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51.
52.
Shoichiro Fukao Manabu D. Yamanaka Hiromasa Matsumoto Toru Sato Toshitaka Tsuda Susumu Kato 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1989,130(2-3):463-479
Vertical and temporal variations of three-dimensional wind velocity associated with an upper-tropospheric cold vortex-tropopause funnel system were observed by an MST radar in Japan (the MU radar). Marked changes of vertical velocity and horizontal wind direction were found between the inside and outside of the cold vortex. The vertical velocity activity outside the vortex was asymmetric; it was most active in a sector before the vortex. Unsaturated internal gravity waves in their generation stage contribute predominantly to the vertical velocity activity, suggesting that tropospheric occluded cyclones may be a possible source of middle-atmospheric gravity waves through the geostrophic adjustment process. 相似文献
53.
Manabu D. Yamanaka Shoichiro Fukao Hiromasa Matsumoto Toru Sato Toshitaka Tsuda Susumu Kato 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1989,130(2-3):481-495
Marked wavelike variations of the lower stratospheric wind observed on 7–10 May, 1985 by an MST radar in Japan (by the MU radar) are analyzed assuming that they are induced by monochromatic internal inertio-gravity waves. These variations are mainly composed of two modes (periods: 22 and 24 hours), both of which have zonal phase velocities (C
X
) slower than the mean westerly wind (). A statistical analysis of the zonal phase velocity shows thatC
X
above andC
X
below the tropopause jet stream, which is considered to be a vivid proof of wave selection due to the tropospheric mean flow and upward wave emission from the tropopause jet. A comparison between the MU radar results and routine meteorological observations leads to the conclusion that the marked waves appear when the jet stream takes a maximum wind speed. 相似文献
54.
Vertical profiles of excess bottom222Rn and potential temperature were measured at 23 stations in the northwestern Pacific Ocean. The Rn profiles were classified into the following three types: quasi-exponential (type E), benthic boundary layer (type B), and horizontally disturbed (type H). The ratio among types E, B and H was approximately 2 : 3 : 1.An apparent vertical eddy diffusivity (K) was calculated by applying a one-dimensional diffusion model to the Rn profiles of types E and B. Type E had K values ranging from 15 to 180 cm2 s?1 (average: 70 cm2 s?1). As to type B, K values for the benthic boundary layer (4.5–260 cm2 s?1, average: 120 cm2 s?1) were always more than an order of magnitude larger than those for the upper layer (0.2–35 cm2 s?1, average: 7 cm2 s?1), indicating more active vertical mixing in the benthic boundary layer than in the upper layer.Rn profiles were measured in regions where the bottom topography is known. It was verified that the occurrence of type H related closely with local bottom topographic features accompanied by lateral transient supply of Rn-rich or Rn-poor water.A couple of Rn profiles at the same location, measured at time intervals of several years, were compared with each other for three locations. The general characteristics of Rn profiles were shown to remain unaltered with time, while the fine structure of Rn profiles may have short-term variations caused by local bottom topography and fluctuations of bottom current as indicated in type H. 相似文献
55.
56.
57.
58.
Akira Tsuchiyama Masayuki Uesugi Kentaro Uesugi Tsukasa Nakano Ryo Noguchi Toru Matsumoto Junya Matsuno Takashi Nagano Yuta Imai Akira Shimada Akihisa Takeuchi Yoshio Suzuki Tomoki Nakamura Takaaki Noguchi Masanao Abe Toru Yada Akio Fujimura 《Meteoritics & planetary science》2014,49(2):172-187
In this study, the three‐dimensional (3‐D) microstructure of 48 Itokawa regolith particles was examined by synchrotron microtomography at SPring‐8 during the preliminary examination of Hayabusa samples. Moreover, the 3‐D microstructure of particles collected from two LL6 chondrites (Ensisheim and Kilabo meteorites) and an LL5 chondrite (Tuxtuac meteorite) was investigated by the same method for comparison. The modal abundances of minerals, especially olivine, bulk density, porosity, and grain size are similar in all samples, including voids and cracks. These results show that the Itokawa particles, which are surface materials from the S‐type asteroid Itokawa, are consistent with the LL chondrite materials in terms of not only elemental and isotopic composition of the minerals but also 3‐D microstructure. However, we could not determine whether the Itokawa particles are purely LL5, LL6, or a mixture of the two. No difference between the particles collected from Rooms A and B of the sample chamber, corresponding to the sampling sequence of the spacecraft's second and first touchdowns, respectively, was detected because of the statistically small amount of particles from Room B. 相似文献
59.
60.
Yoshio Kubo 《Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy》2012,112(1):99-106
Kubo (Celest Mech Dyn Astron 110:143–168, 2011) investigated the kinematical structure of the perturbation in the rotation of the elastic Earth due to the deformation caused
by the outer bodies. In that paper, while the mechanism for the perturbation of the figure axis was made clear, that for the
rotational axis was not shown explicitly. In the present study, following the same method, the structure of the perturbation
of the rotational axis is investigated. This perturbation consists of the direct perturbation and the convective perturbation.
First the direct perturbation is shown to be (A − C)/A times as large as that of the figure axis, coinciding with the analytical expressions obtained in preceding studies by other
authors. As for the convective perturbation, which appears only in the perturbation of the rotational axis but not in that
of the figure axis, it is shown to be (A − C)/A times the angular separation between the original figure axis and the induced figure axis produced by the elastic deformation,
A and C being the principal moments of inertia of the Earth. If the perturbing bodies are motionless, the conclusion of Kubo (Celest
Mech Dyn Astron 105:261–274, 2009) holds strictly, i.e. the sum of the direct and the convective perturbations of the rotational axis coincides with the perturbation
of the figure axis. 相似文献