水库浮游植物群落动态的人工神经网络方法   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

邬红娟  郭生练  胡传林  刘跃 《海洋与湖沼》2001,32(3):267-273

根据辽宁大伙房水库1980－1997年的水文和湖沼学观测资料，分别建立浮游植物丰度和蓝藻优势度人工视经网络模型，将年降雨量，7－9月平均水温，7－8月入库水量与7－8月库容之比和磷酸盐作为输入，浮游植物量和丰度作为输出，建立浮游植物落消长的人工神经网络模型，将7－9月平均水温，7－8月入出库水量之比，磷酸盐和总氨作为输入，蓝藻优势度作为输出，建立浮游植物演替的人工神经网络预测模型，并进行检验，其模拟值与观测值平均相对误差分别2％和1％，结果表明，人工神经网络方法优于传统的统计学模型，可进行水库浮游植物群落动态的预测预报，并具有较高的精度。  相似文献   

西沙群岛礁盘外水域的放射虫(等辐骨虫目)     

谭智源  宿星慧 《海洋科学集刊》1983,(20):141-156

一九七五年五月,我所在西沙群岛的永兴岛、琛航岛、金银岛和东岛等地调査采集,本文系将礁盘外水域所采到的放射虫中的一目——等辐骨虫(Acantharia)进行分类鉴定后携程。 这次采到的等辐骨虫共31种。 若将各岛所采标本的数量加以比较,则以金银岛为最多,琛航岛次之,永兴岛较少,东岛缺如。金银岛位于永乐群岛西南隅,标本采集点在该岛之南,面临外海而无屏障(指暗礁等),时值五月西南季风,等辐骨虫可随风海流从外海直接漂浮而来,所以出现较多。另方面,天气可以直接影响等辐骨虫的活动和分布,据以往较多的文献报道,该类动物遇阴霾风天即下沉至较深水层,这种现象从我们在金银岛的采集观察结果来看,确是非常明显;即使天气晴朗,有风与无风时采到的数量也有所差别。此外,它的分布也受着水流的影响,比如在金银岛与羚羊礁之间的水道出入口处，由于水流湍急,所采到的等辐骨虫数量则较礁盘外水域为少,在琛航岛的向风面其数量亦较少,但在琛航岛与晋卿岛之间风平浪静的礁湖水域内(背风面),数量则较多,尤以穿盾虫数量最大。至于在永兴岛码头外水域的采样中,则发现了大量的桡足类,等辐骨虫却很少,这与桡足类的大量生长是否有关,抑或由于码头位于岛之西岸,从外海漂浮来的等辐骨虫数量较少,原因尚未明了。这次在东岛所采到的样品中,含有大量的浮游蓝藻,如束毛藻Trichodesmium sp.,等辐骨虫却未发现,其它类的放射虫,如棒网虫Dictyocoryne sp.、海绵星虫Spongaster tetra Ehrenberg等也非常稀少,这可能由于该处藻类大量繁殖。导致水域内理化条件的改变,从而影响了等辐骨虫的活动与生存,至于其它因素尚有待研究。  相似文献   

哀牢山山地黄棕壤腐殖质的研究     

徐跃 《山地学报》1992,(1)

云南哀牢山徐家坝自然保护区内,森林经不同程度的破坏后形成的各种次生植被下,土壤有机质含量均有所降低,但H/F值则随森林→灌丛→草地有较大幅度的增加。腐殖质聚合物分子结构中的芳构化度、分子量和芳香环的缩合度由木果石栎林、滇山杨林、毛蕨菜灌草丛到沼泽草地逐渐增大,而腐殖酸分子结构上所带的亲水基侧键则按上述顺序由多到少。  相似文献   

Genome Sequence of a Marine Carotenoid Producing Yeast Rhodotorula mucilaginosa CYJ03     

TANG Wei  WANG Yue  CAI Yali  LIU Shibo  ZHANG Jun  HE Zengguo 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2020,19(2):466-472

Carotenoids are valuable pigments that have been widely used in food,pharmaceutical,animal breeding and cosmetics industries.Due to the increasing demand for carotenoids of natural origin,the trend for production of carotenoids by red yeast has become popular.Strain Rhodotorula mucilaginosa CYJ03 was isolated from northern Yellow Sea of China for its carotenoid producing potential.It was found that the whole genome of CYJ03 was 19.03 Mb in size and contained 6301 protein-coding genes including a gene cluster for the carotenoids biosynthesis.The genome sequence would be valuable for exploring the potential biological properties of CYJ03,as well as for facilitating the molecular genetic analysis and the manipulation of carotenoids accumulation in this strain,and for the development of it as an engineered host for carotenoid production.  相似文献   

