雅浦海沟南缘铁锰结核矿物与地球化学特征及其成因研究     

田举  徐继尚  李广雪  刘明  庄自贤  来志庆  张洋  李舒豪 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2019,(8):75-84

本文采用X射线衍射、全岩地球化学和电子探针等测试方法,对雅浦海沟南部附近海域获得的铁锰结核样品进行了显微构造、矿物和地球化学分析,并探讨了其成因。结果表明:铁锰结核的显微构造主要包括平行纹层构造、柱状构造、叠层状构造和同心环状构造;显微构造和探针结果显示铁锰结核在生长初期处于底部海洋动力比较强烈的环境,后期生长环境逐渐趋于稳定;铁锰结核的矿物组分以水羟锰矿、钠水锰矿、石英和钙十字石为主;样品中Fe、Mn元素含量较高且含量比较接近,Cu、Co、Ni和REE相对富集,REE分布模式整体比较平缓并都出现较强的Ce正异常和重稀土元素亏损现象;文中两块铁锰结核都为水成成因,成矿物质主要来自同期的海水沉淀,同时也受一定海底火山物质和陆源风尘物质的影响。  相似文献   

高通量测序分析北仑河口红树林潮间带底栖真核生物分布          下载免费PDF全文

吴鹏  时小军  吕向立  高阳  李海涛  张敬怀 《应用海洋学学报》2019,38(2):232-238

为了解红树林不同潮位沉积物中底栖真核生物群落分布,基于18S rRNA基因采用高通量测序方法分析了广西北仑河口陆缘、林中和海缘3个潮位红树林沉积物中底栖生物群落结构。结果表明,北仑河口潮间带红树林沉积物中底栖生物多样性丰富,Shannon-Wiener指数变化范围在6. 08～6. 73之间; PCA分析表明潮间带中底栖生物群落差异较大,陆缘红树林中扁形动物、节肢动物和软体动物相对丰度较高,林中区域中纤毛虫、环节动物和轮虫相对丰度较高,海缘红树林中硅藻相对丰度较高;红树林中主要OTUs有桡足类的太平洋纺锤水蚤(Acartia pacifica)、硅藻类的海链藻(Thalassiosira sp.)、纤毛虫类的前管虫(Prorodon teres)、多毛类的小头虫(Capitella sp.)。高通量测序方法能较全面反映红树林区微型/小型底栖生物群落,研究结果为丰富红树林底栖生物群落研究和解析底栖生物在红树林生态系统发挥的作用提供基础数据。  相似文献   

Isolation of protein from Chlorella sorokiniana CY1 using liquid biphasic flotation assisted with sonication through sugaring-out effect     

CHIA Shir Reen  CHEW Kit Wayne  SHOW Pau Loke  SIVAKUMAR Manickam  LING Tau Chuan  TAO Yang 《海洋湖沼学报（英文）》2019,(3):898-908

Microalgae,a sustainable source of multi beneficial components has been discovered and could be utilised in pharmaceutical,bioenergy and food applications.This study aims to investigate the sugaring-out effect on the recovery of protein from wet green microalga,Chlorella sorokiniana CY1 which was assisted with sonication.A comparison of monosaccharides and disaccharides as one of the phaseforming constituents shows that the monosaccharides,glucose was the most suitable sugar in forming the phases with acetonitrile to enhance the production of protein(52% of protein).The protein productivity of microalgae was found to be significantly influenced by the volume ratio of both phases,as the yield of protein increased to 77%.The interval time between the sonication as well as the sonication modes were influencing the protein productivity as well.The optimum protein productivity was obtained with 10s of resting time in between sonication.Pulse mode of sonication was suitable to break down the cell wall of microalgae compared to continuous mode as a lower protein yield was obtained with the application of continuous mode.The optimum condition for protein extraction were found as followed:200g/L glucose as bottom phase with volume ratio of 1:1.25,10s of resting time for ultrasonication,5s of ultrasonication in pulse mode and 0.25g of biomass weight.The high yield of protein about 81% could be obtained from microalgae which demonstrates the potential of this source and expected to play an important role in the future.  相似文献   

