新元古代极端冰期事件中生物避难所的环境条件     

胡军  程猛  陈欣阳  叶琴  安志辉  李超 《地质学报》2023,97(9):3075-3086

新元古代成冰纪(南华纪)(720～635 Ma)以全球性冰期事件而闻名。这次冰期事件对早期生命演化产生了显著影响,被认为是生命演化的“过滤器”和“瓶颈”。冰期前后生物对比表明生物演化并未中断,暗示冰期过程中存在生物避难所。扬子板块北缘神农架地区成冰系南沱组中发现了罕见的宏体藻类生物记录——宋洛生物群。为了探究成冰纪全球性冰期背景下,古环境与生物幸存之间的关系,本文对扬子北缘宋洛剖面和青林口剖面南沱组内含化石页岩层和不含化石泥岩层开展了元素地球化学对比研究。结果显示,不含化石泥岩层沉积于半咸水氧化环境,而含“宋洛生物群”化石的页岩层沉积于冰消期末期,当时海洋为正常盐度、次氧化状态,该地区具有相对温暖的气候条件。这可能为“宋洛生物群”在极端冰期下幸存并保存为化石提供了有利条件。该研究也表明新元古代极端冰期事件中的确存在适合复杂生命生存的避难所。  相似文献   

国土空间规划体系下地质文化村规划编制研究     

曾鑫  叶长盛  杨庆坤  郭福生  刘毅轩  刘勇  齐子瑞 《地质论评》2023,69(2):2023020029-2023020029

响应乡村振兴战略的地质文化村建设正如火如荼地开展,而地质文化村规划却滞后于地质文化村建设。实施乡村振兴战略要坚持规划先行,以地质文化村规划引领地质文化村建设是必要的。本研究将地质文化村规划定位为国土空间规划体系下的专项规划,并提出构建地质背景下的自然文化资源保护专项规划体系的建议。针对范围划定,提出了先划定地质资源范围,再综合划定地质文化村规划范围的方法。在比较分析地质文化村规划、地质公园规划、村庄规划主要内容的基础上,结合江西大洲塘地质文化村规划实践探索,提出地质文化村规划的15项主要内容,包括9项强制性内容和6项引导性内容。在规划内容中,注重突出地质产业、彰显地质特色、融入地学文化和衔接好空间规划。  相似文献   

国土空间规划体系下地质文化村规划编制研究     

曾鑫  叶长盛  杨庆坤  郭福生  刘毅轩  刘勇  齐子瑞 《地质论评》2023,69(3):1063-1074

响应乡村振兴战略的地质文化村建设正如火如荼地开展,而地质文化村规划却滞后于地质文化村建设。实施乡村振兴战略要坚持规划先行,以地质文化村规划引领地质文化村建设是必要的。本研究将地质文化村规划定位为国土空间规划体系下的专项规划,并提出构建地质背景下的自然文化资源保护专项规划体系的建议。针对范围划定,提出了先划定地质资源范围,再综合划定地质文化村规划范围的方法。在比较分析地质文化村规划、地质公园规划、村庄规划主要内容的基础上,结合江西大洲塘地质文化村规划实践探索,提出地质文化村规划的15项主要内容,包括9项强制性内容和6项引导性内容。在规划内容中,注重突出地质产业、彰显地质特色、融入地学文化和衔接好空间规划。  相似文献   

青藏高原东构造结林芝地热田浅部典型电性结构及热储关系     

李栋  祝杰  叶高峰  金胜  董浩  魏文博 《地质论评》2023,69(5):2023050018-2023050018

约40 Ma以来,受控于印度板块的俯冲及后期演化,青藏高原喜马拉雅山系东构造结成为了板块活动最强烈的地区之一;由于深部动力学过程中的浅表响应,该地区地热资源极为丰富。笔者等通过对两条音频大地电磁（AMT）测线进行数据处理与分析,查明了测点覆盖区域范围内二维电性结构及主要存在的深大断裂。依据电性结构推测研究区地下1 km深度范围内可分为4层,浅部低阻层为松散砂泥卵石层,下伏的中阻为砾卵石层,其下的低阻为砂岩、板岩、页岩强风化层,最底部的中高阻层推测为古元古界林芝岩群真巴岩组以片岩、花岗岩为主的地层。结合以往大地电磁测深及地震研究发现的地下10~20 km存在大规模近东西向展布且向上延伸熔融流变导致的低速高导体,推测可能是该地区深部热源所在。进一步通过对深部及浅部电阻率模型的综合对比研究,基于地热地质背景、电性结构特征,探讨了该地区的深部热源及热储关系。  相似文献   

