Multi-scale heterogeneity of soil moisture following snow thawing in Haloxylon ammodendron shrubland     

LI Jun  ZHAO ChenYi  ZHU Hong  WANG Feng  WANG LiJuan  KOU SiYong 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2007,50(Z1):49-55

Spatial variation of soil moisture after snow thawing in South Gurbantunggut was quantitatively studied using ANOVA and geostatistics at various scales. The results show that the soil moisture heterogeneity varies along with spatial scales. At the shrub individual scale, there is a gradient in soil moisture from shrub-canopied area to canopy margin and to the interspaces between shrubs. At the community scale, soil moisture is highly autocorrelated and the semivariogram is fitted as spherical model, with an 89.6% structural variance and a range of 4.02 m. In addition, Kringing map indicates that the soil moisture distribution pattern after snow thawing is highly consistent with the shrub patch pattern. At the typical inter-dune transect scale, soil moisture presents a pattern of high value at inter-dune depression and low value at dune, and this variation is fitted as Gaussian model with a structural variance of 95.8% and a range of 66.16 m. The range is comparable with the scale of topography zoning, suggesting that the topography pattern controls the pattern of snowmelt at this scale. The evidence indicates that the heterogeneity of soil moisture at various scales is controlled by various land surface processes after snow thawing. For Gurbantunggut Desert, the spatial heterogeneity of snowmelt at various scales is ecologically valuable, because it promotes the utilization efficiency of the snowmelt for the desert vegetation.  相似文献   

The mean value concept in mono-linear regression of multi-variables and its application to trace studies in geosciences   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

A J T JULL 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2007,50(12):1828-1834

The "mean value concept" in a mono-linear regression of multi-variables is clarified.Its applications to reconstruction of the past 90-year salinity of the sea surface water in Xisha Islands and to tracing the past 80 ka paleo-geomagnetic events from the Luochuan loess 10Be record are introduced in detail,which show the significance and the potential of the "mean value concept" in geoscience research.  相似文献   

Application of <Superscript>137</Superscript>Cs fingerprinting technique to interpreting sediment production records from reservoir deposits in a small catchment of the Hilly Loess Plateau,China   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Zhang XinBao  Wen ZhongMing  Feng MingYi  Yang QinKe  Zheng JinJun 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2007,50(2):254-260

According to variations of 137Cs and clay contents, 44 flood couplets were identified in a profile of reservoir deposit with a vertical length of 28.12 m in the Yuntaishan Gully. Couplet 27 at the middle of the profile had the highest average 137Cs content of 12.65 Bq kg-1, which indicated the 1963s' deposits, then 137Cs content decreased both downward and upward in the profile. The second top and bottom couplets had average 137Cs contents of 2.15 Bq kg-1 and 0.92 Bq kg-1, respectively. By integrated analysis of reservoir construction and management history, variations of 137Cs contents over the profile, sediment yields of flood couplets and rainfall data during the period of 1958-1970, individual storms related to the flood couplets were identified. 44 floods with a total sediment yield of 2.36×104 m3 occurred and flood events in a year varied between 1 and 10 times during the period of 1960-1970. 7-10 flood events occurred during the wet period of 1961-1964 with very wet autumn, while only 1-2 events during the dry period of 1965-1969. Average annual specific sediment yield was 1.29×104 t km-2 a-1 for the Yuntaishan Gully during the period of 1960-1970, which was slightly higher than 1.11 ×104 t km-2 a-1 for the Upper Yanhe River Basin above the Ganguyi Hydrological Station and slightly lower than 1.40 ×104 t km-2 a-1 for the nearby Zhifang Gully during the same period. Annual specific sediment yields for the Yuntaishan Gully were correlated to the wet season's rainfalls well.  相似文献   

河南范县M_L4.7级地震的启示   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

冯建林  李德庆  秦建增  纪寿文  谢汝一 《震灾防御技术》2007,2(4):432-433

2006年4月9日,在河南省范县(35o40’N,115o24’E)发生ML4.7级地震,地震的宏观震中位于河南省范县的王楼乡、辛庄乡以及濮阳县的濮城镇,震中烈度Ⅴ度。地震的有感范围较大,南起山东省的曹县,北至河北省的大名,西起河南省的濮阳县,东到山东省的郓城县,总面积大约10000余km2。地震虽然没有造成人员伤亡,但是却使许多没有抗震性能的农村房屋和校舍遭到严重破坏,  相似文献   

Geochemical anomalies of hydrothermal plume at EPR 13°N     

WANG XiaoYuan  ZENG ZhiGang  LIU ChangHua  YIN XueBo  YU ShaoXiong  YUAN ChunWei  ZHANG GuoLiang  WANG XiaoMei 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2007,50(9)

  相似文献   

洪涝灾害遥感救援系统     

冯锐  张玉书 《气象》2002,28(12):47-50

利用NOAA／AVHRR气象卫星实时监测到的洪涝灾害数据与GIS技术结合，以地理信息系统软件ArcView3.1为依托建立洪涝灾害遥感救援系统。在洪涝灾害发生时，依托本系统的数据库能快速、准确地提供通往淹没区的最佳救援路径，可快速地到达受灾区域，进行人员财产抢救及救援物资输送，为宏观决策提供了科学的依据。  相似文献   

基于特征的城市交通网络非平面数据库的实现   总被引：18，自引：0，他引：18  

陆锋  周成虎  万庆 《测绘学报》2002,31(2):182-186

针对基于特征的GIS及交换网络分析对数据结构的要求，着重讨论了如何建立基于交通网络特征的非平面拓扑，以改进地理分层－关系表设计方法及平面图弧段－节点数据结构在交通网络描述中的不足之处，并通过面向对象的方法、动态分段技术和关系表指针操作，结合实例描述了基于完整交通特征的非平面数据库的实现方法。  相似文献   

带权约束参数平差在工程控制网优化中的应用     

鲍峰  程效军 《测绘学报》2002,31(Z1):73-76

介绍用带权约束平差原理编制的工程控制网试验修正法设计和平差程序,并用于设计工程导线和平差变形观测控制网等实际工程的例子,据此提供一些结论和建议.  相似文献   

不同尺度条件下的土壤侵蚀实验监测及模型研究   总被引：11，自引：1，他引：11       下载免费PDF全文

唐政洪  蔡强国  许峰  朱远达 《水科学进展》2002,13(6):781-787

土壤侵蚀的实验和监测是获取水土流失资料的重要手段,土壤侵蚀模型研究是水土保持规划、管理的重要内容。本文对点、小区、田间和坡面、流域及区域尺度条件下的土壤侵蚀的实验和监测研究进行了综述,分析了当前国际上实验研究和监测研究的侧重点及其不足;并对当前国际上土壤侵蚀模型的总体发展趋势进行了评述,特别分析了这些模型在全球气候变化背景下的作用;最后对当前土壤侵蚀、试验及检测研究作出展望。  相似文献   

塔里木盆地西南地区油气勘探回顾与展望     

刘楼军  袁文贤 《新疆地质》2002,20(Z1):1-5

塔里木盆地西南地区经历了数十年的油气勘探,大致可分为4个阶段.通过工作对盆地的基本地质问题有所认识,但油气勘探尚未获得实质性突破.难点主要是山前冲断带资料差,斜坡带圈闭识别难度大,基础研究较为薄弱,成为制约油气勘探最重要的因素.从该区地质条件与邻区对比分析,认为具有较好的油气勘探前景,山前冲断带和斜坡带具备富集油气的基本条件,是油气勘探的主攻方向.  相似文献