Centennial fluctuations of flood-season discharge of Upper and Middle Yangtze River Basin, China (1865–1988): cause and impact     

Yonghong Dong  Zhanghua Wang  Zhongyuan Chen  Daowei Yin 《Frontiers of Earth Science》2009,3(4):471-479

This paper reveals the nature of flood-season discharge and the associated impact on the upper and middle Yangtze river basin, on the basis of a historical database of daily discharges recorded at the Yichang (1865–1985) and Hankou (1878–1988) hydrological stations. Results show the period of discharge fluctuations of 2–6a, which is significant during 1878–1900 and 1915–1975 at Yichang station and the period of 2–7a during 1865–1905 and 1925–1975 at Hankou station. Within these periods, a major period of 2.9–3.5a and two secondary periods of 7–8a and 13.9–16.5a can be further identified from both stations. Our observation verifies that the fluctuations of streamflows of the upper and middle Yangtze River are fairly consistent with the periodicities of the Asia monsoon precipitation and ENSO event, reflecting coupling effect on the fluctuations of discharges in the Yangtze basin. In the 1920s–1960s, intensified variability of streamflows of the upper and middle Yangtze River was closely associated with warming temperature in the basin and in China as well. In 1975–1988, insignificant discharge fluctuations recorded at both stations can be chiefly attributed to human activities, i.e., the large number of reservoirs constructed and associated increasing capacity of water storage, which has largely weakened the discharge fluctuations throughout the basin.  相似文献   

长江三角洲地区晚新生代沉积物岩石磁学特征及其物源指示意义   总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

张丹  王张华  卫巍  李晓 《第四纪研究》2009,29(2):308-317

对长江三角洲地区7个晚新生代钻孔沉积物的岩石地层和磁化率特征进行详细对比,并进一步选择浦东机场孔（PD孔）进行了详细的岩石磁学测试,讨论了该地区的晚新生代沉积物物源的演变。结果显示沉积物磁性的4次显著变化：  1）各钻孔上新世磁性强弱差异明显;   2）早更新世早期本区普遍表现出弱磁性;   3）从早更新世中晚期至全新世,磁性强度一般随粒度粗细变化波动,即砂质沉积磁性强,泥质沉积磁性弱;   4）晚更新世晚期以来,细颗粒沉积物的磁性较明显增强。磁性参数分析显示上新世和早更新世早期磁性矿物晶体颗粒较细,早更新世中晚期-晚更新世以粗晶粒磁性矿物为主,全新世细晶粒磁铁矿再次占主导。我们认为上述磁性变化反映构造沉降控制下现代长江三角洲地区物源区的不断扩大。  相似文献   

Morphodynamic characteristics of the dextral diversion of the Yangtze River mouth,China: tidal and the Coriolis Force controls     

Maotian Li  Zhongyuan Chen  Daowei Yin  Jing Chen  Zhanghua Wang  Qianli Sun 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2011,36(5):641-650

This paper examines the morphological development of the Yangtze River mouth, which has been diverting southeasterly (dextrally), according to historical (150 years) chart‐based digital evolution model and on‐site measured tidal flow data. We reveal a significantly narrowing of the northern river mouth branch from formerly >30 km wide to presently 10 km wide due to rapid siltation. Net siltation there, however, decreases gradually, which largely contrasts with the fact that the siltation has shifted to the southern river mouth area, as shown by many newly‐emerged estuarine islands, sandy shoals and bifurcated branches. Our data have further demonstrated that the ebb flow that dominates in the study area changes its direction gradually from east to southeast from the inner to outer river mouth area, and its duration is much longer than the flood flow in the inner river mouth area, but nearly equal at the river mouth area. Accordingly, the sediment transport pathway has been diverted from east to southeast. We examine whether the Coriolis Force could explain the dextral diversion of the ebb flow and the altered morphodynamical processes. Although too weak to strengthen the tidal flows, the Coriolis Force can drag the ebb flow southeasterly, and so influence sediment transport paths at the estuarine scale. The Coriolis Force is limited in the inner river mouth, but substantial at and in the outer river mouth area when gradually free of estuarine topographic constraints. The Coriolis Force causes an offset in propagation of in‐out flow directions at the river mouth area to form a slack water setting prone to estuarine siltation. Using the present approach also enables explanation of the morphological development of the Holocene Yangtze delta‐coast that extends to the southeast. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Characterization of Fe(III)-Reducing Enrichment Cultures and Isolation of Enterobacter sp. Nan-1 from the Deep-Sea Sediment,South China Sea     

Dunfan Wang  Chong Jin  Aimin Jin  Zhanghua Lou 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2020,19(4):818-826

To characterize the Fe(III)-reducing bacteria, enrichment cultures were initiated by inoculating deep-sea sediment from the South China Sea (SCS) into the  相似文献   

Evolution of Hydrodynamic Field, Oil-Gas Migration and Accumulation in Songliao Basin, China   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

楼章华 朱蓉金爱民  孙毛明蔡希源 迟远林 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2004,22(2):105-123

