地区不同类型断层上不同震级档的地震震中距离分布的期望值和方差。根据正态分布随机变量的区间估计方法,讨论了统计分析的结果在潜在震源区边界的确定、以及边界的不确定性评价中的应用。  相似文献   

伊舒断裂带南、北段震源参数研究          下载免费PDF全文

董瑞树  刘志平 《地震地质》1996,18(1):59-65

利用时间城小地震地震图的方法，研究了震源参数与介质特性的差异。据初步研究结果，伊通－舒兰断裂南、北两段的震源应力降与Ｑ值存在差异。该方法是断层的震源深度范围内介质特性研究的补充，为断裂的分段提供一个重要方法  相似文献   

大同盆地内砂板梁上断裂新活动及其力学实验模拟   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

董文忠  侯建军 《地震地质》1996,18(1):75-82

通过野外实地考察、野外现场力学实验及室内力学实验模拟断裂的新活动，来研究砂板梁新隆起的活动构造特征和类型。旨在从实验模拟与野外实践相结合的基础上，对活动构造，特别是对断裂新活动在第四纪松散沉积层中特殊的表现形式进行研究，寻找第四纪松散沉积层中断裂新活动的有效识别标志，这是准确判定断裂新活动的关键，对工程地质评价及区域性地震危险性分析有很好的实用价值  相似文献