青藏高原东缘龙门山山系构造隆起的地貌表现   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5       下载免费PDF全文

张世民  丁锐  毛昌伟  吕志强 《第四纪研究》2010,30(4)

龙门山山系是青藏高原东缘新生代造山作用的体现,是理解青藏高原向东扩展动力学过程的窗口.龙门山隆升机制研究因而成为青藏高原地学领域的热点问题之一,并形成了地壳缩短与下地壳管道流两种截然不同的观点,进一步的讨论期待着对龙门山隆升特征作出更深入地认识.夷平面与河流地貌忠实地记录了山地隆升的过程,其形态能够客观地反映山地隆升的几何特征.文章通过数字高程资料分析了龙门山地区的第三纪夷平面,并沿横穿龙门山的大渡河流域测量了河流阶地、山麓剥蚀面及其同期宽谷地貌.夷平面、宽谷地貌与河流阶地的变形特征显示,晚新生代以来,龙门山山系一方面相对东侧四川盆地发生显著的冲断式隆升,隆起幅度达4500m左右;同时相对青藏高原腹地发生了一定的挠曲式隆升,挠曲的枢纽大致沿龙日坝断裂带展布,隆起幅度为500m至1000m,即龙门山山系的构造隆升由东翼的冲断作用与西翼的挠曲作用联合完成,龙门山山系因而构成了青藏高原与四川盆地之间的一道地形屏障.文章最后讨论了导致龙门山山系拱曲冲断作用的可能因素,包括上地壳的断弯褶皱作用、下地壳物质上涌作用和地表侵蚀导致的重力均衡效应.鉴于沿龙门山隆升带东西两翼发现了纵向逆冲断裂或逆走滑断裂,而没有发现纵向张性构造,推断断弯褶皱可能为主导因素.  相似文献   

湖北银洞沟银矿床地质特征与成因类型   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

李文博  周卫东  陈世昌  李应平  邓小华  钟日晨 《地学前缘》2010,17(1):177

湖北银洞沟矿床是中国为数不多的较为典型的大型银矿床。文中系统总结了该矿床的地质特征,初步提出了矿床的成因类型。研究结果表明:银洞沟矿床产于秦岭造山带东南部武当群变质火山岩中,矿体受韧性剪切带控制,矿石类型主要为石英脉型和少量蚀变岩型,围岩蚀变矿物组合主要为石英、铁白云石、白云母、钠长石、绿泥石、黄铁矿等,成矿流体特征为低盐度、低密度、富含CO2±CH4±N2的水溶液,矿床上部为低品位银金矿体,中部为高品位银金矿体和少量铅锌矿体,深部银品位降低,金品位增高,同时出现较厚大铅锌矿体。其地质特征与典型的造山型矿床一致,表明其为一造山型银矿床,矿床矿化分带符合造山型矿床成矿模式——地壳连续模型,因此应该充分重视寻找矿山深部金、铅、锌、铜、钼等接替资源。  相似文献   

非开挖穿河管道工程对堤基渗流稳定的影响评价     

周贤金  邓正东 《岩土工程技术》2010,24(4):171-175

非开挖穿河管道工程在河流与堤基下的地层中形成一条隐蔽、弯曲的扰动带,为了评价该扰动带诱发渗透破坏的可能性,结合工程实例建立了相应的地下水流数值模拟模型。利用该模型,在极端不利的水文、气象条件下,计算地下水流场中最大水力坡度;依据临界水力梯度法,定量评价工程诱发渗透破坏的可能性。实例研究表明,最大水力坡度值随河水位上升而逐渐增大,但增速逐渐变缓;河道底部厚度不大但渗透系数很小的淤泥层,对最大水力坡度值的影响十分明显。  相似文献   

Chemical Zone of Nephrite in Alamas,Xinjiang, China     

Yan Liu  Jun Deng  Guanghai Shi  Taijin Lu  Huaiyu He  Yi-Nok Ng  Chonghui Shen  Liqiang Yang  Qingfei Wang 《Resource Geology》2010,60(3):249-259

The Hetian deposit, located south of the Tarim Basin in Xinjiang, China, is one of the world's largest dolomite-related nephrite deposits. In the Alamas orebody of the deposit, nephrite occurs as veins or lenses along faults or fissures of the adjacent dolomitic marble. Chemical analyses using electronic microscope probe analysis and X-ray fluorescence spectroscope were carried out on nephrite and dolomitic marble samples collected from a cross section in Alamas to investigate zonal structure of the orebody. The nephrite in Alamas is predominately composed of tremolite with minor calcite, titanite and phlogopite, and that dolomitic marble is relatively pure with a FeO content less than 0.20 wt. %. Contents of color-inducing elements, such as Fe, Mn, and Cr, increase gradually as color changes from white through white-green and then to green, resulting in the formation of color-distinctive zones. Tremolite grain size increases as color changes from white through white-green to green. The trend may be consistent with temperature changes from dolomitic marble to granodiorite, which, in turn, suggests that both change in color from white to green and variations of grain size with increasing temperature resulting in formation of the nephrite zonal structure. Both nephrite zonal structure and minor minerals, such as calcite, titanite and phlogopite found in the contact, indicate that this dolomite-related nephrite orebody is of a metasomatic origin under assumed pressure of 100–200 MPa and temperature <550°C.  相似文献   

济阳坳陷沾化凹陷古近系沙河街组二段潜山周缘滩坝及物性特征   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

赵宁  邓宏文  王训练 《古地理学报》2010,12(1)

