Anisotropic Attenuation Compensated Reverse Time Migration of Pure qP-Wave in Transversely Isotropic Attenuating Media     

Qiao  Zhihao  Chen  Tongjun  Sun  Chengyu 《Surveys in Geophysics》2022,43(5):1435-1467

Surveys in Geophysics - The absorption (anelastic attenuation) and anisotropy properties of subsurface media jointly affect the seismic wave propagation and the quality of migration imaging....  相似文献   

Effect of thermal treatment on physical and mechanical properties of sandstone for thermal energy storage: a comprehensive experimental study     

Hao  Jiawang  Qiao  Lan  Liu  Zhiyi  Li  Qingwen 《Acta Geotechnica》2022,17(9):3887-3908

Acta Geotechnica - Natural rock is considered a solution for thermal energy storage (TES). comprehensive understanding of the effect of high temperature on the physical and mechanical properties of...  相似文献   

A predictive deep learning framework for path-dependent mechanical behavior of granular materials     

Ma  Gang  Guan  Shaoheng  Wang  Qiao  Feng  Y. T.  Zhou  Wei 《Acta Geotechnica》2022,17(8):3463-3478

As we transition into an era of data generation and collection, empirical summaries in the classical continuum modeling of granular materials cannot take full advantage of the increasingly larger data sets. This work presents a data-driven model for modeling granular materials, with the material data being extracted from discrete element method (DEM) simulations. A long short-term memory (LSTM) network is then employed to learn the mechanical behaviors of granular materials from the material dataset. Particular emphasis is placed on three elements: modification of LSTM unit cell, phase space sampling, and material history parameterization. The LSTM unit cell is modified so that the initial hidden state can be specified as the initial states of granular materials. Massive DEM simulations are performed to consider the effects of particle size distribution, initial density, confining pressure, and loading path on the mechanical behaviors of granular materials. The history-dependency of the granular materials is well represented by the architecture of the LSTM network and internal variable-based history parameterization. We compare the model predictions against DEM simulations to assess the performance of the proposed data-driven model. The results demonstrate that the model can predict the material behaviors of granular materials with different microstructures and initial states and reproduce the material responses under complex nonmonotonic loading paths. This data-driven model exhibits good generalization ability and high prediction accuracy in various situations.

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Thermodynamic transport mechanism of water freezing-thawing in the vadose zone in the alpine meadow of the Tibet Plateau          下载免费PDF全文

Qiao Gang  Yu Feng-dan  Wang Wen-ke  Zhang Jun  Chen Hua-qing 《地下水科学与工程》2022,10(3):302-310

High altitude, cold and dry climate, strong solar radiation, and high evapotranspiration intensity have created an extremely fragile ecological and geological environment on the Tibet Plateau. Since the heat in the vadose zone is primarily generated by the external solar radiation energy, and evapotranspiration is contingent on the consumption of vadose heat, the intensity of evapotranspiration is associated with the intensity of solar radiation and the heat budget in the vadose zone. However, the spatial and temporal variation of heat budget and thermodynamic transfer process of the vadose zone in the frigid region are not clear, which hinders the revelation of the dynamic mechanism of evapotranspiration in the vadose zone in the frigid region. With the moisture content of the vadose zone in the alpine regions being the research object, the paper conducts in-situ geothermal observation tests, takes meteorological characteristics into consideration, and adopts the method of geothermal gradient and numerical computation to analyse the temporal and spatial variation rule of heat budget and thermodynamic transmission process of the vadose zone in the high and cold regions. The results show there is a positive correlation between air temperature, ground temperature, and water content of the vadose zone in both thawing and freezing periods. According to the change law of geothermal gradient, the thermodynamic transfer process of the vadose zone has four stages: slow exothermic heating, fast endothermic melting, slow endothermic cooling, and fast exothermic freezing. From the surface down, the moisture freezing rate of the vadose zone is slightly higher than the melting rate. This is of great significance for understanding the evapotranspiration dynamic process of the vadose zone and protecting and rebuilding the ecological and geological environment in the high and cold regions.  相似文献   

Earth fissures in Qinglong Graben in Yuncheng Basin,China     

Jianwei Qiao  Jianbing Peng  Yahong Deng  Yanqiu Leng  Zhenjiang Meng 《Journal of Earth System Science》2018,127(1):10

Qinglong Graben is located in southeastern Yuncheng Basin, China flanked by two north-east trending normal faults, where the geological condition is favourable for generating earth fissures. Since 1978, five earth fissures have formed in Qinglong Gaben. In the present work, a series of geological investigation consisting of site investigation, geological drilling and trench excavation was used to characterise and determine the reasons for the formation of the earth fissures. The site investigation indicated that the trend of the five earth fissures are parallel to the general strike of the normal fault, i.e., geological drilling and trench studies revealed that syn-sedimentary fault is the key reason for the formation of the earth fissures. Additionally, over-exploitation of groundwater and erosion process are important factors in the development and expansion of the earth fissures in Qinglong Graben. The earth fissures forming process in Qinglong Graben can be divided into three stages: the regional extension first caused normal faults under the surface, and then the pumping action of excessive groundwater induced the normal faults propagate to the surface, and finally the erosion promoted the formation of the current earth fissure.  相似文献   