The oil-gas migration and accumulation in the Songliao Basin were analyzed in the view of fluid dynamics by the authors. The key point of fluid dynamics is hydrodynamics. Oil-gas migration and accumulation are related closely with formation and evolution of hydrodynamic field. Based on abundant data, initial formation pressure and other parameters, such as water head were studied. They can be used to understand the present distribution of hydrodynamic field and its hydrochemical features. Generally, the hydrodynamic field in the basin is obviously asymmetrical. In its north and east part, there are the areas of centripetal flow caused by topographic relief when meteoric water permeate downwards. Its south part is an evaporation-concentration area. The central depression is an area of centrifugal flow driven by sediment compaction and its cross-formational flow area. Only at the basin margin and in the local uplifted and denudated area are the meteoric water permeating downwards areas. The centrifugal flow driven by sediment compaction is the main dynamic factor that induces oil-gas migration and accumulation and its formation period corresponding to the main stage of oil-gas migration and accumulation. Moreover, the evolution of hydrodynamic field has the cyclic property, which results in phased oil-gas migration by stages, and further dominates the terraced annular oil and gas distribution, concentric with their corresponding sags.  相似文献   

松辽盆地湖泊浅水三角洲沉积动力学研究   总被引：27，自引：1，他引：26  

韩晓东  楼章华  姚炎明  杨卫东  蔡希源 《矿物学报》2000,20(3):305-313

本文在充分利用开发检查并全井段取芯,研究沉积微相类型的基础上,结合密集开发井网的动态资料,分析了各种砂体在进间的连通性与平面上的分布规律,系统总结了地形、河流与湖泊大小、气候演化与湖面升降对湖泊浅水三角洲沉积动力学过程及其前缘砂体内部结构、沉积模式的影响作用。  相似文献   

松辽盆地油田地下水化学场的垂直分带性与平面分区性   总被引：20，自引：11，他引：9       下载免费PDF全文

楼章华  金爱民  朱蓉  蔡希源  高瑞祺 《地质科学》2006,41(3):392-403

松辽盆地地下水动力场的形成与演化控制了地下水化学场的形成与分布,地下水化学分布特征又反映地下水动力场的演化结果。在地下水化学场的形成过程中,影响沉积盆地地下水化学性质的因素较多,这些因素对地下水化学性质的影响作用在垂向上具有阶段性,在平面上具有选择性。前者导致地下水化学性质的垂直分带性,从浅到深可以划分出:1)大气水下渗淡化带,2)近地表蒸发浓缩带,3)泥岩压实排水淡化带(C₁)—压滤浓缩带(C₂),4)粘土矿物脱水淡化带和5)渗滤浓缩带等5种水化学剖面单元类型。后者决定了地下水化学场的平面分区性:1)盆地边缘为大气水下渗淡化区,2)盆地中央为泥岩压实排水淡化区,3)越流区为过渡区,4)越流-蒸发区为浓缩区。在泥岩压实排水形成的离心流方向上,矿化度、Na⁺浓度、Cl^-浓度和盐化系数升高,(CO₃^2-+HCO₃^-、SO₄^2-浓度、钠氯系数(γNa⁺/γCl^-)和脱硫系数(SO₄^2-/SO₄^2-+Cl^-)降低。在大气水下渗向心流方向上,矿化度、离子浓度和钠氯系数、脱硫系数和盐化系数一致升高。  相似文献   

准噶尔盆地玛湖-盆1井西复合含油气系统侏罗系地下水动力场的形成与演化   总被引：8，自引：5，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

金爱民  高兴友  楼章华  朱蓉  杨海波  王绪龙 《地质科学》2006,41(4):549-563

油气运移、聚集与地下水动力场的形成和演化密切相关,随着盆地的形成与演化,地下水动力场也有形成、发展和消亡的过程。准噶尔盆地玛湖—盆1井西复合含油气系统侏罗系现今地下水动力场具有不对称性:西北缘和陆梁隆起以北地区发育向心流,凹陷内地下水动力表现为滞流,仅在莫索湾凸起及其以南地区发育弱离心流。研究区侏罗系地下水化学分布表明在盆1井西地区曾发育离心流,结合盆地沉积演化分析,研究区侏罗系地下水出现滞流的时间应该在古近纪。  相似文献   

长江口崇明岛滩地重金属元素分布探讨   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

杨萌  陈中原  王张华 《上海国土资源》2002,(1):19-23

该文通过对长江口崇明岛滩地柱状样进行^210Pb和^137Cs以及11个重金属元素的测试，以探讨重金属元素在河口滩地中的沉积与迁移过程，剖析其分布规律，从而为崇明岛滩涂资源的合理规划、利用提供科学依据。研究发现70年代以来的沉积物中重金属元素含量普遍高于70年代以前。在空间上，堡镇附近重金属元素含量比崇明岛其它地方明显要高，在岛上的另一个主要城镇城桥附近，重金属元素没有显示高值，反映重金属含量与径、潮流的淘洗作用有关。  相似文献   

利用盐沼泥炭重建长江三角洲北部全新世中期海平面   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

战庆  王张华 《古地理学报》2014,16(4):548-556

根据对长江三角洲北部海安地区4个钻孔标志性沉积物(潮上带盐沼泥炭、高潮滩沉积)的年龄测定和高程测量,以及沉积物压实沉降量的分析研究,重建了本研究区全新世中期8.1～7.3 cal kyr BP和5.6～5.4 cal kyr BP的相对海平面位置。结果显示,8.1～7.3 cal kyr BP海平面缓慢上升1.46m,上升速率仅为0.2cm/yr, 与三角洲南部全新世早期海平面的快速上升(2cm/yr)形成鲜明对比,验证了冰盖控制下的全球海平面阶段性波动上升模式。对比长江三角洲地区海平面曲线发现,三角洲北部海平面曲线较南部低5～6m,长江三角洲海平面曲线与世界各地海平面曲线也存在明显差异,分析认为主要是由长江口地区的差异性沉降和中国东部边缘海的水均衡作用两个因素引起的。  相似文献