Metallogenic Age and Ore-forming Material Sources of the Dahongshan Fe-Cu Deposit, Yunnan Province: Insights from Molybdenite Re-Os Dating and H-O-S-Pb Isotopes     

YE Zifeng  YANG Guangshu  YU Wenxiu  CHEN Aibing  JIA Fuju 《《地质学报》英文版》2023,97(6):1698-1718

The Dahongshan Fe-Cu (-Au) deposit is a superlarge deposit in the Kangdian metallogenic belt, southwestern China, comprising approximately 458 Mt of Fe ores (40% Fe) and 1.35 Mt Cu. Two main types of Fe-Cu (-Au) mineralization are present in the Dahongshan deposit: (1) early submarine volcanic exhalation and sedimentary mineralization characterized by strata-bound fine-grained magnetite and banded Fe-Cu sulfide (pyrite and chalcopyrite) hosted in the Na-rich metavolcanic rocks; (2) late hydrothermal (-vein) type mineralization characterized by Fe-Cu sulfide veins in the hosted strata or massive coarse-grained magnetite orebodies controlled by faults. While previous studies have focused primarily on the early submarine volcanic and sedimentary mineralization of the deposit, data related to late hydrothermal mineralization is lacking. In order to establish the metallogenic age and ore-forming material source of the late hydrothermal (-vein) type mineralization, this paper reports the Re-Os dating of molybdenite from the late hydrothermal vein Fe-Cu orebody and H, O, S, and Pb isotopic compositions of the hydrothermal quartz-sulfide veins. The primary aim of this study was to establish the metallogenic age and ore-forming material source of the hydrothermal type orebody. Results show that the molybdenite separated from quartz-sulfide veins has a Re-Os isochron age of 831 ± 11 Ma, indicating that the Dahongshan Fe-Cu deposit experienced hydrothermal superimposed mineralization in Neoproterozoic. The molybdenite has a Re concentration of 99.7–382.4 ppm, indicating that the Re of the hydrothermal vein ores were primarily derived from the mantle. The δ34S values of sulfides from the hydrothermal ores are 2‰–8‰ showing multi-peak tower distribution, suggesting that S in the ore-forming period was primarily derived from magma and partially from calcareous sedimentary rock. Furthermore, the abundance of radioactive Pb increased significantly from ore-bearing strata to layered and hydrothermal vein ores, which may be related to the later hydrothermal transformation. The composition of H and O isotopes within the hydrothermal quartz indicates that the ore-forming fluid is a mixture of magmatic water and a small quantity of water. These results further indicate that the late hydrothermal orebodies were formed by the Neoproterozoic magmatic hydrothermal event, which might be related to the breakup of the Rodinia supercontinent. Mantle derived magmatic hydrothermal fluid extracted ore-forming materials from the metavolcanic rocks of Dahongshan Group and formed the hydrothermal (-vein) type Fe-Cu orebodies by filling and metasomatism.  相似文献   

江南钨矿带高家塝钨多金属矿床矿化分带特征及其指示意义   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

任康达  张达玉  叶龙翔  孟翔  易洪  黄家龙  万书文  周涛发 《矿床地质》2021,40(2):369-383

高家塝钨多金属矿床位于江南钨矿带北部.钨矿化发育在花岗闪长斑岩与黄柏岭组接触的矽卡岩及其两侧.从岩体向外将矿石划分为:花岗闪长斑岩中细脉浸染状白钨矿矿石(类型Ⅰ)、矽卡岩中浸染状白钨矿矿石(类型Ⅱ)、角岩中脉状白钨矿矿石(类型Ⅲ)3类.高家塝矿床不同类型矿石的白钨矿和磁黄铁矿电子探针(EPMA)分析结果显示,白钨矿w(Mo)从类型Ⅱ(w(Mo)=1.34％～1.40％)→类型Ⅲ(w(Mo)=0.01％～0.17％)→类型Ⅰ(w(Mo)<0.01％)降低.从类型Ⅰ→类型Ⅱ→类型Ⅲ,磁黄铁矿中Cu、Fe元素含量降低;Zn、Co、Ni含量增高.高家塝钨矿床形成白钨矿的成矿流体从类型Ⅱ→类型Ⅲ→类型Ⅰ,氧逸度降低;形成磁黄铁矿的早期石英-硫化物阶段,类型Ⅱ的成矿流体降温速率缓慢,类型Ⅰ和Ⅲ的成矿流体发生快速冷凝作用.区域对比研究显示,高家塝矿床为贫钼白钨矿矿床,形成于还原环境.  相似文献   