融合三边测量和PDR的室内定位关键技术分析及应用     

陈鹏  廖明  刘武平  呙维  宋杨 《测绘通报》2019,(2):17-21

随着无线室内定位技术的发展,室内定位效果有了明显提升,但仅采用无线定位方法,定位点跳动频繁,定位效果较差,难以获取连续位置的准确定位。实际应用中不同的硬件平台也会影响具体定位方法的选择,通常需采用多种技术手段的组合以达到理想定位效果。本文基于微信公众平台的服务需要,提出了一种基于三边测量定位和步行者航位推算（PDR）融合的室内定位方法,通过地图信息匹配纠正定位结果,得到连续稳定的定位结果;并集成室内地图可视化技术,研发了一套基于微信平台的三维室内定位系统,在实际工程场景中进行应用,具有较好的定位效果。  相似文献   

机载激光点云中高压电塔自动识别方法   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

刘洋  杨必胜  梁福逊 《测绘通报》2019,(1):34-38

提出了一种基于格网特征的机载激光点云高压电塔自动识别方法。首先对机载激光点云数据进行滤波去噪处理;然后对点云数据进行规则格网化特征分析获得高压电塔粗识别区域;最后对粗识别区域进行外接邻域网格线性特征悬空点集检测以确定电塔识别结果,并以分层切片法分析获取电塔平面中心坐标。采用大型无人机实际线路巡检获取的机载点云数据对本文算法进行验证,试验结果表明本算法可实现高压电塔的快速自动识别,对无人机电力巡检智能诊断具有一定的促进作用。  相似文献   

Improved Priority‐Flood method for depression filling by redundant calculation optimization in local micro‐relief areas     

Li‐Yang Xiong  Ru‐Qiao Jiang  Qing‐Hui Lu  Bi‐Sheng Yang  Fa‐Yuan Li  Guo‐An Tang 《Transactions in GIS》2019,23(2):259-274

Depression filling is a critical step in distributed hydrological modeling using digital elevation models (DEMs). The traditional Priority‐Flood (PF) approach is widely used due to its relatively high efficiency when dealing with a small‐sized DEM. However, it seems inadequate and inefficient when dealing with large high‐resolution DEMs. In this work, we examined the relationship between the PF algorithm calculation process and the topographical characteristics of depressions, and found significant redundant calculations in the local micro‐relief areas in the conventional PF algorithm. As such calculations require more time when dealing with large DEMs, we thus propose a new variant of the PF algorithm, wherein redundant points and calculations are recognized and eliminated based on the local micro‐relief water‐flow characteristics of the depression‐filling process. In addition, depressions and flatlands were optimally processed by a quick queue to improve the efficiency of the process. The proposed method was applied and validated in eight case areas using the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission digital elevation model (SRTM‐DEM) with 1 arc‐second resolution. These selected areas have different data sizes. A comparative analysis among the proposed method, the Wang and Liu‐based PF, the improved Barnes‐based PF, the improved Zhou‐based PF, and the Planchon and Darboux (P&D) algorithms was conducted to evaluate the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed algorithm. The results showed that the proposed algorithm is 43.2% (maximum) faster than Wang and Liu's variant of the PF method, with an average of 31.8%. In addition, the proposed algorithm achieved similar performance to the improved Zhou‐based PF algorithm, though our algorithm has the advantage of being simpler. The optimal strategies using the proposed algorithm can be employed in various landforms with high efficiency. The proposed method can also achieve good depression filling, even with large amounts of DEM data.  相似文献   

Simulation of landscape spatial layout evolution in rural-urban fringe areas: a case study of Ganjingzi District   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Jun Yang  Andong Guo  Yonghua Li  Yuqing Zhang  Xueming Li 《地理信息系统科学与遥感》2019,56(3):388-405

