Rayleigh wave phase velocities of South China block and its adjacent areas   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Jian Lü  ZuJun Xie  Yong Zheng  XiaoHui Zha  Rui Hu  XinFu Zeng 《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2016,59(11):2165-2178

Using records of continuous seismic waveforms from 609 broadband seismic stations in the South China Block and its adjacent areas in 2010–2012, empirical Green's functions of surface waves were obtained from cross-correlation functions of ambient noise data between these stations. High quality phase velocity dispersion curves of Rayleigh waves were obtained using time-frequency analysis. These interstation dispersion curves were then inverted to build Rayleigh wave phase velocity maps at periods of 6–50 s. The results of phase velocity maps indicate that phase velocities at 6–10 s periods are correlated with the geological features in the upper crust. Major basins and small-scale grabens and basins display slow velocity anomalies; while most of the orogenic belts and the fold belts display high velocity anomalies. With the gravity gradient zone along Taihang Mountain to Wuling Mountain as the boundary for the phase velocity maps at period of 20–30 s, the western area mainly displays low velocity anomalies, while the eastern side shows high velocity anomalies. Phase velocities in the eastern South China Block south to the Qinling-Dabie orogenic belt is higher than that in the eastern North China Block to the north, which is possibly due to the differences of tectonic mechanisms between the North China Craton and the South China Block. The phase velocities at periods of40–50 s are possibly related to the lateral variations of the velocity structure in the lower crust and upper mantle: The low-velocity anomalies in the eastern part of the Tibetan Plateau are caused by the thick crust; while the Sichuan Basin and the southern part of the Ordos Basin display distinct high-velocity anomalies, reflecting the stable features of the lithosphere in these blocks. The lateral variation pattern of phase velocities in the southern part of the South China Block is not consistent with the surface trace of the block boundary in the eastern Yunnan Province and its vicinities. The phase velocities in the Sichuan Basin are overall slow at short periods and gradually increase with period from the central part to the edge of the basin, indicating the features of shallower basement in the center and overall stable lithospheric mantle of the basin. The middle and upper crust of the southern Ordos Basin in the North China Block is heterogeneous, while in lower crust and the uppermost mantle the phase velocities mainly exhibit high anomalies. High-velocity anomalies are widespread at the middle of the Qinling-Dabie orogenic belt, as well as the areas in southeastern Guangxi with Caledonian granite explosion, but its detailed mechanism is still unclear.  相似文献   

Influence of temperature and humidity on similar material and its control measures     

Jianfeng Zha  Huaizhan Li  Guangli Guo  Jintao Wang 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2017,76(21):740

Similar-material simulation is generally used in mining engineering. The properties of a similar material vary over time in a certain environment. Due to the time-varying characteristics of the material strength, the model and prototype is dissimilar in dynamics and kinematics, which may affect the reliability of simulation results. The present paper conducts block experiments that investigate the time-varying characteristics of the material strength. The paper further investigates methods of reducing the effects of time-varying characteristics of material strength on simulation results and extends the effective monitoring time of the similar-material model in a natural environment and an environment having constant temperature and humidity. The following results are obtained: (1) The strength and moisture content of the similar material have an exponential relationship, which can be divided into three phases. (2) When a similar-material model is laid in a natural environment, sampling and homemade monitoring equipment can be adopted to control the similar-material model’s strength. Meanwhile, homemade monitoring equipment for the relative humidity of the similar material can be used to monitor a critical change in the similar material’s moisture content. (3) An environment having constant temperature and humidity can extend the effective monitoring time of the similar-material model. (4) High humidity can extend the effective monitoring time while high temperature can decrease the effective monitoring time. In an experiment, the temperature and humidity under the environment of constant temperature and humidity and monitoring time of the model should both be set reasonably. Results provide guidelines for setting the model monitoring period and give evidence for the reliability of simulation results.  相似文献   

汉江上游郧县庹家湾剖面光释光测年及意义     

张文桐  庞奖励  黄春长  周亚利  查小春  崔天宇  王海燕  杨丹 《中国沙漠》2017,37(5):885-892

在野外考察基础上选择湖北郧县庹家湾剖面为研究对象。在对磁化率和粒度进行分析的同时,用单片再生剂量法进行了光释光测年（OSL）地层断代。OSL测年数据显示：剖面样品年龄处在55.11~13.57 ka BP,且与地层深度呈现出良好的对应关系,此剖面为黄土风化堆积形成。黏粒含量、黏粒/粉砂值以及磁化率值等气候替代性指标数值在马兰黄土层228~260 cm和294~370 cm深度明显高于典型马兰黄土（L₁）,具有明显的成壤特征,通过OSL测年数据判断时间为27.26~21.59 ka BP,说明在晚更新世时期气候并非持续稳定的寒冷干旱,而是具有一定的波动,在此期间气候相对温暖湿润,而且此次气候事件在黄土高原地区其他沉积记录中也有良好记录。  相似文献   