An examination of midwestern US cities’ preparedness for climate change and extreme hazards     

Qiao Hu  Zhenghong Tang  Martha Shulski  Natalie Umphlett  Tarik Abdel-Monem  Frank E. Uhlarik 《Natural Hazards》2018,90(2):777-801

Disasters continue to have a dramatic impact on lives, livelihoods and environments communities depend on. In response to these losses, the global community has developed various theories, assessment methodologies and policies aimed at reducing global losses. A contemporary outcome of these interventions is to build the disaster resilience. However, despite the disaster resilience-building endeavours espoused by policies, theories and methodologies, very little progress is being made in reducing disaster losses. This paper argues that a possible reason behind the limitations of current resilience-building policies and methodologies could be that most of these policies are based a mechanistic scientific paradigm that places an emphasis on system components that are perceived to build resilience and not the function of systems as a whole. This often leads to resilience-building initiatives that are based on a ‘one-size-fits-all’ approach. This paper argues for the use of a complex adaptive systems approach to building resilience. This approach argues that contextual factors within different social systems will have a nonlinear affect on disaster resilience-building efforts. Therefore, it is crucial to move away from ‘one-size-fits-all’ approaches to more flexible approaches to building resilience. These hypotheses are tested by means of a correlation statistical analysis of agricultural communities in Southern Africa. Results of this analysis indicate that unique resilience profiles are evident in almost all of the communities studied. This indicates that resilience is not the same for everybody, and that resilience-building endeavours should be flexible enough to be adapted for different contexts.  相似文献   

天山南坡清水河与阿拉沟流域径流变化特征及其对气候变化的响应     

李玉平  韩添丁  沈永平  蒲红铮 《冰川冻土》2018,40(1):127-135

依据1956-2012年天山南坡清水河流域的克尔古提水文站以及阿拉沟流域的阿拉沟水文站资料,采用Mann-Kendall非参数检验法和交叉小波变换法,分析了清水河与阿拉沟出山径流的趋势、突变、周期变化等特征,并进一步探讨了出山径流对气候变化的响应。结果表明：清水河与阿拉沟流域年径流量均呈上升趋势,其中1988年为径流突变年,该年前后年均径流变化态势不同,1988年以后径流升幅显著。同时,流域径流过程呈现多时间尺度的周期变化,以32 a以上大周期为主,2 a和8 a小周期变化为辅。因流域下垫面特征等差异,清水河出山径流对降水变化的响应程度强于阿拉沟,而阿拉沟出山径流对气温敏感性高于清水河。且受冰川径流调节作用与多年冻土退化的影响,阿拉沟径流过程对气温的滞后性强于清水河。  相似文献   

1961-2014年黄河源区蒸发皿蒸发量变化的多尺度特征及突变分析     

石明星  蓝永超  沈永平  田辉  王欣  喇承芳  马虎迎 《冰川冻土》2018,40(4):666-675

基于黄河源区相关气象站1961-2014年蒸发皿蒸发数据,利用线性倾向分析、滑动平均法、Mann-Kendall法等方法,对黄河源区各分区及整个源区蒸发皿蒸发量变化进行多尺度变化特征及突变分析。结果表明：近50余年来,空间上,黄河源区年平均蒸发量经历了从上游到下游先减小后增加的过程,季节蒸发量变化稍有差异;时间上,黄河源区季节及年平均蒸发量总体呈上升趋势,各分区略有差异,各分区及整个源区蒸发量年代际变化具有较好的一致性。各分区及整个黄河源区年平均及季节平均蒸发量突变点基本一致,均出现在2000年前后,且年与季节平均蒸发量在突变前均值大部分小于突变后的均值。位于源区下游的玛曲-兴海平均蒸发量发生突变的时间较早,且跳跃幅度较小,位于源区中游的达日-玛曲平均蒸发量发生突变的时间较晚,且跳跃幅度较大。对各气象因子的相关分析表明,影响源区年蒸发量变化的主要因子为平均温度。  相似文献   

西南天山喀什盆地新近纪沉积岩的岩石磁学研究          下载免费PDF全文

乔庆庆  黄宝春  唐祥德  程宛文 《地质科学》2015,(4):1235-1243

作为塔里木盆地新生代两大沉积中心之一的西南天山山前的喀什盆地, 新生代接受了超过10 km厚度的陆相沉积, 是新生代西南天山隆升变形及气候环境变化的最直接记录者。本文在喀什盆地东段的西克尔大山口剖面开展岩石磁学研究。通过详细的岩石磁学分析可知, 地层中的主要载磁矿物为赤铁矿, 同时含有一定量的磁铁矿。岩石磁组构结果表明磁性颗粒为压扁状, 最大轴在近东-西方向集中, 指示了一种早期弱变形组构, 揭示该地区至少自12.4 Ma以来遭受了新生代南北向构造挤压。  相似文献   

A Model for Water Flow Through Rock Fractures Based on Friction Factor   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Zhenyu Zhang  Jan Nemcik  Qiuqiu Qiao  Xueyu Geng 《Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering》2015,48(2):559-571

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