野外测量中地物热红外发射率提取算法研究     

方圣辉  叶航  裴鉴 《测绘信息与工程》2015,40(1)

热红外遥感利用传感器探测所得的地物热红外辐射来反演地表温度等重要的地表环境参数.地物的发射率是反演地表温度的关键参数,但地物表面结构、温度和观测角等影响因素使得地物发射率的直接测量变得较为复杂.在大量野外实验的基础上发现,光谱平滑迭代法最适合地物光谱发射率的野外测量,其反演的温度和实测温度最接近.  相似文献   

论地球数据科学与共享     

诸云强  孙九林  王卷乐  杨雅萍 《国土资源信息化》2015,(1):3-9

地球科学大数据的到来,迫切需要通过地球数据科学系统对地学数据机理、采集处理、存储管理,特别是集成共享与挖掘分析等进行研究,以便通过大数据资源,发现和揭示数据背后隐含的地学规律和知识,促进地学科技创新。本文首先分析了地球数据科学的内涵特征,提出了地球数据科学的基础理论方法和技术体系。然后基于国家地球系统科学数据共享实践,重点研究了大数据时代下,面向地球数据科学的地学数据共享新发展。  相似文献   

贵州省国土资源执法监察监管系统建设与应用     

周丕基  诸云强  李刚  陈全伟  冯卓 《国土资源信息化》2015,(1):10-15

针对贵州省山地居多、生态环境脆弱、交通通讯不发达,人力资金相对不足等现状,研究建设了在线、离线相结合,内业、外业相协同,"省、市、县、乡"四级一体化应用,涵盖"线索发现、问题分析、外业核查、立案查处"全流程的国土资源执法监察监管系统。系统突破了高效、高精度、多模式的国土资源执法监察监管的系列关键技术方法,建立了国土资源监察监管系统与"一张图"平台一体化集成应用的新模式,已经部署应用到贵州省国土资源执法局和9个市州国土局和若干区县国土局。实践表明系统可以节省大量的国土资源执法人力、物力和时间,有效提升贵州省国土资源执法监察监管的效率和水平。  相似文献   

Automatic Selection of Landmarks for Navigation Guidance          下载免费PDF全文

Rui Zhu  Hassan A. Karimi 《Transactions in GIS》2015,19(2):247-261

Although current navigation services provide significant benefits to people's mobility, the turn‐by‐turn instructions they provide are sometimes ineffective. These instructions require people to maintain a high level of attention and cognitive workload while performing distance or angle measurements on their own mental map. To overcome this problem, landmarks have been identified as playing a major role in turn‐by‐turn instructions. This requires the availability of landmarks in navigation databases. Landmarks are commonly selected manually, which involves time‐consuming and tedious tasks. Automatic selection of landmarks has recently gained the attention of researchers but currently there are only a few techniques that can select appropriate landmarks. In this article, we present a technique based on a neural network model, where both static and dynamic features are used for selecting landmarks automatically. To train and test this model, two labeling approaches, manual labeling and rule‐based labeling, are also discussed. Experiments on the developed technique were conducted and the results show that rule‐based labeling has a precision of approximately 90%, which makes the technique suitable and reliable for automatic selection of landmarks.  相似文献   

基于3S技术的土地利用信息动态变更调查新机制研究——以成都市为例     

唐侨  陈涛  刘思源  徐柱 《测绘与空间地理信息》2015,(1):77-80

新形势下的土地变更调查任务不断增加,要求不断提高,手段不断强化,时间紧、任务重是当前土地变更调查面临的重大问题。针对以上问题,本文提出了一种动态变更的技术流程,通过深入研究土地规划实施、土地综合整治、地籍管理、耕地保护、执法监察等业务及相关关系,围绕"及时发现、快速调查、持续更新、如实上报、共享应用"5个方面的问题,以3S技术、网络技术、数据库技术等为支撑,提出以二调成果为基础,从土地管理业务内部及时发现变化,以发现驱动土地利用信息日常性持续动态变更的新思路。以成都市为例,开展基于3S技术的土地利用信息动态变更调查的方法在实际工作中的应用研究,实现了土地利用信息的"一图多用",并对变更结果进行了分析。  相似文献   

Biomass and water partitioning in two age-related Caragana korshinskii plantations in desert steppe, northern China     

RenTao Liu  Fan Zhu 《寒旱区科学》2015,7(3):238-244

Understanding of biomass and water allocation in plant populations will provide useful information on their growth pattern and resource allocation dynamics. By direct measurement, the biomass and water...  相似文献   