黄海地震活动与地震构造的初步研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

赵根模  陈化然 《华北地震科学》1999,17(2):28-35

黄海是东亚大陆边缘盆地中地震较活跃的地区,历史上多次发生大地震,对海岸和海底工程造成威胁。本文依据中国台网记录分析了海域地震活动图象,表明黄海地震活动水平与大陆相似。据聚类分析原则划分地震线,并与已知的大地构造资料进行了比较：表明海域地震线基本反映了海底活断层的轮廓。大型地震线走向北东和北西,可达朝鲜半岛,北东向地震线与黄海莫氏面构造走向一致,表明有深部构造背景。东西向构造也较显著。  相似文献   

渭河上游地区樊家城黄土-古土壤剖面Rb、Sr、Ba存留特征及意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

雷晨  庞奖励  黄春长  查小春  周亚利  温瑞艳  炊郁达 《中国沙漠》2019,39(6):90-98

选择渭河上游樊家城全新世黄土-古土壤剖面为研究对象,对该剖面元素Rb、Sr、Ba含量和磁化率、粒度、CaCO₃进行了测定。结果表明：Rb、Sr、Ba含量及Rb/Sr、Ba/Sr比值与磁化率、粒度、CaCO₃含量显著相关,能够指示渭河上游地区全新世的气候变化。剖面中古土壤层的磁化率、黏粒、Rb/Sr、Ba/Sr以及元素Rb、Ba含量高于黄土层,CaCO₃、Sr含量小于黄土层,指示渭河上游地区古土壤层（S₀）形成时期主要受夏季风影响,气候温暖湿润,淋溶作用强,风化成壤作用强;而黄土层形成时期主要受冬季风影响,气候相对冷干,淋溶作用弱,风化成壤作用弱。在全新世中期,古土壤层S₀¹与S₀²之间的黄土夹层,反映了渭河上游地区在全新世大暖期的6 000~5 000 a BP期间气候显著恶化。  相似文献   

Simulation of improved pure P-wave equation in transversely isotropic media with a horizontal symmetry axis     

Junzhen Shan  Guochen Wu  Sen Yang  Hongying Liu  Bo Zhang 《Geophysical Prospecting》2023,71(1):102-113

Characterizing the expressions of seismic waves in elastic anisotropic media depends on multiparameters. To reduce the complexity, decomposing the P-mode wave from elastic seismic data is an effective way to describe the considerably accurate kinematics with fewer parameters. The acoustic approximation for transversely isotropic media is widely used to obtain P-mode wave by setting the axial S-wave phase velocity to zero. However, the separated pure P-wave of this approach is coupled with undesired S-wave in anisotropic media called S-wave artefacts. To eliminate the S-wave artefacts in acoustic waves for anisotropic media, we set the vertical S-wave phase velocity as a function related to propagation directions. Then, we derive a pure P-wave equation in transversely isotropic media with a horizontal symmetry axis by introducing the expression of vertical S-wave phase velocity. The differential form of new expression for pure P-wave is reduced to second-order by inserting the expression of S-wave phase velocity as an auxiliary operator. The results of numerical simulation examples by finite difference illustrate the stability and accuracy of the derived pure P-wave equation.  相似文献   

九江地震台观测井水氢氧同位素特征及意义     

鲍志诚  高小其  张磊  赵影  查小惠  向阳  蒋雨函 《中国地震》2019,35(3):499-508

在地震地下流体观测研究中,基于氢氧同位素示踪技术研究地下水补给源及循环过程是常用的技术方法之一。本文给出了九江地震台2号观测井水、大气降水、周边水库水及高山泉水等样品的氢氧同位素测定结果,表明地下水δ~(18)O测值介于-7.59‰～-6.09‰,平均值-6.99‰,δD测值介于-45.22‰～-39.69‰,平均值-42.32‰,变异异数分别为0.09、0.16;大气降水δ~(18)O测值介于-13.00‰～-1.27‰,平均值-4.74‰,δD测值介于-96.13‰～-4.74‰,平均值-46.87‰,变异异数分别为0.40、0.56,与降水相比,地下水氢氧同位素变化更为稳定。大气降水氢氧同位素2017年5～10月表现为明显的降水效应,2018年11～4月表现为明显的温度效应,而地下水氢氧同位素并未表现出明显的降水效应和温度效应。氢氧同位素及过量氘揭示地下水在下渗补给前经历了明显的蒸发分馏作用,并与围岩进行~(18)O交换,δ~(18)O与δD计算得出的补给高程分别约为647、440m。九江台观测井的观测层地下水为大气降水成因的构造裂隙水,属于大气成因型且循环过程为较稳定的裂隙水补给并形成承压自流井。  相似文献