Migration patterns of Neolithic settlements on the abandoned Yellow and Yangtze River deltas of China   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Zhongyuan Chen  Yongqiang Zong  Hui Wang 《Quaternary Research》2008,70(2):301-314

Archaeological records of the Neolithic settlements on the eastern China coast between 35°N and 30°N, an area covering the abandoned Yellow River and the Yangtze River delta plains, reveal that Neolithic people moved from the Yellow River basin onto the northern coast for fishing, hunting and dry-land agriculture ~ 7000 yr ago. Marine transgression interrupted their activities on the low-lying (2-5 m in elevation) coastal wetlands between 6000 and 5000 yr ago, after which they reclaimed their land near the river mouths. Their migration routes on the southern Yangtze delta plain indicate another scenario: early Neolithic communities moved onto the plain for wet-rice cultivation. Despite relative sea-level rise from 7000 to 4000 yr ago, a large number of settlements were established on the lowlands between the eastern Chenier Ridges and the western Taihu Lake depression. The Chenier Ridges, with ~ 1.0 m higher topography than the adjacent coastal area, played a role in sheltering the Neolithic people. Subsequently, settlements waned considerably, possibly due to further marine inundation combined with cold climate. The present study shows that migration patterns of the Neolithic settlements are closely associated with a gradually rising sea level between 7000 and 4000 yr ago.  相似文献   

Dynamical downscaling of regional climate over eastern China using RSM with multiple physics scheme ensembles     

Peishu  Zong  Jianping  Tang  Shuyu  Wang  Lingyun  Xie  Jianwei  Yu  Yunqian  Zhu  Xiaorui  Niu  Chao  Li 《Theoretical and Applied Climatology》2017,129(3-4):1263-1277

Theoretical and Applied Climatology - The parameterization of physical processes is one of the critical elements to properly simulate the regional climate over eastern China. It is essential to...  相似文献   

甘肃中部降水性层状云微物理结构特征个例分析     

庞朝云  黄山  张丰伟 《气象科技》2016,44(5):805-810

利用机载PMS粒子探测系统对2006年8月27日甘肃省中部一次降水性天气过程进行空中观测,对云中微物理特征进行了分析。研究发现云层中小粒子对含水量的贡献较大,云层主要以平均直径小于20μm的小云滴为主。在低层云滴浓度和含水量大于上层,而平均直径小于上层,符合"播撒-供给"降水机理,云上部主要增长方式有凝华增长、淞附增长,在云下部主要增长机制是碰并增长。  相似文献   

分散液态烃裂解气资源评价方法     

王兆云  赵文智  王东良  李永新  薛海涛  胡国义  姜华  郑红菊 《地质学报》2016,90(1):68-79

分散液态烃裂解气资源评价涉及五方面内容,可概括为"五步法"的定量评价方法。步骤一:源内和源外液态烃的分配比例和数量研究。模拟实验及实际地质样品统计相结合的研究结果,烃源岩中滞留烃的数量可观,受有机质丰度、类型、演化程度、烃源岩岩性、物性以及与储集层的配置关系等因素影响。总体特征烃源岩排油率变化于20%~80%,以TOC 2%为界,排油率为50%上下;高TOC、类型优质的烃源岩排油率高。步骤二:源外分散液态烃的主要分布、富集区研究。通过数值模拟正演研究液态烃的优势运移通道及分布富集区;同时,通过热成因沥青的数量统计及分布、样品的荧光特征反演研究分散液态烃的分布富集区。步骤三:不同赋存状态液态烃裂解成气的转化率研究。模拟地质条件下碳酸盐岩、泥岩和砂岩中的分散液态烃裂解生气实验,反映碳酸盐岩、泥岩和砂岩对液态烃的裂解均有催化作用,作用强度依次减弱,主生气期对应的Ro值分别为1.2%~3.2%、1.3%~3.4%和1.4%~3.6%;超压抑制液态烃裂解生气,达到相同转化率温度滞后30℃左右。步骤四:研究区含油气系统研究:加强液态烃晚期规模生气和有效成藏的要素和关键时刻的分析。步骤五:分散液态烃裂解气的定量评价以及资源评估。以深层海相天然气成因研究为基础建立的分散液态烃"五步法"定量评价方法,实现了中国深层古老烃源岩源内分散液态烃裂解气、源外分散液态烃裂解气、古油藏裂解气、干酪根降解气的整体、系统评价。  相似文献   