城市扩展对趵突泉泉域直接补给区保泉能力影响          下载免费PDF全文

孙斌  高文锋  魏月  雷炳霄  毕栋威 《山东国土资源》2020,36(4):55-60

直接补给区是趵突泉泉域重要的补给场所之一,随着城市发展其面积逐渐缩小。通过遥感手段解译60多年来济南城市发展趋势,分析揭示其对直接补给区面积及强渗漏小流域入渗功能的影响,采用大气降雨入渗系数法定量计算直接补给区面积削减对泉水保护的影响。结果表明,1954年—2015年,济南城市发展经历了平缓增长、快速增长、爆发式增长3个发展阶段,导致泉水直接补给区面积累计削减130km^2,约占总面积的29%,直接补给区内强渗漏小流域遭受不同程度破坏,6个渗漏功能完全丧失,9个渗漏功能部分丧失,仅9个渗漏功能保存近似完好,直接造成泉水入渗补给量减少约9.7万m^3/d(以多年平均降雨量648mm计)。直接补给区生态功能亟待保护与修复,应统筹管理小流域内山、水、林、土、草,加强小流域内山坡、山脚、山谷局部水循环的系统保护与修复,逐步恢复泉水补给能力。  相似文献   

Organic carbon fluxes from the upper Yangtze basin: an example of the Longchuanjiang River,China     

X. X. Lu  Siyue Li  Min He  Yue Zhou  Li Li  Alan D. Ziegler 《水文研究》2012,26(11):1604-1616

To investigate the effects of anthropogenic activity, namely, land use change and reservoir construction, on particulate organic carbon (POC) transport, we collected monthly water samples during September 2007 to August 2009 from the Longchuanjiang River to understand seasonal variations in the concentrations of organic carbon species and their sources and the yield of organic and inorganic carbon from the catchment in the Upper Yangtze basin. The contents of riverine POC, total organic carbon and total suspended sediment (TSS) changed synchronously with water discharge, whereas the contents of dissolved organic carbon had a small variation. The POC concentration in the suspended sediment decreased non‐linearly with increasing TSS concentration. Higher molar C/N ratio of particulate organic matter (average 77) revealed that POC was dominated by terrestrially derived organic matter in the high flows and urban wastewaters in the low flows. The TSS transported by this river was 2.7 × 10⁵ t/yr in 2008. The specific fluxes of total organic carbon and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) were 5.6 and 6 t/km²/yr, respectively, with more than 90% in the high flow period. A high carbon yield in the catchment of the upper Yangtze was due to human‐induced land use alterations and urban wastes. Consistent with most rivers in the monsoon climate regions, the dissolved organic carbon–POC ratio of the export flux was low (0.41). Twenty‐two percent (0.9 t/km²/yr) of POC out of 4 t/km²/yr was from autochthonous production and 78% (3.1 t/km²/yr) from allochthonous production. The annual sediment load and hence the organic carbon flux have been affected by environmental alterations of physical, chemical and hydrological conditions in the past 50 years, demonstrating the impacts of human disturbances on the global and local carbon cycling. Finally, we addressed that organic carbon flux should be reassessed using adequate samples (i.e. at least two times in low‐flow month, four times in high‐flow month and one time per day during the flood period), daily water discharge and sediment loads and appropriate estimate method. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Spatial variations of throughfall through secondary succession of evergreen broad‐leaved forests in eastern China     

Shen Huitao  Jiang Yue  You Wenhui 《水文研究》2012,26(11):1739-1747

Linking spatial variations of throughfall with shifting patterns during forest succession is important for understanding developmental patterns of ecosystem function. However, no such approach has been previously used for the chronosequence of evergreen broad‐leaved forests in subtropical regions. This study was conducted in a chronosequence of secondary forest succession in Tiantong National Forest Park, to determine the optimum number of collectors within certain limits of error. Throughfall was 66, 55 and 77% of gross precipitation in an early‐succession (SS), sub‐climax (SE) and climax (CE) forest, respectively. The coefficient of variations (CV) of throughfall reduced with increasing rainfall amounts. Monte Carlo resampling approach was used to find mean values and 90 and 95% confidence intervals of a variable number of collectors (n) ranging from 2 to 24. During the study period, with nine collectors at SS, five at SE and five at CE, the error in the mean individual throughfall did not exceed 10%, respectively. This error was reduced to 5% when using 16, 10 and 10 collectors at SS, SE and CE, respectively. The CVs decreased greatly with increasing sample size when the sample size was less than 16 for the three successional stages, regardless of rainfall amounts. Based on the Student's t‐value analysis of the mean individual throughfall volumes, a sample size of 16 at SS, five at SE and four at CE would be enough for throughfall estimates at an accepted error of 10% of 95% confidence level, respectively. Therefore, we concluded that the 25 of collectors used in the present study were sufficient to estimate the throughfall value at an accepted error of 10% at 90 and 95% confidence levels, even for those small rainfalls in eastern China. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