In recent years, the rapid expansion of urban spaces has accelerated the mutual evolution of landscape types. Analyzing and simulating spatio-temporal dynamic features of urban landscape can help to reveal its driving mechanisms and facilitate reasonable planning of urban land resources. The purpose of this study was to design a hybrid cellular automata model to simulate dynamic change in urban landscapes. The model consists of four parts: a geospatial partition, a Markov chain (MC), a multi-layer perceptron artificial neural network (MLP-ANN), and cellular automata (CA). This study employed multivariate land use data for the period 2000–2015 to conduct spatial clustering for the Ganjingzi District and to simulate landscape status evolution via a divisional composite cellular automaton model. During the period of 2000–2015, construction land and forest land areas in Ganjingzi District increased by 19.43% and 15.19%, respectively, whereas farmland, garden lands, and other land areas decreased by 43.42%, 52.14%, and 75.97%, respectively. Land use conversion potentials in different sub-regions show different characteristics in space. The overall land-change prediction accuracy for the subarea-composite model is 3% higher than that of the non-partitioned model, and misses are reduced by 3.1%. Therefore, by integrating geospatial zoning and the MLP-ANN hybrid method, the land type conversion rules of different zonings can be obtained, allowing for more effective simulations of future urban land use change. The hybrid cellular automata model developed here will provide a reference for urban planning and policy formulation.  相似文献   

Semantic segmentation of high spatial resolution images with deep neural networks     

Haiping Yang  Jiancheng Luo  Fang Chen 《地理信息系统科学与遥感》2019,56(5):749-768

Availability of reliable delineation of urban lands is fundamental to applications such as infrastructure management and urban planning. An accurate semantic segmentation approach can assign each pixel of remotely sensed imagery a reliable ground object class. In this paper, we propose an end-to-end deep learning architecture to perform the pixel-level understanding of high spatial resolution remote sensing images. Both local and global contextual information are considered. The local contexts are learned by the deep residual net, and the multi-scale global contexts are extracted by a pyramid pooling module. These contextual features are concatenated to predict labels for each pixel. In addition, multiple additional losses are proposed to enhance our deep learning network to optimize multi-level features from different resolution images simultaneously. Two public datasets, including Vaihingen and Potsdam datasets, are used to assess the performance of the proposed deep neural network. Comparison with the results from the published state-of-the-art algorithms demonstrates the effectiveness of our approach.  相似文献   

Sentinel-1A SAR影像及其在矿区地面沉降监测中的应用研究     

李新  陶秋香  宋杨  罗莹玉  孙翠羽 《测绘与空间地理信息》2019,42(3):31-34,38

详细介绍了Sentinel-1A SAR影像数据的基本参数、工作模式、应用领域等。利用2016.11.09—2017.03.09的5景Sentinel-1A C波段SAR影像数据进行矿区地面沉降监测试验。基于SARscape利用双轨D-In SAR技术进行差分干涉处理,得到了研究区地面沉降分布图,直观地再现了研究区在2016.11.09—2017.03.09的沉降分布、沉降量级等。结果表明济宁某矿区在监测期间地面相对稳定,未有大面积和大量级的地面沉降发生,4个干涉对监测到的最大沉降都未超过3 cm。  相似文献   

基于Landsat遥感数据武汉地区植被覆盖度动态变化监测分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

韩富圆  王天明  孙阳 《测绘与空间地理信息》2019,42(4):90-92

旨在研究受人类经济活动影响的植被资源及其动态变化趋势的程度,采用基于归一化植被指数的像素二分模型,利用2002—2010年(武汉市每年8月)的卫星遥感数据,对武汉地区6年间的植被覆盖变化进行监测分析。结果表明,植被覆盖度变化与武汉GDP增长率有着紧密联系:2002—2007年,武汉经济较缓慢上升,植被覆盖度基本维持在55%左右;而2007—2008年武汉GDP总值增长率高达26.06%,但随之而来的是植被覆盖度由高峰期的61.68%下降到49.18%,是历年来的最低水准; 2008—2010年经济发展放缓,植被指数有小幅度回升。人类经济活动是影响植被资源的重要因素。  相似文献