浙东南明矾石矿成矿环境浅析及找矿标志     

王磊  叶泽富  李伟  缪仁谷  韩振春 《地质论评》2021,67(Z1):67z1189-67z1190

  相似文献   

西南天山复杂地层绳索取心钻探跑钻事故处理方法          下载免费PDF全文

裴森龙  李博  侯朝勇  蔡厚安  李高  叶雷 《探矿工程》2021,48(8):53-58

新疆西南天山萨尔干矿区地层极其破碎复杂,近年来施工的钻孔多全孔破碎、漏失,钻进过程中时有掉块、卡钻、钻孔坍塌等现象发生,严重时发生孔内事故,施工难度较大。本文结合该区一例钻孔施工案例,介绍了破碎复杂地层取心钢丝绳断裂导致岩心内管脱落,进而引发严重跑钻事故的处理过程以及注意事项。结合现场事故情况,通过导向扩孔钻进等方法有效地处理了该起复杂事故,使钻孔得以顺利终孔,取得了所需地质资料,挽回了经济损失。  相似文献   

四川盆地大气层中矿物颗粒-甲苯-Cr³⁺耦合规律模拟研究     

叶海燕  董发勤  边亮  何辉超 《岩石矿物学杂志》2021,40(5):1001-1009

四川盆地大气层具有湿度高和流通性弱的特征,冬春低温季节易形成雾霾。本文着重构建了低温高湿条件下的石英、方解石纳米颗粒与甲苯、Cr~(3+)共存体系,系统测试了石英、方解石颗粒与甲苯、Cr~(3+)耦合前后Zeta电位值、胶体粒径及团聚形态、亲疏水性的变化趋势,以模拟研究四川盆地低温高湿静稳大气环境中矿物颗粒、有机物、重金属离子之间的耦合作用规律。研究发现:甲苯、Cr~(3+)与石英、方解石之间存在显著的成键耦合作用,甲苯、Cr~(3+)存在时会大幅度降低高湿度环境中石英、方解石颗粒的Zeta电位值,增大两种矿物颗粒在低温条件下的活跃度; Cr~(3+)可通过静电作用力,促使石英、方解石颗粒在高湿度环境中形成粒径更大的团聚状胶体;甲苯吸附在石英和方解石颗粒表面会增强其疏水性,减弱高湿度水分对矿物胶体稳定性的侵扰。上述有关石英/方解石颗粒、甲苯、Cr~(3+)在低温高湿条件下的界面成键耦合作用规律发现,对理解四川盆地雾霾形成机制有积极的启发意义。  相似文献   

中国HY-2卫星雷达高度计有效波高真实性检验   总被引：9，自引：5，他引：4  

YE Xiaomin  LIN Mingsen  XU Ying 《海洋学报(英文版)》2015,34(5):60-67

Chinese Haiyang-2(HY-2) satellite is the first Chinese marine dynamic environment satellite. The dual-frequency(Ku and C band) radar altimeter onboard HY-2 has been working effective to provide operational significant wave height(SWH) for more than three years(October 1, 2011 to present).We validated along-track Ku-band SWH data of HY-2 satellite against National Data Buoy Center(NDBC) in-situ measurements over a time period of three years from October 1, 2011 to September 30, 2014, the root mean square error(RMSE) and mean bias of HY-2SWH is 0.38 m and(–0.13±0.35) m, respectively. We also did cross validation against Jason-2 altimeter SWH data,the RMSE and the mean bias is 0.36 m and(–0.22±0.28) m, respectively. In order to compare the statistical results between HY-2 and Jason-2 satellite SWH data, we validated the Jason-2 satellite radar altimeter along-track Ku-band SWH data against NDBC measurements using the same method. The results demonstrate the validation method in this study is scientific and the RMSE and mean bias of Jason-2 SWH data is 0.26 m and(0.00±0.26) m,respectively. We also validated both HY-2 and Jason-2 SWH data every month, the mean bias of Jason-2 SWH data almost equaled to zero all the time, while the mean bias of HY-2 SWH data was no less than –0.31 m before April2013 and dropped to zero after that time. These results indicate that the statistical results for HY-2 altimeter SWH are reliable and HY-2 altimeter along-track SWH data were steady and of high quality in the last three years. The results also indicate that HY-2 SWH data have greatly been improved and have the same accuracy with Jason-2SWH data after April, 2013. SWH data provided by HY-2 satellite radar altimeter are useful and acceptable for ocean operational applications.  相似文献