基于大规模手机位置数据的城市潜在自行车出行需求评估     

周亚娟  赵志远  吴升  方志祥  陈佐旗 《地球信息科学学报》2020,22(6):1282-1293

潜在自行车出行是指可能会使用自行车作为交通工具的出行,评估潜在自行车出行需求能够帮助指导城市自行车资源配置方案的优化。大规模手机位置数据蕴含丰富的人群移动信息,而且具有大样本、低成本的特点,能够用于评估城市潜在自行车出行需求。本文结合自行车出行的时间和距离特征,提出一种基于大规模手机位置数据的潜在自行车出行需求评估方法。该方法以单次出行为分析单元,从手机用户的轨迹中提取出具有短距离出行特征和公共交通接驳出行特征的移动轨迹段,并根据该移动轨迹段评估潜在自行车出行需求。基于该方法,利用上海市大规模手机位置数据评估上海市潜在自行车出行需求并分析其时空分布特征,发现在空间上,潜在自行车短距离出行需求主要分布在城市中心和郊区的商业中心,而公共交通接驳的自行车需求主要分布在郊区。在时间上,上午,自行车出行需求从非中心城区向中心城区聚拢;晚上,上海市自行车出行骑车与停车需求从中心城区向非中心城区扩散。  相似文献   

Testing inferences from palaeocurrents: application of zircon double‐dating to Miocene sediments from the Hengchun Peninsula,Taiwan     

Linda A. Kirstein  Andrew Carter  Yue‐Gau Chen 《地学学报》2010,22(6):483-493

Detrital zircon provenance studies that combine low‐temperature fission‐track and high‐temperature U–Pb single‐grain age dating are powerful in constraining sediment provenance by documenting the tectonothermal evolution of the sediment source(s). We apply these techniques to Miocene (12–6 Ma) sandstones of the Hengchun Peninsula, southern Taiwan, which, based on diametrically opposite palaeocurrents, have a controversial provenance. U–Pb grain ages range from the Miocene (8 Ma) to Archaean (2.5 Ga). Cretaceous thermal cooling is recorded by detrital zircon fission tracks at Loshui and Lilongshan. Permian fission‐track grain ages account for <33% of zircon ages from Loshui, while at Lilongshan, Jurassic/Triassic grain ages account for 33–66% of all zircon fission‐track ages. Minor (<12%) Miocene age components are detected in both formations. These new data suggest that the primary sources of these Miocene sediments were similar. A simple model is proposed invoking sediment reworking in this complex tectonic setting. Terra Nova, 00, 000–000, 2010  相似文献   

Deterministic and Stochastic Predictions of Motion Dynamics of Cylindrical Mines Falling Through Water     

Mann  J. Yuming Liu Yonghwan Kim Yue  D.K.P. 《Oceanic Engineering, IEEE Journal of》2007,32(1):21-33

A physics-based computational model has been developed that is capable of reliably predicting the motion of a 3-D mine-shaped object impacting the water surface from the air, and subsequently, dropping through the water toward the sea bottom. This deterministic model [mine's six-degree-of-freedom dynamics (MINE6D)] accounts for six-degree-of-freedom motions of the body including unsteady hydrodynamic interaction effects. MINE6D allows for physics-based modeling of other hydrodynamic effects due to water impact, viscous drag associated with flow separation and vortex shedding, air entrainment, and realistic flow environments. To demonstrate the efficacy of the model, we compare deterministic MINE6D predictions with tank drops tests and field measurements. MINE6D captures the myriad of complex 3-D motions of cylindrical mines observed in field and laboratory experiments. For relatively simple straight motions, it obtains quantitative comparisons with the field measurements for the kinematics of mines freely dropping in the water including water impact and air cavity effects. In practical applications, the environments are often quite irregular, and the releasing conditions are also with uncertainties. To provide some guidance in understanding and interpreting statistical characterizations of mine motions in practical environments, we perform Monte Carlo simulation using MINE6D. These statistical results are not only the essential input for stochastic bottom impact and burial predictions of mines but also useful for the design of mines.  相似文献