以高分辨率层序地层学理论为指导,通过岩心、录井和测井分析,对济阳坳陷沾化凹陷沙二段进行划分和对比。在识别和划分不同沉积相的基础上,结合古地理、古水深、物性和油气显示资料,着重对碎屑岩滩坝和生物滩沉积特征和储集层物性进行分析,结果表明:①生物滩和砂滩分布于平坦、开阔环境中,单层厚度薄,分布面积广;砂坝形成于有一定坡度和地形起伏的环境中,单层厚度大,分布局限。②古地貌和基准面旋回是断陷盆地潜山周缘滩坝储集层物性的主控因素。③潜山西侧生物滩物性最好,面积广、厚度薄,物性最有利;其次为东侧砂坝和砂滩,面积局限,厚度大,物性次之;北侧生物滩和砂滩物性较差,面积较广,厚度较大。  相似文献   

Calcium carbonate precipitation induced by a bacterium strain isolated from an oligotrophic cave in Central China   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Hongmei WANG  Cuiping ZENG  Qianying LIU  Deng LIU  Xuan QIU  Linfeng GONG 《Frontiers of Earth Science》2010,4(2):148-151

A heterotrophic Bacillus sp. strain (5C-1) was isolated from Heshang cave, an oligotrophic karst cave in the middle reaches of Yangtze River, and identified by BIOLOG and 16S rDNA sequencing. Bacterially induced formation of calcium carbonate by 5C-1 was investigated in several comparative experimental sets with or without the cell and extracellular enzymes. The temporal variations of both the amount of the precipitates and the pH values of the solution were measured by a spectrophotometer and a pH meter, respectively. The morphological characteristics of the calcium carbonate precipitates were observed with environmental scanning electronic microscopy (ESEM). The growth of 5C-1 was found to greatly promote the pH value of the liquid medium in the first 2 days, which favors the formation of calcium carbonate. No precipitates were formed with the pH value lower than 8.6, though the pH value was demonstrated to be not the only factor controlling the formation of the calcium carbonate. The accumulation of extracellular polysaccharide substance was observed to favor the precipitate formation. Only when both factors reached a threshold did the precipitates form with the addition of CaCl₂. Cells and extracellular enzymes were not the factors that limit the precipitate formation in our microbial systems. The precipitates of a variety of morphological features including dumb bells, peanuts, irregular and spherical and rhombic forms were mainly observed in our microbial systems but not in the chemical control system. Interestingly, imprints of bacterial cells and spores were observed to be present on the surface of the precipitates of a peanut or a dumb bell form, probably indicative of the microbial escaping mechanism during the mineralization of calcium carbonate.  相似文献   

宣东矿区下花园组岩矿、煤岩及孢粉组合特征     

张树胜  范志强  马秀民  肖学军  王凤清 《中国煤炭地质》2010,(10):5-9

河北宣东矿区含煤地层为中侏罗统下花园组,含有5个煤组,煤层多,标志层不发育,煤层对比较为困难。钻孔岩、煤心样品的岩矿、煤岩鉴定和孢粉分析等成果资料揭示:①长石砂岩主要赋存于Ⅲ煤组岩段及其以上地层,Ⅴ煤组岩段分布极少;安山岩屑砂岩集中分布在Ⅴ煤组顶底板附近,Ⅲ煤组岩段及其以上岩段未见;泥化安山岩屑砂岩仅分布在Ⅴ煤组岩段的下部;石英砂岩分布在Ⅴ煤组岩段底部与煤系基底地层接触处;鲕状粘土岩仅分布于Ⅴ煤组岩段下部,并常为煤组底板。②Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ煤组显微煤岩类型以微镜煤、微亮煤为主;Ⅳ、Ⅴ煤组多为角质微亮煤、微亮暗煤及丝炭微暗煤。③Ⅰ、Ⅱ煤组的裸子植物花粉含量丰富,占孢粉总数的40%～60%;Ⅲ煤组低于Ⅰ、Ⅱ煤组;Ⅴ煤组除克拉梭粉及苏铁粉含量占15%左右外,其它松科花粉少见。该结论可作为矿区岩、煤组(层)划分和对比的依据,对指导煤矿开采生产和邻区的勘查工作具有实际意义。  相似文献   

冬季中东急流与中国气候异常的联系   总被引：10，自引：2，他引：8  

倪东鸿  孙照渤  李忠贤  曾刚  邓伟涛 《气象科学》2010,30(3):301-307

用NCEP/NCAR再分析资料和中国160站降水和气温资料,研究了冬季中东急流与中国气候异常的联系。结果表明:中东急流偏强、位置偏东南时,200 hPa上孟加拉湾、中南半岛及中国南海西风加强,而中国30°N以北西风减弱,相应地东亚急流减弱;500 hPa上西欧脊加强且东欧大槽加深,伴随孟加拉湾北部南支槽加深而东亚大槽减弱,有利于欧洲中东部冷空气频繁向东南方向活动,并一直影响到中国西南部;850 hPa上缅甸、中南半岛、华南沿海的西南风距平,有利于孟加拉湾水汽向华南地区输送;上述大气环流异常有利于华南地区降水显著增加,长江上游地区气温下降特别是西南地区气温显著降低,东北地区气温升高;反之亦然。  相似文献   

交通线路上任意点对应中桩精度的研究     

邓永和 《大地测量与地球动力学》2009,29(1)

利用误差传播律和点在任意方向的位差理论，提出并论证了交通线路上任一点对应中桩的横向位差为零，纵向位差等于该点的点位误差。对中桩的误差曲线和误差椭圆的分析认为，误差椭圆无实际意义，误差曲线实用而有效。  相似文献   

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范洪冬  邓喀中 《大地测量与地球动力学》2009,29(3):135-140

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