夏季黄河入海径流对黄河口及附近海域环流影响的数值研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

寿玮玮  宗海波  丁平兴 《海洋学报》2016,38(7):1-13

基于区域海洋模式ROMS,建立了一个三维非线性斜压浅海模式,考虑了包括径流、风场、海面热交换以及黄渤海环流等因素,研究了夏季8月份黄河入海径流量对黄河口及附近海域环流结构的影响。数值实验较好地佐证了黄河冲淡水的"北偏"现象,并很好的体现了冲淡水对河口附近海域环流结构的影响。数值研究表明:黄河入海径流量对河口附近海域环流结构有显著影响,径流越大冲淡水向北-西北方向偏转越明显,同时流轴中心余流流速也显著增大;莱州湾顺时针环流受黄河入海径流影响显著,径流量越大越不利于该环流的发育和维持,而径流量越小环流越稳定;径流量越大导致河口附近海域表层余流加大,余流垂向梯度得到加强,底部补偿流增强,河口垂向环流越明显。  相似文献   

南黄海西部中层冷水特征的时空变化     

邹娥梅  徐伯昌  王宗山  廖启煜 《海洋科学进展》2001,19(2):10-16

根据 1 959- 1 996年 4- 6月水温资料 ,按 30′× 30′方区统计计算了南黄海 ( 34°～ 37°30′N ,1 2 2°～ 1 2 4°30′E)中层冷水的 8个示性特征值 ,并绘制了平面分布图。分析结果表明 ,南黄海西部中层冷水于 4月形成 ,5月达到盛期 ,6月开始消衰 ,生消规律具有明显的季节性 ;出现的海区为 34°～ 37°30′N ,1 2 4°0 0′E以西 (即黄海暖流向西北伸展路径 )海域 ,具有明显的地域性。同时 ,示性特征的时 -空分布变化还反映出 :在形成期其下方黄海暖流对它的重要影响。这将对于探讨海洋热、动力因子对研究海区中层冷水生消机制奠定了实验基础。  相似文献   

Bulk organic δC and C/N as indicators for sediment sources in the Pearl River delta and estuary,southern China     

Fengling Yu  Yongqiang Zong  Jeremy M. Lloyd  Guangqing Huang  Melanie J. Leng  Christopher Kendrick  Angela L. Lamb  Wyss W.-S. Yim 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2010

Preservation of organic matter in estuarine and coastal areas is an important process in the global carbon cycle. This paper presents bulk δ¹³C and C/N of organic matter from source to sink in the Pearl River catchment, delta and estuary, and discusses the applicability of δ¹³C and C/N as indicators for sources of organic matter in deltaic and estuarine sediments. In addition to the 91 surface sediment samples, other materials collected in this study cover the main sources of organic material to estuarine sediment. These are: terrestrial organic matter (TOM), including plants and soil samples from the catchment; estuarine and marine suspended particulate organic carbon (POC) from both summer and winter. Results show that the average δ¹³C of estuarine surface sediment increases from −25.0 ± 1.3‰ in the freshwater environment to −21.0 ± 0.2‰ in the marine environment, with C/N decreasing from 15.2 ± 3.3 to 6.8 ± 0.2. In the source areas, C₃ plants have lower δ¹³C than C₄ plants (−29.0 ± 1.8‰ and −13.1 ± 0.5‰ respectively). δ¹³C increases from −28.3 ± 0.8‰ in the forest soil to around −24.1‰ in both riverbank soil and mangrove soil due to increasing proportion of C₄ grasses. The δ¹³C_POC increases from −27.6 ± 0.8‰ in the freshwater areas to −22.4 ± 0.5‰ in the marine-brackish-water areas in winter, and ranges between −24.0‰ in freshwater areas and −25.4‰ in brackish-water areas in summer. Comparison of the δ¹³C and C/N between the sources and sink indicates a weakening TOM and freshwater POC input in the surface sedimentary organic matter seawards, and a strengthening contribution from the marine organic matter. Thus we suggest that bulk organic δ¹³C and C/N analysis can be used to indicate sources of sedimentary organic matter in estuarine environments. Organic carbon in surface sediments derived from anthropogenic sources such as human waste and organic pollutants from industrial and agricultural activities accounts for less than 10% of the total organic carbon (TOC). Although results also indicate elevated δ¹³C of sedimentary organic matter due to some agricultural products such as sugarcane, C₃ plants are still the dominant vegetation type in this area, and the bulk organic δ¹³C and C/N is still an effective indicator for sources of organic matter in estuarine sediments.  相似文献   