Characteristics of high arsenic groundwater in Hetao Basin, Inner Mongolia, northern China   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

YangChun Zhu  XueYong Zhao  Min Chen  YongQing Luo  Xin Zhou 《寒旱区科学》2015,7(1):0104-0110

It is well known that the Hetao Basin is one of the most seriously arsenic-affected groundwater areas in China. In order to understand the characteristics of high arsenic(As) groundwater in the Basin, a brief overview of arsenic in groundwater follows. High arsenic in the Basin commonly occurs in shallow groundwater and the total arsenic concentrations range from 0.58 to 572 μg/L(average 99.73 μg/L), exceeding the maximum mandated value of 10 μg/L for drinking water in China; As(Ш) is the predominant species. The regional distribution pattern of arsenic in the groundwater increases from south/southeast to north/northwest. Hangjinhouqi and Wuyuan counties are considered as the most seriously affected areas, with high incidences of endemic arsenicosic diseases in the Hetao Basin. High groundwater arsenic correlates with the increase of well depth. Previous studies proposed that groundwater arsenic in the Basin is mainly originated from desorption of some natural solid materials in the sediments, under reducing condition. Generally, reducing condition is believed to be the primary factor for arsenic releasing from the sediment to groundwater in the region. Under inorganic or bacterial processes, Fe2O3 changes to Fe S and arsenic adsorbed to Fe(OH)3 dissolves into groundwater, and As(V) is reduced to As(Ш). Besides, reducing environments, groundwater hydraulic gradients, organic matter, p H, evapotranspiration, and soil texture are presumed to be the predominant factors that control arsenic mobilization.  相似文献   

深层白云岩储层油充注对孔隙保存作用研究     

朱东亚  张殿伟  张荣强  冯菊芳  何治亮 《地质学报》2015,89(4):794-804

受震旦纪末期桐湾运动影响,四川盆地震旦系灯影组白云岩因遭受大气降水岩溶作用而发育了丰富的溶蚀孔隙。虽然经历了漫长的埋藏成岩演化过程,深层灯影组白云岩中仍见有丰富的储集空间未被成岩矿物充填而保存下来。通过对钻井及野外剖面进行系统岩石矿物学研究发现,储集空间保存段是灯影组上部的沥青显示段;而没有沥青的下部白云岩中的孔隙空间多被白云石等成岩矿物所充填。对林1井研究发现,上部沥青发育段白云岩储层孔隙度多大于3.0%,最高可达10.6%,平均为4.0%;但下部沥青不发育的自生白云石充填段孔隙度一般都小于3.0%,平均为1.95%。下部白云岩段溶蚀孔洞中自孔洞边缘向中心,所充填的白云石中流体包裹体均一温度从120℃逐渐增加至238℃;电子探针分析Fe、Mn平均含量从0.063%和0.025%逐渐升高至0.35%和0.108%;氧同位素组成δ18 OVPDB从-6.8‰逐渐降低至-11.2‰;表明了下部沥青未充填段成岩充填作用在埋藏过程中持续进行。油气充注改变了白云岩储层中的成岩流体环境并抑制了成岩矿物的形成;在后期埋藏过程,油逐渐转变成沥青覆盖在孔洞壁周围,也抑制了成岩矿物的沉淀形成;因而在现今沥青存在的深层白云岩储层中仍有丰富的孔隙空间保存下来。  相似文献   

Correlated observations and simulations on the buildup of radiation belt electron fluxes driven by substorm injections and chorus waves     

Zhaoguo He  Hui Zhu  Siqing Liu  Qiugang Zong  Yongfu Wang  Ruilin Lin  Liqin Shi  Jiancun Gong 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2015,355(2):245-251

  相似文献   

天籁实验抛物柱面天线阵结构设计与力学分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

朱加炉  陈志平  陈学雷  施浒立  祝男杰 《天文研究与技术》2015,12(1)

为了满足大面积天区的射电巡天观测,完成对大尺度结构的精确测量和对暗能量的探测,需要设计可安装大量馈源单元的大规模射电干涉阵列天线。抛物柱面的结构形式能较好满足工作需求,对抛物柱面天线阵进行了结构的选型设计。基于有限元方法及有限元分析软件,建立了用于暗能量射电探测的抛物柱面天线阵结构的有限元模型,计算分析了在重力、冰雪和风力等载荷作用时反射面的变形情况。仿真计算分析结果表明:设计的用于暗能量射电探测的天线结构在各种工况下反射面变形量较小,能满足各项设计技术指标要求,从而验证了天线阵结构的合理性、稳定性和可靠性。  相似文献