The interannual and decadal variability of the sea level in the Japan/East Sea   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Tianshun Wang  Yuguang Liu  Haibo Zong  Zengrui Rong 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2009,8(4):335-342

Sea level observed by altimeter during the 1993–2007 period and the thermosteric sea level from 1945 through 2005 obtained by using the global ocean temperature data sets recently published are used to investigate the interannual and decadal variability of the sea level in the Japan/East Sea (JES) and its response to El Niño and Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Both the interannual variations of the sea level observed by altimeter and those of the thermosteric sea level obtained from reanalyzed data in the JES are closely related to ENSO. As a result, one important consequence is that the sea level trends are mainly caused by the thermal expansion in the JES. An ‘enigma’ is revealed that the correlation between the thermosteric sea level and ENSO during the PDO (Pacific Decadal Oscillation) warm phase (post mid-1970s) is inconsistent with that during the cold phase (pre mid-1970s) in the JES. The thermosteric sea level trends and the Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) suggest a strong negative correlation during the period 1977–1998, whereas there appears a relatively weak positive correlation during the period 1945–1976 in the JES. Based on the SODA (Simple Oceanographic Data Assimilation) datasets, possible mechanisms of the interannual and decadal variability of the sea level in the JES are discussed. Comprehensive analysis reveals that the negative anomalies of SOI correspond to the positive anomalies of the southeast wind stress, the net advective heat flux and the sea level in the JES during the PDO warm phase. During the PDO cold phase, the negative anomalies of SOI correspond to the positive anomalies of the southwest wind stress, the negative anomalies of the net advective heat flux and the sea level in the JES.  相似文献   

Practical versus absolute salinity measurements: New advances in high performance seawater salinity sensors     

Philippe Grosso  Marc Le Menn  Jean-Louis De Bougrenet De La Tocnaye  Zong Yan Wu  Damien Malardé 《Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers》2010,57(1):151-156

Optical salinity sensors described here measure directly the seawater refractive index and thus enable a measurement of the seawater density and composition variation. We detail the measurement dependence to environmental parameters (in particular temperature and pressure) compared to conductivity sensors, and demonstrate that it may be advantageous to directly measure refractive index rather than electrical conductivity and so obtain a more direct route to density and absolute salinity.  相似文献   

田阳三化螟蛾盛发高峰初日气象预警模型     

周冬梅  莫绍宁  欧阳兆云  农万江  黄晓文 《气象科技》2019,47(3):526-530

三化螟为水稻主要害虫之一,单食水稻,在田阳一年发生完全4个世代,开展各世代螟蛾盛发高峰期气象预警,对科学适时防螟灭虫,虫口夺粮意义重大。利用农业植保部门提供的三化螟蛾盛发高峰期虫情资料和气象部门气象观测同期资料,采用逐步回归方法,建立三化螟蛾盛发高峰初日气象预警模型。结果表明:各世代预警模型输出的盛发高峰初日与实况误差3天的拟合正确率为82.2%～92.9%。试报2015—2016年,第1世代预报与实况误差为3天,第2代至第4世代误差为1～2天。三化螟蛾盛发高峰初日气象预警模型的拟合正确率、试报结果误差范围比较理想,可投入日常业务应用。  相似文献